共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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汽车排气净化催化技术面临的挑战 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
论述了目前在汽车排气净化催化剂中急需解决的关键技术;采用稀土元素部分或全部取代贵金属是研制开发三效汽车排气净化催化剂的重要方向。 相似文献
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稀土钙钛矿型复合氧化物在汽车尾气净化中的应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
阐述了汽车尾气净化工艺中替代贵金属催化剂的必要性和可能性,评述了稀土钙钛矿复合氧化物在三效催化剂中的作用,指出这类贱金属催化剂是研制、开发三效汽车排气催化剂的重要方向。 相似文献
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制备了以贱金属氧化物,稀土及少量贵金属Pd为活性组分,以蜂窝陶瓷为载体的机动车尾气净化催化剂。研究了其制备工艺及活性组分的负载量对机动车尾气净化效果的影响。 相似文献
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采用蜂窝状载体,在蜂窝陶瓷基质上涂以助剂,制备了Pt-Pd为活性组分催化剂,考察了催化剂对CO、HC的净化效果及蜂窝催化剂的耐热性能。结果表明,添加助剂对催化剂的活性有很大的影响,可使HC的催化燃烧活性得到显著的提高;相对于无助剂催化剂,其丙烯的最低全转化温度降低了70℃。表明蜂窝Pt-Pd,助剂/A l2O3是一个很有应用潜力的低温烃类燃烧贵金属催化剂。 相似文献
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《化学工业与工程技术》2005,(4)
非贵金属尾气净化催化剂研制获突破由中科院长春应化所承担的非贵金属汽车尾气净化三元稀土催化剂研制项目日前取得显著进展,并通过吉林省科技厅组织的专家鉴定。目前项目组已与吉林同方实业发展有限公司达成协议,共同建设年产5万套欧Ⅲ净化器生产线。目前发达国家主要是通过贵金属(PtRh)三元催化剂解决汽车尾气对环境造成的污染。国内高档汽车如一汽轿车配备的尾气净化贵金属催化剂均来自国外,国内自主开发的汽车尾气净化技术主要集中在含少量贵金属体系。中科院长春应化所以现有的稀土催化剂制备技术为基础,通过完善非贵金属催化剂活性组… 相似文献
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汽车排放的尾气中含有大量的NOX、HC及CO,对人体危害很大,而高效汽车尾气净化催化剂是实现车外净化、解决这一问题的关键。国外发达国家已广泛使用三效催化剂。综述了汽车尾气净化催化剂的研究与进展,主要介绍了稀土元素在催化剂中的应用。 相似文献
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Foam-metal catalysts for purification of waste gases and neutralization of automotive emissions 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Catalysts of a new structural type—foam metals—have been tested in the process of neutralization of exhaust gases of automotive engines. Foam catalysts have physico-chemical, gas-dynamic and catalytic characteristics exceeding the indices of the traditional granular and honeycomb catalysts. 相似文献
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受“水俣公约”和环境保护政策约束,研究和开发新型无汞催化剂是保障我国乙炔法制备聚氯乙烯未来发展的核心环节。无汞催化剂包括贵金属催化剂、非贵金属催化剂和非金属催化剂,其中贵金属催化剂被认为是最具有工业化应用前景的催化剂。本文概述了近年来国内外乙炔氢氯化贵金属Au、Ru、Pd和Pt催化剂的研究进展,重点综述了不同催化剂的活性组分、催化机理及催化剂的改性方法等方面的研究,分析了不同改性方法的作用机制及不同催化剂改性的研究方向。研究表明,添加助剂或多金属复配、配体和离子液体的使用及载体改性均使贵金属催化剂的催化活性和稳定性得到一定程度提高,从而进一步增加了贵金属催化剂工业化应用的可能性。 相似文献
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CO is a toxic and detrimental air pollutant. It not only affects human beings but also vegetation and indirectly increases global warming. An estimate has shown that vehicular exhaust contributes about 64% of the CO pollution in developed countries. Due to the exponentially increasing number of automobiles on roads, CO concentrations have reached an alarming level in urban areas and regulatory measures had been adopted to curb the menace of vehicular pollution. To control vehicular exhaust pollution, end-of-pipe-technology using noble metals catalytic converters are recommended. The increasing prices of noble metals with the increasing number of vehicles motivates the investigation of material concepts to reduce the precious metal content in automotive catalysts or to find a substitute for noble metals. Among non-noble metals, copper chromite is found to be most promising and exhibits comparable activity for CO oxidation to that of precious metals. Further, low cost, easy availability and advance synthesis methods with stabilizer, promoter, etc. advocates for the use of copper chromite as an auto exhaust purification catalyst. There is a lot of literature available on copper chromite catalyst for CO oxidation, but still there is a gap in the literature for a review article solely devoted to copper chromite catalyst for CO oxidation. Therefore, in an attempt to fill this gap, the present review updates and evaluates the progress and future scope for copper chromite catalyst for purification of exhaust gases of low sulfur contents. The requirement to develop successful methods to reclaim the components of the spent copper chromite catalyst for its safe disposal is also discussed. The paper is useful for people who want to quickly know the state of art and all the aspects concerning the investigated materials. A total of 265 references have been cited. 相似文献