基于边缘检测的邻域加窗图像去噪算法

针对目前图像去噪算法中,消除噪声的同时又破坏边缘细节信息的问题,本文提出了结合边缘检测及邻域加窗的新算法.该算法采取平稳小波基以保持相位不变性,对低频和高频子带进行边缘检测,并将检测后的边缘信息选择后融合,即可得到原图像近似的边缘信息.依据小波方向性特点和层内相关性原理,对不同的子带在非边缘信息处采用不同的模板进行加窗处理.实验结果表明,该方法在降低了图像噪声的同时又尽可能地保留了图像的细节,较好地复原了图像.     

基于PCNN区域分割的图像邻域去噪算法

针对小波图像去噪方法中使用的NeighShrink方法,本文提出了一种有效的保护图像边缘的图像去噪算法.主要改进了NeighShrink方法中固定的邻域范围,根据图像自身的性质,自适应分割成不同的邻域对图像进行去噪处理;并进一步结合小波层内相关性,对各个不规则邻域加上固定的窗口,选择了几何距离更为接近且在同一不规则邻域内的系数,以完善NeighShrink方法.该算法采取平稳小波对含噪图像进行分解,以保持相位不变性,并对低频子带利用脉冲耦合神经网络模型进行图像分割,按照一定的规则将性质相似的像素点相接,得到原图像分割后的信息.在处理过程中利用得到的分割信息对边缘予以保护.实验结果表明,该方法在降低了图像噪声的同时又尽可能地保留了图像的边缘信息,是一种有效的去噪方法.     

基于二维EMD和小波阈值的掌纹图像去噪

为有效抑制掌纹图像中含有的噪声、提高特征提取的精度,提出一种基于二维经验模式分解和小波阈值去噪相结合的掌纹图像去噪新方法。首先,对含有噪声的掌纹图像进行二维EMD分解,得到不同特征尺度的本征模函数子图像;然后对中高频成分的IMF进行小波多阈值去噪;最后将去噪处理后的各IMF与残差图像通过加和进行重构。实验结果表明,该方法与单独的二维EMD滤波及小波阈值去噪相比,去噪效果更明显,提取的主线和细节特征更清晰,因而均方误差最小、峰值信噪比最高。     

基于改进多阈值小波包的去噪算法及应用

提出一种改进多阈值小波包的去噪算法,解决了单一阚值对噪声去除不完全和对一些有用信号无差别去除的问题。应用在智能交通的图像去噪中,解决了不完全及错误去除图像信息的问题。首先采用小波包分解重构算法对图像进行预处理,得到更多的边缘细节。然后针对不同能量对应不同频段的特点,自适应地合理设置阈值,对不同频段下的噪声采用不同阈值去除。实验表明,该方法有效去除噪声,保留了图像的边缘和细节。     

Fusion of noisy images based on joint distribution model in dual-tree complex wavelet domain

Source images are frequently corrupted by noise before fusion, which will lead to the quality decline of fused image and the inconvenience for subsequent observation. However, at present, most of the traditional medical image fusion scheme cannot be implemented in noisy environment. Besides, the existing fusion methods scarcely make full use of the dependencies between source images. In this research, a novel fusion algorithm based on the statistical properties of wavelet coefficients is proposed, which incorporates fusion and denoising simultaneously. In the proposed algorithm, the new saliency and matching measures are defined by two distributions: the marginal statistical distribution of single wavelet coefficient fit by the generalized Gaussian Distribution and joint distribution of dual source wavelet coefficients modeled by the anisotropic bivariate Laplacian model. Additionally, the bivariate shrinkage is introduced to develop a noise robust fusion method, and a moment-based parameter estimation applied in the fusion scheme is also exploited in denoising method, which allows to achieve the consistency of fusion and denoising. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs very well on both noisy and noise-free images from multimodal medical datasets (computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance angiography, etc.), outperforming the conventional methods in terms of both fusion quality and noise reduction.     

