新型SiC光学材料的制备及应用

随着空间成像技术的发展,当今各科技大国均加大了对新型光学材料的制备及应用的研究工作.近年来新近兴起的新型SiC材料因其良好的热稳定性、高比刚度、低密度、易于轻量化等优点,而成为未来空间相机主光学成像元件的首选材料.本文结合当前国内外SiC材料研究进展,介绍了新型SiC光学材料常用的几种制备技术及相关应用,对其制备方法和...     

2 m SiC 反射镜拱形轻量化结构设计

针对口径为2 060 mm 的地基大口径望远镜主反射镜,选用SiC 材料和新型拱形轻量化结构进行了详细的轻量化参数设计,并对支撑环半径进行了优化.对于Whiffle tree 18 点支撑和27 点支撑形式,从静力学(重力作用)和热力学两方面对比分析了两种轻量化结构的镜面变形,结合SiC 反射镜的加工工艺,最终确定18 点支撑的轻量化结构为首选方案.同时,就SiC 反射镜对稳态温度差导致的热变形较敏感的问题,提出可通过设计与镜体热变形相匹配的支撑结构来满足镜面变形的要求.     

碳化硅反射镜技术的研究现状

介绍了碳化硅作为最有发展前途的新型反射镜材料的特点,阐述了碳化硅反射镜的轻量化设计、坯体制备、涂层、镜面光学加工和光学检测技术的特点和国内外研究现状,以及世界各国SiC反射镜的应用.     

SiC纳米线研究进展及其应用现状

随着SiC纳米线制备技术的日益成熟,其在场发射、光催化、电学和光学材料领域有着广阔的应用前景和发展潜力,也可作为多种结构材料增强体广泛应用于航空航天、核、制动系统等多种工业领域。综述了SiC纳米线的性能及其多种制备方法的研究现状,详细介绍了SiC纳米线作为增强材料应用于陶瓷材料、C基复合材料及SiC基复合材料中的研究进展,讨论了SiC纳米线的作用机制,并展望了其未来发展方向。     

非混粉电火花镜面加工及表面质量检测

采用解析法和有限元分析方法,分析了各因素对电火花加工表面质量的影响,提出了一种在电火花放电加工过程中逐级改变加工电规准,并依次加大电极的摇动量进行镜面加工的方法.提出应用白光干涉方法测量镜面加工工件表面质量的微观形貌,具有非接触、高精度等特点,垂直分辨力达到纳米级.实验表明在非混粉加工液中,不更换电极且被加工工件为45#钢的情况下,利用白光干涉测量法检测出电火花镜面加工的工件表面粗糙度Ra为0.02μm,满足电火花镜面加工精度的要求.     

氮掺杂导电碳化硅陶瓷研究进展EI北大核心CSCD

可电火花加工的导电碳化硅(SiC)陶瓷不仅可以克服传统高电阻率SiC陶瓷难加工的突出缺点,而且能够保留传统高电阻率SiC陶瓷的其他优异性能,在结构陶瓷领域取代传统的高电阻率SiC陶瓷具有突出优势。本文阐述了粉末烧结制备氮掺杂导电SiC陶瓷的原理,归纳总结分析了其粉末烧结制备方法、烧结助剂的种类及其所获得SiC陶瓷的热电和力学性能。同时,探讨了SiC陶瓷的电性能影响因素,为调控SiC陶瓷的电性能提供了参考依据。最后,指出了氮掺杂导电SiC陶瓷面临的主要挑战,在未来研究中,应聚焦于发展新烧结技术与烧结添加剂体系以及澄清电性能调控机制,为制备电阻率可控的高性能导电SiC陶瓷奠定技术基础。     

空间相机主镜加工状态下的有限元分析

采用轻量化结构的空间相机主镜,因为镜体力学分布较传统的实心镜体复杂得多,因而轻型镜面的加工较之实心镜面复杂得多。镜子在加工中的支撑方式和受力状态是影响镜面加工精度的主要因素之一,没有严格准确的数学分析难以保证镜子的加工精度,本文用有限元法首次对正在加工中的空间相机主镜进行力学分析,根据变形规律设计了几种支撑方案,从中选定了主镜的最终支撑结构。镜面面形的加工精度实现PV值λ／10,MS值λ／62。满足使用要求。     

聚酰亚胺基二阶非线性光学材料

二阶非线性光学材料作为光电子中的关键材料已引起了研究人员极大的兴趣。而聚酰亚胺作为一种二阶非线性光学材料的基体除了具备有机聚合物的共有优点如易加工成型外,还比其它聚合物基二阶非线怀光学材料具有更高的玻璃化转变温度,更优异的耐热性能、电性能和机械性能,是目前被选用最多的二阶非线性光学材料的聚合物基体之一。本文对近年来聚酰亚胺基二阶非线性光学材料的制备、性能研究以及极化松驰方面的研究进展进行了评述。     

大面积镜面不锈钢幕墙施工质量控制技术

针对镜面不锈钢幕墙板材加工平整度要求高、运输过程易变形、吊装易损坏等问题，本文结合大面积不锈钢幕墙材料及幕墙结构特点，研发了镜面不锈钢瓦楞支撑装置、镜面不锈钢成品保护装置和镜面不锈钢附着提升装置，对幕墙板材和龙骨等主要材料的加工、运输、存放到安装阶段全过程质量进行有效控制；通过测量机器人垂直定位技术，有效提高了幕墙龙骨和镜面不锈钢板安装精度，大大提升了施工质量。     

碳化硅表面改性和光学镜面加工的研究现状

为了获得满足光学应用要求的碳化硅光学镜面, 通常采取碳化硅表面改性和改进光学镜面加工的方法. 碳化硅表面改性的主要方式是在碳化硅表面镀致密化涂层. 本文介绍了在碳化硅表面化学气相沉积碳化硅和物理气相沉积硅两种碳化硅表面改性技术, 并对碳化硅光学镜面加工的研究现状进行了综述.     

