小方坯连铸中间包用耐火材料

讨论了小坯连铸中间包用耐火材料的部分品种及性能要求，为小方坯连铸中间包用耐火材料的选择提供了参考。     

连铸中间包用耐火材料的使用现状及发展

介绍了近５年来有关连铸中间包用主要耐火材料的使用现状，并提出了今后的发展方向。     

宝钢连铸用耐材国产化的进展

近年来,宝钢连铸用耐火材料的国产化工作取得较大进展,除了研制出部分原进口的品种外,还根据国情开发出一些新的材质与品种,满足了宝钢连铸生产的要求。本文扼要介绍国内研制的宝钢连铸钢包、精炼装置、中间包用耐火材料及功能耐火材料的品种、质量和使用情况,并与进口的制品作了比较。     

攀钢连铸用耐火材料

本文介绍攀钢连铸系统中的钢包，中间包用耐火材料以及长水口，塞棒，浸入式水口等耐火原件的功能，要求，现状及发展。     

100吨钢包ANS—OB处理小方坯连铸钢水质量的调整

钢水加热综合精炼ＡＮＳ－ＯＢ技术应用于小方坯连铸，其技术关键之一是解决中间包水口结瘤问题，分析了ＡＮＳ－ＯＢ配小方坯连铸水口结瘤的确切原因，提出了消除水口结瘤的钢水后矫措施和技术操作规范，使ＡＮＳ－ＯＢ配小方坯连铸工艺顺行。     

2002年中国金属学会连铸委员会工作总结

2002年连铸委员会学术活动重点举行了连铸二冷系统、连铸耐火材料、特钢连铸技术、大方坯连铸质量问题、不锈钢小方坯连铸浇注工艺等专题技术会。还为南钢连铸、三钢连铸、大钢小方坯投产进行了技术服务。并在鞍山举办了一次国外连铸新技术、新工艺、新材料报告会。这些活动都是从企业需要出发,根据生产中出现的问题选题,用专家讲课和多方征稿相结合的形式组织讨论。这些活动受到企业欢迎并得到连铸科技人员的大力支持,取得了较好的效果。     

改善连铸钢水质量的措施

小方坯连铸机浇铸的铸坯断面小,拉速快,采用定径水口,因此,对钢水质量要求严格。为使我厂小方坯连铸机能顺利生产,我们对供给小方坯连铸钢水的质量进行了较系统的试验研究工作,简单归纳如下。一、钢水温度是关键根据迪马克技术要求,中间已开浇五     

小方坯无塞棒控流保护浇注新工艺在安钢问世

一种具有国内先进水平的小方坯无塞棒控流保护——由安钢自主开发研制成功。在第二炼钢厂甜连铸机上稳定运行一年多，最近通过了专家鉴定。专家们一致认为：小方坯定径水口＋浸入式水口＋保护渣的中间包浇注方式属国内首创；快换包龄突破200炉，浇注70个小时长寿命技术首破国内记录；中间包系统耐火材料的优化结构快换技术及浸入式水口无重接更换操作法在同行业中具有广泛的推广应用价值。     

小方坯连铸干式振动料及定径水口快速更换技术的应用

小方坯连铸中间包采用干式振动料和定径水口更换技术是提高铸机连续浇注的炉数及铸机日历作业率的重要手段.本文介绍了此项技术在信钢公司炼钢厂的研制推广和应用情况,并阐述了水口快速更换机构的改进、中间罐及中间罐耐火材料的优化.     

中小方坯连铸中间包采用滑动水口技术研究

中小方坯连铸中间包采用滑动水口代替塞棒，具有很大优点。但主要的技术难点是上水口呐的钢液凝固造成无法自动开浇。本文研究了采用加屏蔽罩和上水口内填入耐火材料的方法，达到较高的自动开烧率。     

钢铁企业智慧能源管控系统开发与实践

 能源管控系统是国家工信部推出的节能减排先进适用技术之一,也是企业实现能源精细化管理的重要措施。综述了钢铁企业能源管控系统的现状和存在的问题,并对未来发展进行了展望。针对能源管控系统核心功能展开进一步分析,从基础能源管理到能效分析与评价、能源供需预测与优化分配、多能源介质耦合优化调度及辅助决策,以及碳排放分析等核心功能,旨在推进中国钢铁工业能源管控系统的进一步完善,促进智能化、绿色化发展,更好地发挥能源精细化管理作用,为企业节能减排做出更大贡献。     