Multifocus noisy image fusion using contourlet transform

Abstract

Image fusion is a challenging area of research with a variety of applications. The process of image fusion collects information from different sources and combines them in a single composite image. The composite fused image can better describe the scene than any of the source images. In this paper, we have proposed a method for noisy image fusion in contourlet domain. The proposed method works equally well for fusion of noise free images. Contourlet transform is a multiscale, multidirectional transform with various aspect ratios. These properties make it more suitable for image fusion than other conventional transforms. In the proposed work, the fusion algorithm is combined with a denoising algorithm to reverse the effect of noise. In the proposed method, we have used a level dependent threshold that is based on standard deviation of contourlet coefficients, mean and median of the absolute contourlet coefficients. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method performs well in the presence of different types of noise. Performance of the proposed method is compared with principal components analysis and sharp fusion based methods as well as other fusion methods based on variants of wavelet transform like dual tree complex wavelet transform, discrete wavelet transform, lifting wavelet transform, multiwavelet transform, stationary wavelet transform and pyramid transform using six standard quantitative quality metrics (entropy, standard deviation, edge strength, fusion factor, sharpness and peak signal to noise ratio). The combined qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the experimental results shows that the proposed method performs better than other methods.     

Edge preserving filter of side scan sonar images with wavelet modulus maxima shift‐correlative technique

An edge preserving filter algorithm of side scan sonar (SSS) image based on wavelet modulus maxima shift‐correlative (WMMS) technique is proposed in this article. First, the proposed WMMS algorithm decomposes SSS image into multiscale wavelet coefficients. Then the modulus maxima, which are produced by catastrophe points, are extracted from wavelet coefficients. The algorithm matches these maxima across the different scales to identify signal or noise. After correcting the “drifting” phenomenon of modulus maxima, a correlation factor array of wavelet coefficients is constructed by strengthening the maxima dominated by signal and suppressing those maxima dominated by noise. By correlating wavelet coefficients with the correlation factor array, the WMMS strengthens the useful high‐frequency signal and weakens the noise. Finally, the algorithm restores SSS image from revised wavelet coefficients. We apply the WMMS algorithm to filter SSS images of the experimental sea areas. Results show that WMMS has advantages over traditional algorithms in suppressing noise and preserving useful high‐frequency information. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 21, 349–355, 2011     

Reduction of anatomical noise in medical X-ray images

The X-ray pattern of a mass of very fine non-distinguishable anatomical structures alters completely from radiograph to radiograph due to the unavoidable movements of the patient during the exposure. The corresponding image component shows noise-like behaviour and is therefore referred to as the anatomical noise. Reducing this component would enhance the quality of the clinical X-ray image and increase the detectability of radiological signal. We have found that by comparing two X-ray images of the same anatomy acquired under slightly different imaging geometry, it is possible to reduce the anatomical noise in one of the image pair. The proposed method, which allows this, is based on the appropriate attenuation in the wavelet domain. The values of attenuating factors for the wavelet coefficients are proportional to the correlation between the corresponding features of both images. This method was tested for different changes in the imaging geometry. In the case of no geometrical changes, only the quantum and the electronic noise are reduced. An effect of de-noising for the investigated images is obvious.     

An improved adaptive wavelet shrinkage for ultrasound despeckling

Ultrasound imaging is the most widely used medical diagnostic technique for clinical decision making, due to its ability to make real time imaging for moving structures, low cost and safety. However, its usefulness is degraded by the presence of signal dependent speckle noise. Several wavelet-based denoising schemes have been reported in the literature for the removal of speckle noise. This study proposes a new and improved adaptive wavelet shrinkage in the translational invariant domain. It exploits the knowledge of the correlation of the wavelet coefficients within and across the resolution scales. A preliminary coefficient classification representing useful image information and noise is performed with a novel inter-scale dependency measure. The spatial context adaptation of the wavelet coefficients within a subband is achieved by a local spatial adaptivity indicator, determined by using a truncation threshold. A weighted signal variance is estimated based on this measure and used in the determination of a subband adaptive threshold. The proposed thresholding function aims to reduce the fixed bias of the soft thresholding approach. Experiments conducted with the proposed filter are compared with the existing filtering algorithms in terms of Peak-Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM), Equivalent Number of Looks (ENL) and Edge Preservation Index (EPI). A comparison of the results shows that the proposed filter achieves an improvement in terms of quantitative measures and in terms of visual quality of the images.     

