玉米胚芽油的制取

玉米胚芽油是淀粉厂、酒精厂的副产品，玉米经脱胚后制油可得到亚油酸含量较高的食用油和优质的饼粕，是淀粉厂、酒精厂提高经济效益的较好途径。     

玉米淀粉厂副产物综合利用途径的研究

针对我国玉米淀粉厂副产物的综合利用水平低的情况,提出了玉米淀粉厂副产物玉米浸泡水、胚芽、麸质水、渣皮的综合利用途径,不但可获得玉米浆、玉米胚芽油、麸质粉、黄色素、醇溶蛋白、食用纤维素等系列产品,而且还可以消除污染,并取得良好的经济效益。     

玉米酒精副产胚芽油的超临界CO2提取工艺研究

胚芽油和CO2是玉米酒精生产中的重要副产品.本文采用超临界CO2技术从玉米胚芽中萃取玉米胚芽油,解决传统方法中出油率低及有机溶剂残留等问题;试验考察了压力、温度、CO2流量和萃取时间对提取率的影响,并得出最佳萃取工艺条件.采用超临界CO2技术萃取玉米胚芽油具有较强的技术优势和良好的工业应用前景.     

酿酒文摘[国内期刊(26)]

酒精厂提取玉米胚芽油大有可为朱河四川制糖发酵 1992年第2期16～20页玉米胚芽油含有较多的亚油酸,且有很高的营养价值;对降低血管中的胆固醇、降低血压防止动脉粥样硬化均有一定的治疗效果。现在全国大多数酒精厂都以玉米为原料,而玉米油均未进行利用,只有在发酵过程中去除或收集,用未除胚芽玉米生产酒精还有能耗高和发酵设备积油、杀菌不易彻底、易造成发酵感染以及其他等缺点。由于玉米油主要集中于胚芽中,原料在粉碎前把玉米胚芽同表皮、胚乳等分离,胚     

利用玉米淀粉下脚料生产药用酵母粉

利用玉米淀粉下脚料生产药用酵母粉湖北工学院生物工程系（４３００６８）许剑秋玉米渣、黄浆水是淀粉厂生产中的主要下脚料。目前，大多数淀粉厂均作为粗饲料卖给农民。为了进一步提高其利用率，现将利用玉米淀粉下脚料生产药用酵母粉的研究工艺简述如下。１主要原材料淀...     

水酶法提取玉米胚芽油的研究进展

玉米胚芽油含有丰富的营养成分,具有良好的品质和生理功能,是一种理想的食用油。水酶法是近年来研究较多的新兴提油技术,其操作条件温和,能得到变性程度低的蛋白、高品质的油及其他功能性成分,具有绿色、环保、安全、节能等优点。综述水酶法提取玉米胚芽油的工艺及原理,并对水酶法提取玉米胚芽油工艺的进一步研究和工业化应用前景进行展望。     

水酶法提油工艺对玉米胚芽油质量的影响

研究了水酶法提取玉米胚芽油工艺中热处理工艺参数及酶解过程对玉米胚芽油酸值、过氧化值、色泽的影响。结果表明：缓冲液的pH、热处理温度、时间对玉米胚芽油的色泽没有影响，而对酸值、过氧化值影响较大；酶解过程对玉米胚芽油的酸值、过氮化值、色泽几乎没有影响。水酶法与压榨法制取的玉米胚芽油各项指标及氧化稳定性的对比结果表明，采用水酶法制取的玉米胚芽油质量较高。     

利用蒸馏单硬脂酸甘油酯制备玉米胚芽油基凝胶油的研究

以玉米胚芽油为原料、蒸馏单硬脂酸甘油酯为凝胶因子,利用加热搅拌和冷却方法制备玉米胚芽油基凝胶油,研究不同工艺条件对玉米胚芽油基凝胶油硬度的影响。结合单因素实验和正交实验优化得到玉米胚芽油基凝胶油最佳制备工艺条件为:蒸馏单硬脂酸甘油酯添加量8%,加热温度90℃,加热时间45 min,搅拌速率200 r/min,冷却温度5℃。在最佳工艺条件下,玉米胚芽油基凝胶油硬度为2.69 N、黏度力为4.08 N、持油率为99.971%。     

日本玉米淀粉工业及其产品概述

<正> 日本玉米淀粉工业始于二次世界大战后的1948年,当时日本食品加工株式会社在爱知县半田市兴建了第一个玉米淀粉厂,其后,到了1950年,小麦淀粉厂改换原料,转为玉米淀粉厂,甘薯淀粉厂和饴糖厂以及纤维、造纸企业也相继涉入玉米淀粉工业,如今玉米淀粉公司已达11个,此外还有若干个利用玉米生产糖化物的公司。近年来日本玉米淀粉工业发展很快,据日本农水省统计,1984年生产玉米淀粉163万吨,1987年达200万吨,除玉米淀粉外,还有玉米油、蛋白粉、蛋白饲料等副产品,且实     

