电絮凝处理含油废水试验研究

介绍了电絮凝法的基本理论,通过试验确定了电絮凝最佳运行工况:电流密度为0.04 A/cm2,电解时间为15min.在此条件下浊度、CODCr油的平均去除率分别为52.7%、48.6%、46.2%,电絮凝效果优于药剂絮凝剂.电絮凝水处理工艺具有抗冲击负荷能力强,运行简单,出水水质稳定等优点.     

机动车清洗废水循环处理装置的研究

针对洗车废水的特点和国内外洗车废水回用设备现状。研制出了低成本、实用性强的机动车清洗废水循环处理装置,对该装置采用的工艺路线、主要结构及控制方法作了简要分析和探讨。实践表明,该装置能有效地去除洗车废水中的污染物、洗涤剂和异味。     

油田含油废水处理工艺及设备

介绍了某种油田含油废水的处理工艺和相关设备。含油废水经斜板隔油池 除油过滤机 超滤机处理后含油量由 2 10 0～ 2 30 0mg/L降至 1 6 4mg/L ,COD由 130 0～ 15 0 0mg/L降至 6 4mg/L ,处理后出水可再利用。     

新型三相离心机处理油田干化池含油废水的研究

设计开发了BKD-1000新型三相离心机用于油田干化池含油废水中油的回收。工业试验结果表明:油田干化池的含油废水经BKD-1000三相离心机分离后,油中含水率降至3.56%,油的回收率达到85.26%,排渣体积分数达到62.18%,为油田干化池含油废水中油的回收提供了理想的设备。     

水解酸化—BAF处理含油废水的试验研究

含油废水具有毒性大、COD浓度高、可生化性差等特点,对水体、土壤以及动植物健康都有较大危害。采用水解酸化—曝气生物滤池(BAF)两段式工艺对陕西某油田经过滤后的含油废水进行处理,分别考察了水解酸化段和BAF的运行效果,确定了BAF工艺的最优工况,并对影响系统运行效果的主要因素进行了试验研究和理论分析。     

以聚结技术为核心工艺处理油库含油废水的工程实践

对机场油库废水的水质进行了分析,针对其特点,以聚结技术为核心工艺,开发了一套油库含油废水集成处理装置.集成了不同的过滤分离技术,以纯物理的工艺对机场油库废水进行处理,取得了较好的效果,出水可满足<污水综合排放标准>(GB 8978-1996)一级排放要求.     

混合菌培养降解含油废水的研究

从哈尔滨炼油厂含油废水处理站曝气池的活性污泥中筛选出 39株除油工程菌 ,通过研究 pH、温度、溶解氧 (DO)、培养时间、油浓度以及营养盐等环境因素对单株菌、双株菌、多株菌和全混合菌除油效果的影响 ,确定出最佳运行条件。试验结果表明 ,在营养充分 ,pH为 7,温度为 30℃ ,油浓度低于 10 0mg/L的条件下 ,各组菌除油效率均达到各自的最高值 ,但全混合菌除油的效果明显优于其它各组菌 ,其微生物的共代谢作用对含油废水的降解更为充分和彻底。     

白银西含油废水土地处理系统的研究与工程设计

本文针对白银西含油废水土地处理系统,主要从实验研究与工程设计中工艺类型的确定、几种主要参数的选定、工程的预期目标等几方面进行了较详细的探讨。     

内循环A/O—MBR处理含油废水的研究

研究了在原有A/O—MBR处理含油废水的设备中加设内循环装置后,系统对废水的处理效果,系统中微生物的变化情况以及系统膜通量的变化。研究结果表明,设置内循环装置后,中空纤维超滤膜(孔径为0.45μm)生物反应器对NH3—N、油、CODCr和TOC的去除具有较为明显的改善,同时反应器中MLSS和污泥颗粒粒径变化明显。NH3—N去除率由原来的70%上升至85%左右;对油的去除效率最高可达99%。系统的膜通量在内循环装置中趋于稳定,一周后达到29.32L/(m2.h),并在一定程度上延缓了膜污染。在MLSS为6000～8000mg/L时,系统的处理效果较好,污泥平均颗粒粒径较大,膜污染的程度较轻。因此,设置内循环装置后,大大提高了系统的处理效果,保证了出水水质。     

油田含油污水絮凝投药自动控制系统试验研究

本文首先介绍了油田含油污水处理技术及絮凝检测仪原理.该检测装置通过测定悬浮液透光强度的波动来反映颗粒尺寸的大小,因此,尝试将絮凝检测仪用于监测油田含油污水絮凝过程和确定油田含油污水絮凝剂投量.经过试验证明,絮凝检测仪的检测信号R能够灵敏地检测絮凝状态的变化,为油田含油污水絮凝研究提供了一种新的手段.     

炼油废水处理中气浮装置的改造

介绍了茂名石化炼油废水处理中气浮装置的工艺及运行状况,针对导致气浮效果差的溶气罐水位自控系统失灵,刮渣机故障率高,加药点不合理,溶气释放效果差等原因,对气浮装置进行了相应的改造,提高了污染物去除效率,并为后续生化处理创造了良好的条件。     

柠檬酸生产废水处理工程改造

采用脉冲UASB-SBR工艺对高浓度柠檬酸废水处理工程进行改造.工程实践表明,改造后出水可满足《柠檬酸工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 19430-2004)要求.脉冲进水可加大进液管的瞬时流量,防止管道堵塞,提高孔口出流速度,使反应产物甲烷和二氧化碳迅速移出反应器,并能加快颗粒污泥的形成,有利于厌氧反应顺利进行,保证连续稳定运行.     