我国钛及钛合金板材标准化现状

主要回顾了我国钛及钛合金板材标准化历程,重点介绍了本世纪钛板材国标体系的重要变化及完善情况,并与国外先进标准进行了对比,提出了进一步完善和发展我国钛板材标准体系的发展思路、改进意见和建议。     

The utility of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of the triangular fibrocartilage complex of the wrist

This work offers an anthropological analysis of intra-household processes underlying gender- and age-specific differences in individual nutritional and health care allocations and outcomes in particular cultures. Based on recent ethnographic studies in India, Nepal, Madagascar, Mexico, and Peru, correspondences are analyzed between local cultural ("emic") and scientist-policy maker practitioner ("etic") understandings of nutrition, health, and human development, and the relative "values" of females, males, and children of different ages. The data and analyses clarify specific epidemiological and demographic findings on age and gender bias in nutrition and health and highlight the multiple cultural, economic, and biological factors that contribute to gender- or age-based discrimination or neglect. Recent advances in nutrition policy have argued for a broader concept of nutritional security, one that incorporates both food quantity and quality, and of nutrition as "food, health and care" (International Conference on Nutrition, World Declaration and Plan of Action for Nutrition, FAO/WHO, Rome, 1992). These ethnographic findings; lend strong support for such broader nutrition concepts and associated nutrition policies. The studies also suggest ways in which anthropological questions, methods, and data and community-based research can help predict or identify the nutritionally vulnerable within households and help other social and medical scientists design more effective interventions.     

钢铁工业节能减排的历史重任

重点研究了我国钢铁工业节能减排的目标,钢铁工业能耗、污染物排放的现状,我国钢铁工业与国际先进水平的差距及原因,钢铁企业联合重组取得的新进展,主动减排二氧化碳、二氧化硫气体及我国钢铁工业未来的发展方向.     

钢铁制造流程炼铁区段耗散结构的解析

为了研究钢铁制造流程耗散结构的本质及其特征,以高炉炼铁区段为对象,研究解析了多工序协同动态运行条件下的耗散结构优化问题.由料场、焦化、烧结、球团、高炉等工序所组成的炼铁区段,不仅是钢铁制造流程中重要的物质/能源转换中心,也是全流程动态有序、协同连续运行的关键和基础环节.炼铁区段的物理本质是铁素物质流在碳素能量流的驱动和...     

天铁科技成果管理工作实践

论述了科技成果管理的内容和意义,结合企业实际介绍了天铁科技管理的制度、体系及实施效果。通过科技创新体系和成果管理制度建设,“十一五”期间促进了科技成果的开发和转化,有多个项目分别列人天津市技术创新重点为项目、天津市二十项重点项目,推动了企业持续快速发展。     

Girlfriend, boyfriend: Age and sex differences in intimate friendship.

Investigated changes in intimate friendship with same- and opposite-sex friends in preadolescence and adolescence, using the Intimacy Scale. Ss were Israeli children from the 5th, 7th, 9th, and 11th grades (60 boys and 60 girls from each grade), who rated their friendship with a same- or opposite-sex best friend. There was a significant age difference in overall intimacy with same-sex friends. Frankness and spontaneity, knowing and sensitivity, attachment, exclusiveness, and giving and sharing were factors that changed with age. Trust and loyalty, and taking and imposing did not. Opposite-sex friendship revealed a significant increase in intimacy with age. Boys and girls did not differ in reported opposite-sex friendship in the 5th and 7th grades, whereas girls in the 9th and 11th grades reported higher intimacy than did boys. This sex-by-age pattern of interaction was particularly evident for attachment and for trust and loyalty. Girls were higher in knowing and sensitivity, giving and sharing, and taking and imposing. The implications for further differentiation among types of peer relations and interrelation of dyadic friendship and cognitive growth are discussed. (42 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Standards of weight and height for Ayrshire, brown Swiss, and milking shorthorn heifers

To develop a modern appraisal of growth for Ayrshire, Brown Swiss, and Milking Shorthorn dairy heifers, data on heart girth and height at withers were collected from 1279 Ayrshire heifers (33 herds), 1819 Brown Swiss heifers (46 herds), and 565 Milking Shorthorn heifers (20 herds), ages 1 to 25 mo, in herds located throughout the US. Means and standard deviations were determined for height and heart girth for each month of age. Third-order regressions on age were fitted to the means to describe height and heart girth. Estimated mean height and heart girth at 6, 12, 18, and 24 mo, in centimeters, were for Ayrshire 98.7 and 118.4, 114.4 and 145.9, 122.8 and 163.2, and 127.6 and 176.4; for Brown Swiss 102.6 and 122.3, 199.4 and 151.3, 128.7 and 168.8, and 134.0 and 182.0; and for milking Shorthorn 98.0 and 119.4, 113.6 and 148.6, 122.6 and 166.6, and 127.7 and 179.9, respectively. These data can be useful to evaluate the heifer rearing program with respect to the growth rates of heifers on an individual farm.     