非下采样Contourlet变换域统计模型红外图像去噪

对红外图像进行非下采样Contourlet变换,分析其系数的统计特征,采用广义高斯分布来模拟系数的概率分布。根据非下采样Contourlet变换的带通子带各方向能量不同的特点,提出修正的贝叶斯阈值公式,为了克服软、硬阈值函数的缺点,又提出一种具有可调节自适应性的新阈值函数,最后利用新阈值函数估计出不含噪声的变换系数,并通过非下采样Contourlet逆变换得到去噪后的红外图像。仿真实验表明,文中方法在峰值信噪比及视觉效果上均优于经典的小波阈值去噪算法。     

一种小波域的图像增强算法

微弱图像具有对比度低、噪声高、质量差等特点,一定程度上影响了图像的观察和使用。因此,提出一种小波域的图像增强算法,通过对微弱图像多尺度、多分辨率的小波变换分离各维度小波系数,对低频小波系数进行直方图均衡化,高频小波系数进行Canny算法提取边缘,最后将处理后的各维度小波系数进行图像重构以实现图像增强。并选取了3幅微弱图像,将其经所提出的算法及几种传统经典图像增强算法增强后的图像进行实验仿真对比。仿真结果表明,在主观评价上,所提算法增强后的图像的细节更加丰富,视觉感受更加平滑自然;客观评价指标中信息熵的值也都是最大的,分别是4.989 3,3.741 5,4.796 1,信息丰富度最高;而峰值信噪比和图像质量测量函数的数据表明所提算法增强图像的强度适中,整体性较好。可见,所提出的针对微弱图像的增强算法能够在视觉效果上和图像信息上进行有效的图像增强。     

Median-prior tomography reconstruction combined with nonlinear anisotropic diffusion filtering

Positron emission tomography (PET) is becoming increasingly important in the fields of medicine and biology. Penalized iterative algorithms based on maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation for image reconstruction in emission tomography place conditions on which types of images are accepted as solutions. The recently introduced median root prior (MRP) favors locally monotonic images. MRP can preserve sharp edges, but a steplike streaking effect and much noise are still observed in the reconstructed image, both of which are undesirable. An MRP tomography reconstruction combined with nonlinear anisotropic diffusion interfiltering is proposed for removing noise and preserving edges. Analysis shows that the proposed algorithm is capable of producing better reconstructed images compared with those reconstructed by conventional maximum-likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM), MAP, and MRP-based algorithms in PET image reconstruction.     

印刷品水印图像的半色调算法比较

对Bayer抖动、误差扩散和绿噪声3种半色调算法进行了分析比较。利用离散小波变换将水印信息嵌入宿主图像,采用峰值信噪比对3种算法生成的半色调图像质量进行客观评价;用归一化相关系数衡量半色调图像提取的水印质量;以Matlab程序运行时间判断3种算法的计算效率;同时,结合人眼视觉对半色调图像质量进行主观评价。综合各种评价,结果表明:误差扩散是最适合小波水印图像的半色调算法。     

一种采用多个小波基的图像融合去噪方法

提出了一种新的基于多个小波基的图像融合去噪方法.首先利用多个不同的小波基对含噪图像进行阈值去噪,得到多幅恢复图像.然后对这些图像采用小波融合方法进行融合.对于低频系数采用基于边缘的融合算法,在多幅恢复图像中选择最有可能是边缘的点加以保留;对于高频系数,采用了平均的融合算法.最后得到一幅去噪图像.实验结果表明,无论是在视觉效果上还是在峰值信噪比定量指标上该方法去噪效果均明显优于单一小波基去噪.     

小波消噪阈值算法优化

在研究小波固定阈值消噪方法,讨论阙值估计经验公式的基础上,针对加性噪声小波变换后的统计特征,提出了一种自适应闽值优化算法,该算法可以较准确地估计噪声水平,在消噪的同时保留语音信号中的弱特征成分。通过仿真实验验证,优化算法较传统算法能够更加有效地消除语音噪声,获得最大信噪比。     