高含油化工废水处理工程实例

针对某石油化工有限公司排放废水中含有大量的浮油、乳化油等特点,采用水力旋液分离浮油自动收集排油组合装置、气浮一体化技术、水解酸化和厌氧-接触氧化工艺进行处理,经处理后的废水CODCr＜70 mg/L,油类＜10 mg/L.实践证明该工艺具有投资少、管理方便、去除效果好、运行费少等优点.     

某食品有限公司废水处理工程改造

某食品有限公司废水处理站原有处理设备陈旧老化,为减轻排放废水对环境的污染,在原有设备和构筑物的基础上,对处理工艺进行了改造,完善预处理、厌氧、好氧系统并加强深度处理,使出水达到《肉类加工工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 13457-92)一级排放标准.     

纳滤膜分离技术处理放射性污染废水的试验研究

以模拟核爆后放射性物质污染废水为研究对象,采用膜分离与离子交换组合工艺对污染废水中具有代表性的碘、铯、钚、铀等放射性物质进行去除。结果表明该工艺对铀、钚的去污系数分别为1.3×10~3和6.7×10~3,对放射性的去除率可达99.93％,满足技术要求。     

Effect of membrane characteristics on the performance of membrane bioreactors for oily wastewater treatment

Influence of membrane material and pore size on the performance of a submerged membrane bioreactor (sMBR) for oily wastewater treatment was investigated. The sMBR had a working volume of about 19 L with flat sheet modules at the same hydrodynamic conditions. Five types of micro- and ultra-polymeric membranes containing cellulose acetate (CA), cellulose nitrate (CN), polyamide (PA), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and polyethersulfone (PES) were used and their filtration performance in terms of permeability, permeate quality and fouling intensity were evaluated. Characterization of the membranes was done by performing some analysis such as pore size distribution; contact angle and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) microphotograph on all membranes. The quality of permeates from each membrane was identified by measuring chemical oxygen demand (COD). The results showed more irreversible fouling intensity for membranes with larger pore size which can be due to more permeation of bioparticles and colloids inside the pores. Membrane characteristics have a major role in the preliminary time of the filtration before cake layer formation so that the PA with the highest hydrophilicity had the lowest permeability decline by fouling in this period. Also, the PVDF and PES membranes had better performance according to better permeate quality in the preliminary time of the filtration related to smaller pore size and also their better fouling resistance and chemical stability properties. However, all membranes resulted in the same permeability and permeate quality after cake layer formation. An overall efficiency of about 95% in COD removal was obtained for oily wastewater treatment by the membranes used in this study.     

Tertiary filtration in small wastewater treatment plants.

Tertiary filtration can be proposed in small wastewater treatment plants with impact on protected water bodies. Rotating disk filters may be adopted, in respect to conventional sand filters, when low availability of space and low investment costs are the prevailing conditions. The overall objective of this research was to evaluate the filtration efficiency of rotating disk filters; to compare effectiveness with traditional sand filters; to analyse thoroughly the importance of particle size distribution in wastewater tertiary filtration. In the experimental activity, conventional wastewater quality parameters were investigated and particle size distribution (PSD) was characterized to discuss the filter effectiveness. The effect of design and operation parameters of tertiary filters were discussed related to particle removal curves derived from particles counts. Analysis of particle size distribution can be very useful to help comprehension of filtration processes, design of filtration treatments and to decide the best measures to improve filter performance.     

炼油废水处理采用BAF工艺的控制系统

介绍了炼油废水采用曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理工艺的工作原理,并对工艺控制系统的特点及要求作了简要介绍,控制系统采用SIMATICS7-300可编程控制器实现炼油废水处理工艺设备的控制。具体介绍了控制系统的结构、任务分配及实现、控制方式和程序设计思路,对阀类、曝气机、鼓风机和水泵采用了顺序控制、时限控制和条件控制相结合的控制原则。     

Mullite ceramic membranes for industrial oily wastewater treatment: experimental and neural network modeling

In this paper, results of an experimental and modeling of separation of oil from industrial oily wastewaters (desalter unit effluent of Seraje, Ghom gas wells, Iran) with mullite ceramic membranes are presented. Mullite microfiltration symmetric membranes were synthesized from kaolin clay and alpha-alumina powder. The results show that the mullite ceramic membrane has a high total organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand rejection (94 and 89%, respectively), a low fouling resistance (30%) and a high final permeation flux (75 L/m2 h). Also, an artificial neural network, a predictive tool for tracking the inputs and outputs of a non-linear problem, is used to model the permeation flux decline during microfiltration of oily wastewater. The aim was to predict the permeation flux as a function of feed temperature, trans-membrane pressure, cross-flow velocity, oil concentration and filtration time, using a feed-forward neural network. Finally the structure of hidden layers and nodes in each layer with minimum error were reported leading to a 4-15 structure which demonstrated good agreement with the experimental measurements with an average error of less than 2%.