Paraplane analysis from precordial three-dimensional echocardiographic data sets for rapid and accurate quantification of left ventricular volume and function: a comparison with magnetic resonance imaging

OBJECTIVES: Three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) calculates left ventricular volumes (LVV) and ejection fraction (EF) without geometric assumptions, but prolonged analysis time limits its routine use. This study was designed to validate a modified 3DE method for rapid and accurate LVV and EF calculation compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Forty subjects included 15 normal volunteers (group A) and 25 patients with segmental wall motion abnormalities and global hypokinesis caused by ischemic heart disease (group B) who underwent 3DE with precordial rotational acquisition technique (2-degree interval with electrocardiographic and respiratory gating) and MRI at 0.5 T, electrocardiogram (ECG)-triggered multislice multiphase T1-weighted fast field echo. End-diastolic and end-systolic LVV and EF were calculated from both techniques with Simpson's rule by manual endocardial tracing of equidistant parallel left ventricular short-axis slices. Slicing from the 3DE data sets were done by both 2.9-mm slice thickness (method 3DE-A) and by 8 equidistant short-axis slices (method 3DE-B); for MRI analysis, 9-mm slice thickness was used. RESULTS: Analysis time required for manual endocardial tracing of end-diastolic and end-systolic short-axis slices was 10 minutes for the 3DE-B method compared with 40 minutes by the 3DE-A method. For all 40 subjects the mean +/- SD of end-diastolic LVV (mL) were 181 +/- 76, 179 +/- 73, and 182 +/- 76; for end-systolic LVV (mL), 120 +/- 76, 120 +/- 75, and 122 +/- 77; and for EF (%), 39 +/- 18, 38 +/- 18, and 38 +/- 18 for MRI, 3DE-A, and 3DE-B methods, respectively. The differences between 3DE-A and 3DE-B with MRI for calculating end-diastolic and end-systolic LVV and EF were not significant for the whole group of subjects as well as for the subgroups. The 3DE-B method had excellent correlation and close limits of agreement with MRI for calculating end-diastolic and end-systolic LVV and EF: r = 0.98 (-1.3 +/- 26.6), 0.99 (-1.6 +/- 21. 2), and 0.99 (0.2 +/- 5.2), respectively. The correlation between 3DE-A and MRI were r = 0.97, 0.98, and 0.98, and the limits of agreement were -1.4 +/- 36, -0.6 +/- 26, and 0.6 +/- 8 for calculating end-diastolic and end-systolic LVV and EF, respectively. In addition, excellent correlation and close limits of agreement between 3DE-A and 3DE-B with MRI for LVV and EF calculation was also found for the subgroups. Intraobserver and interobserver variability (SEE) of MRI for calculating end-diastolic and end-systolic LVV and EF were 6.3, 4.7, and 2.1; and 13.6, 11.5, and 4.7; respectively, whereas that for 3DE-B were 3.1, 4.4, and 2.2; and 6.2, 3.8, and 3. 6; respectively. Comparable observer variability was also found for the A and B subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The 3DE-A and 3DE-B methods have excellent correlation and close limits of agreement with MRI for calculating LVV and EF in both normal subjects and cardiac patients. The 3DE-B method by paraplane analysis with 8 equidistant short-axis slices has observer variability similar to MRI and reduces the 3DE analysis time to 10 minutes, therefore offering a rapid, reproducible, and accurate method for LVV and EF calculation.     

某复杂难选铅锌氧化矿综合利用项目节能分析

针对氧化矿矿石储量大、品位低、矿石性质复杂、难以选别的特点,介绍了某复杂难选铅锌氧化矿综合利用项目的工艺方案、主要生产指标,提出了各项节能措施,分析了项目的用能总量及主要用能工序,并对项目的能效水平进行了分析.通过开发和采用效率高、节能效果好的工艺流程、设备,并做好建筑、给排水、供配电、通风除尘等辅助和附属设施的节能,...