SAFBM of Softer Materials: An Investigation into the Micro-Cutting Mechanisms and the Evolution of Roughness Profile

Swirling Fluidized Bed Machining (SAFBM) is a nontraditional machining process and novel variant of Fluidized Bed Machining (FBM) in which the former has overcome certain drawbacks of the latter such as roughness variation and shading effect. SAFBM generates significant material removal and surface finish on the workpiece surface during the machining process with consistency and flexibility. The present detailed study emphasizes on the machining of softer materials such as brass and aluminum using abrasive particles such as silicon carbide in order to analyze the effect of various micro-cutting mechanisms on the generation of surface texture. This study examines the evolution of surface roughness profile after progressive machining with abrasives ranging from coarse, medium and fine grades of SiC with the help of optical microscopic images of the machined surface. The research concludes that using SAFBM, flat and uniform surface finishing with modification ratio in terms of roughness parameters ranging from 5 to 7 is possible within 7–8 hours of processing.     

光学微结构的超精密加工技术

微结构光学元件在光电产品及光通讯产品中的应用日益广泛，采用多轴超精密机床加工光学微结构，可达到亚微米级形状精度和纳米级表面光洁度的高精度水平，详细介绍了光学自由曲面及光学微结构的超精密加工技术，并开发了适合超精加工微型槽和微透镜列阵的刀具轨迹自动生成软件。     

The Effect of Machined Surface Condition on the Corrosion Behavior of Magnesium ZM51/SiC Composite

This article studies the effect of surface finish on the corrosion behavior of magnesium ZM51/SiC composite. Four different machining processes were employed: single-point diamond turning, wire electrical discharge machining, grinding, and polishing. The machined surface quality was found to have a significant influence on the corrosion behavior of magnesium ZM51/SiC composite. The results showed that, in terms of corrosion current, charge transfer resistance, and double-layer capacitance, the polished and fine-ground specimens have the highest corrosion resistance whereas the rough-ground specimen exhibited the highest corrosion rate. The effects of the various machining-induced defects on corrosion behavior are discussed.     

Surface texturing on SiC by multiphase jet machining with microdiamond abrasives

The multiphase microabrasive jet machining is a new type of surface texturing technique using compressed air to accelerate the mixtures of abrasive and water to remove material. It is effective for surface texturing on different materials, and can also reduce the pollution and cost by recycling the microabrasive particles easily. Basing on this technique and using the micro synthetic diamond as the abrasive, a multiphase jet technique is developed for machining on silicon carbide (SiC) surfaces. The processing results are compared to other abrasives, and influences of the processing parameters such as jet distance, jet pressure, abrasive concentration, particle size, and jet angle are investigated experimentally. The improvement on machining quality and efficiency are confirmed.     

2D-C/SiC高速深磨磨削特性及去除机制

采用树脂结合剂金刚石砂轮, 通过对2D-C/SiC复合材料高速深磨磨削加工, 并对磨削表面形貌和亚表面损伤进行了观察。提出了2D-C/SiC摩擦层(表面)的磨削力理论公式, 讨论了磨削加工用量对磨削力和磨削力比的影响。实验结果表明, 2D-C/SiC复合材料的高速深磨材料去除机制与其自身的微观结构相关, 既不同于塑性材料, 也不同于普通脆性材料, 而是以脆性断裂去除为主。     

Effects of Filler Concentration and Cutting Parameters on Material Properties and Machinability of SiC-Filled Epoxy Tooling Board

An experimental study was conducted to examine the material properties and machinability of a silicon carbide (SiC)-filled epoxy conductive tooling system (RP4037 CAST-IT^TM). Specifically, the effects of SiC filler concentration and machining process parameters (cutting speed and feed) on the physical and material properties, resultant cutting force, surface integrity, and tool wear were studied. Machinability evaluation was carried out using the end milling process. The study showed that an increase in filler concentration significantly increased the density, thermal conductivity, resultant machining forces, surface roughness of the machined surface, and tool wear. However, it had insignificant impact on the glass transition temperature, strength, or hardness. A decrease in material strength was observed with increasing cutting speed and feed. Increasing filler concentration was also found to degrade the machined surface morphology. Possible explanations for the observed effects are discussed.     

Optimization of Machining Characteristics for Al／SiCp Composites using ANN／GA

The present work is focused on optimization of machining characteristics of Al/SiCp composites.The machining characteristics such as specific energy,tool wear and surface roughness were studied.The parameters such as volume fraction of SiC,cutting speed and feed rate were considered.Artificial neural networks(NN) was used to train and simulate the experimental data.Genetic algorithms(GA) was interfaced with ANN to optimize the machining conditions for the desired machining characteristics .Validation of optimized results was also performed by confirmation experiments.     

基于轴对称非球面元件的加工模型研究

轴对称非球面元件具有优良的光学性能,在现代光学系统中的应用占有越来越大的比例,对其加工质量和加工精度的高要求给光学元器件的制造业带来更大的挑战。针对轴对称非球面的精密磨削加工系统中的金刚石砂轮加工要求,提出了合理的原理方案,给出了合适的加工模型,为平面砂轮加工非球面元件提供了可行的技术方案。