An efficient and high quality medical CT image enhancement algorithm

Aiming at the process of medical diagnosis, many problems such as unclear images and low contrast are often caused by noise and interference in the process of medical image acquisition and transmission. This article proposes a new image enhancement method that combines the wavelet domain with the spatial domain. First, we input two identical images (Both of the identical images are original images.) in which the first image is enhanced by histogram equalization. Then, the two images are divided into four sub-images by a two-dimensional wavelet transform. The average of the low-frequency coefficients of the low-frequency sub-images of the two images is taken as the low-frequency coefficients of the final reconstruction. Second, aiming at the problem that the contrast may be too low, the fourth high-frequency sub-image is blurred (sharpened) twice. The fourth high-frequency sub-image after blurring is denoised by median filtering. Finally, the four sub-images are fused to obtain the enhanced image. The experimental results show that the peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity, and processing time of the proposed algorithm are better than those of other contrast algorithms, especially the processing time. These objective indicators show that the proposed algorithm can not only effectively suppress noise but also significantly enhance the contrast. Subjectively, compared with other algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieves a better visual effect and greatly reduces the processing time.     

Electrocardiogram de-noising based on forward wavelet transform translation invariant application in bionic wavelet domain

In this paper, we propose a new technique of Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal de-noising based on thresholding of the coefficients obtained from the application of the Forward Wavelet Transform Translation Invariant (FWT_TI) to each Bionic Wavelet coefficient. The De-noise De-noised ECG is obtained from the application of the inverse of BWT (B W T ^?1) to the de-noise de-noised bionic wavelet coefficients. For evaluating this new proposed de-noising technique, we have compared it to a thresholding technique in the FWT_TI domain. Preliminary tests of the application of the two de-noising techniques were constructed on a number of ECG signals taken from MIT-BIH database. The obtained results from Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and Mean Square Error (MSE) computations showed that our proposed de-noising technique outperforms the second technique. We have also compared the proposed technique to the thresholding technique in the bionic wavelet domain and this comparison was performed by SNR improvement computing. The obtained results from this evaluation showed that the proposed technique also outperforms the de-noising technique based on bionic wavelet coefficients thresholding.     

Image SR-based NLM and DCNN improved IBP with cubic B-spline

ABSTRACT

Image super-resolution (SR) techniques aim to estimate high-resolution (HR) image from low-resolution (LR) image. Existing SR method has slow convergence and recovery of high-frequency details are inaccurate. To overcome these issues, two algorithms have been proposed for image SR based on non-local means improved iterative back projection (NLM-IIBP), deep convolutional neural network improved iterative back projection (DCNN-IIBP) to produce high-resolution images with low noise, minimal blur by restoring high-frequency details. In NLM-IIBP denoised images have been interpolated using cubic B-spline interpolation and processed using IIBP based on guided bilateral method. NLM preserves the edges effectively, but does not consider high dimensional information and over smoothing during noise minimization. To further improve the resolution, NLM is replaced by DCNN. DCNN denoising method suppresses different noises at different noise levels. The proposed algorithms have been analysed and compared with existing approaches using various parameters to prove the effectiveness.     

一种结合小波变换和维纳滤波的图像去噪算法

目的为了有效消除噪声图像中的椒盐噪声、高斯噪声甚至混合噪声,结合维纳滤波的优势和小波分解各分量的特点,提出一种新的图像去噪算法。方法该算法先将含噪声图像进行小波变换,分离出1个低频分量和3个中高频分量,然后对低频分量进行自适应维纳滤波,对3个中高频分量用Canny算子提取边缘,最后将处理后的4个分量进行重构得到去噪后的图像。结果仿真结果表明,该算法对扫描仪引入的常见噪声均表现出较好的去噪效果,PSNR值均大于20 d B。尤其是对于高斯噪声和混合噪声,新算法去噪后的PSNR结果高于维纳滤波、软阈值小波滤波和文献[9]算法1~8 d B,效果较好。结论结合小波变换和维纳滤波的图像去噪算法,能够较好去除噪声图像的多种类型噪声,是一种较为优秀的去噪算法。     

基于小波变换的图像边缘检测算法的研究

在对经典的图像边缘检测算法深入分析的基础上,进一步完善了基于小波变换的边缘检 测算法.随尺度增加,边缘和噪声的小波幅值表现出不同变化特性,从而在低信噪比的信号中检测出噪声和边缘.实验结果表明,基于小波变换的图像边缘检测算法能够比其它算法保留更多的图边缘信息,鉴别出伪边缘,其精度能够满足基于图像处理技术的各种质量检测系统的要求.