玉米酒精联产DDG及酵母饲料最佳设备的选择和发展

磁县酒精厂始建于1989年，经过几年来的努力和改造，生产能力由原来的1000吨到20000吨。在玉米综合利用及糟液处理上，从工艺到设计，从管理到效益，总结了一套国内较为完整的工业路线。特别是酒糟饲料方面，吸收了国内外几十个厂家之精华，从脱胚、榨油、脱水、干燥、酵母发酵，全价配备，造粒及封装等方面联合形成一条龙生产线，为企业综合治理创造了一条较为合理的流程方式，受到同行们的好评。1来百家之长，纳精华于己用在方案设计之初，我们采取请进来，走出去的办法，参观走访了国内几十家酒精厂、淀粉厂、饲料厂的生产方案，认真分析…     

植物蛋白饮料中脂肪含量的测定

对罗兹－哥特里伯法在植物蛋白饮料体系中加以应用的可行性进行了评价，证明上述方法经过适当改良后可用于豆奶等植物蛋白型饮料中脂肪含量的测定。在此基础上，对自制的谷物胚芽饮料产品中的脂肪含量进行了测定。经测定，自制玉米胚芽饮料中的脂肪含量为１．２１３％，自制小麦胚芽饮料中的脂肪含量为０．１６２％。     

Effect of two different lipid sources on glass transition temperatures and tensile properties of corn semolina

The effect of adding corn oil (CO) and corn germ (CG) on the thermal and mechanical properties of corn semolina (CS) was investigated. The lipids concentration employed were 2% and 3% of CO or CG. The thermal transitions were studied in a moisture content range of 3–27% (d.b.), by means of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. Wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) experiments showed that type-V amylose–lipid complexes were formed with the native lipids within the corn semolina during thermo-moulding and that re-crystallization to a type-A structure, favored by the added lipids, occurred upon storage in high relative humidity (RH) environments. Two thermal events were observed during the first DSC scan and tan δ DMTA curves. The first one appearing at around 55–60 °C was attributed to a possible phase separation or ageing phenomenon taking place during storage of the samples, while the second was ascribed to the glass transition temperature of CS. It was found that addition of both, CO and CG, reduced the moisture content required for these transitions to appear. The expected decrease in the glass transition temperatures with moisture content was well described by the Gordon–Taylor equation. The addition of CO and CG also causes plasticization of CS. Hence, corn germ meal can be used as a lipid source that is more convenient to handle than liquid fats. However, the CS T_g values were independent of the lipids content. Tensile properties of CS and CS-lipid systems were found to be influenced by the moisture content, the physical state of the samples, and their composition.     

Phytostanols and phytosterols distributions in corn kernel

Recently, industry has focused attention on plant matrices rich in phytosterols and phytostanols for their ability to reduce serum cholesterol levels. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the phytosterols and phytostanols contents of different fractions (endosperm, pericarp, germ) of corn kernel. The germ fraction contained more oil (24.2–30.7%) than endosperm and pericarp fractions (0.4–1.2%). Endosperm oil had the highest levels of phytostanols and 4,4-dimethylsterols, while pericarp oil had the greatest amounts of 4-desmethylsterols and 4-monomethylsterols. In the oil extracted from three corn kernel fractions sitostanol was the predominant phytostanols (77–87%), followed by campestanol (13–23%). The high percentages of 24–methylencycloartanol and cycloartenol were detected in the endosperm and pericarp parts, respectively. Citrostadienol was detected in corn germ oil as the main component of the 4-monomethylsterols fraction. In different parts of corn kernel, β-sitosterol (62–69%) was the major 4-desmethylsterol, followed by campesterol (11–18%) and stigmasterol (5–13%).     

Fatty acid accumulation in the different fractions of the developing corn kernel

In the food industry, the use of the oil is determined by the composition of fatty acids, and this is highly dependent on its natural origin. The fatty acid composition of whole corn kernel was determined in three varieties of corn (Astro, GH2547, and Local). Linoleic acid was the predominant fatty acid in the oil of Astro and Local at all collection dates, whereas it was the major fatty acid in the oil of GH2547 only between 40 and 60 days after pollination (DAP). The fatty acid accumulation in the endosperm, pericarp and germ fractions of the corn kernel during maturation was determined. The accumulation pattern of oil content was different in these three kernel fractions. The highest levels of oil content in the endosperm (2.2%), germ (34.3%) and pericarp (10.8%) fractions were detected at 20, 40 and 30 (DAP), respectively. The fatty acid accumulation patterns were different amongst the analysed kernel parts, indicating a numerous differences between the three corn kernel parts. Throughout the sampling periods, the endosperm fraction was distinguished by the highest and the lowest levels of oleic and linoleic acids, respectively. At all stages of kernel development, the pericarp fraction had the highest levels of total polyunsaturated fatty acids, which has numerous healthy applications. These results may be useful in the understanding of the potential source of the beneficial unsaturated fatty acids amongst the different fractions of the corn kernel during maturation.     

Policosanol distribution and accumulation in developing corn kernels

Policosanol is a mixture of long-chain primary aliphatic alcohols. The policosanol composition of whole corn kernel was determined in three varieties of corn (Astro, GH2547, Local). The total policosanol content of GH2547 (20.5 mg/kg of dry weight) was higher than those of Local (16.6 mg/kg) and Astro (15.2 mg/kg). The major policosanol components of whole corn kernel were dotriacontanol, triacontanol and tetracosanol. The distribution of policosanol in the germ, endosperm and pericarp of corn kernels was also determined. Corn pericarp had higher contents of policosanols (72.7–110.9 mg/kg) than the endosperm (4.0–16.2 mg/kg) and germ (19.3–37.1 mg/kg) fractions. Corn pericarp policosanol was mainly triacontanol (33.63–46.29 mg/kg), dotriacontanol (22.31–39.46 mg/kg) and octacosanol (8.13–14.0 mg/kg). In contrast, the corn germ fraction contained mostly dotriacontanol (more than 50%) and no triacontanol. The main components of corn endosperm policosanol were triacontanol and hexacosanol. The level of tetracosanol was highest in the germ fraction and lowest in the endosperm fraction. The greatest change in policosanol content (expressed as mg/100 g of oil) occurred during the early stages of corn kernel development. Although the structures of the alcohol constituents of policosanol are similar, their patterns of accumulation were different. The highest levels of octacosanol and dotriacontanol were detected at 20 days after pollination (DAP) followed by a rapid decrease between 20 and 30 DAP. Triacontanol levels decreased rapidly between 10 and 40 DAP, and then remained nearly constant.     

Fumonisin levels in commercial corn products in Buenos Aires, Argentina

Fumonisins B₁ (FB₁) and B₂ (FB₂) were determined in 35 samples of corn flour and corn grits destined for human consumption and purchased directly from Buenos Aires food shops and supermarkets from October 1996 to January 1997 and during the month of January 1998. During the first period of sample collecting, 16 out of 19 samples were found to be contaminated. Considering all 19 samples, contamination levels were between not detected and 1860 ng/g FB₁, and from not detected to 768 ng/g FB₂. During the second period all 16 samples were found to be contaminated with levels ranging from 75 to 4987 ng/g FB₁, and from not detected to 1818 ng/g FB₂. The levels of FB₁ and FB₂ in the samples collected during January 1998 were significantly higher than the samples collected during the period from October 1996 to January 1997. No significant difference was found in terms of fumonisin levels between the branded and unbranded samples.     

玉米黄色素研究进展

本综述了国内外有关玉米黄色素的相关研究进展，包括玉米色素的分析方法研究、功能研究、制备研究等。     

Fumonisins B1 and B2 in Brazilian corn-based food products

Eighty-one samples of corn products were acquired from markets and supermarkets in the city of Campinas, SP, Brazil, and were analysed for fumonsins B₁ and B₂ (FB₁ and FB₂). Forty samples (49%) were positive for FB₁     

小麦胚芽油的几种生产工艺实践及分析

小麦胚芽油是以小麦胚芽为原料制取的一种谷物胚芽油,它集中了小麦的营养精华,富含维生素E、亚油酸、亚麻酸、二十八碳醇及多种生理活性组分,是宝贵的功能食品,具有很高的营养价值。调查发现,目前山东省及相邻各省小麦胚芽原料供应充足,并已有比较可行的加工设备。对几种小麦胚芽油加工方法经过近两年的生产比较实验,筛选出可行的加工工艺,为小麦胚芽油的工业化生产提供了依据。     

近红外分析仪在玉米质量检测中的应用

将近红外分析仪应用于玉米质量检测,开发了对玉米淀粉含量和水分测定的工厂校准,并对该校准进行了测试,实验证明该校准测定结果符合国家标准要求.通过实验找到测定玉米原始水分及潮粮二次水分和淀粉的快速测定方法,与常规方法比较快速、准确.