Simulation of the Accelerating Systems of Cyclotrons for Applications

The results of a comparative numerical investigation of three types of resonator systems of a cyclotron for acceleration of negative hydrogen and deuterium ions up to maximum energy 30 and 15 MeV, respectively, are presented. It is shown that a vertical system with two half-wave resonators excited in-phase has the smallest active losses and the smallest differential of the amplitude of the accelerating voltage along the edge of the dees and is effective for accelerating particles at dual working frequencies.     

紧凑型回旋加速器中一种等时性磁场垫补算法

结合中国原子能科学研究院100 MeV回旋加速器中心区实验台架主磁铁镶条的垫补,发展了一种改进的多元线性回归磁场垫补算法.基于磁场测量系统实测的实验台架中心平面上的磁场分布以及有限元软件模拟数值计算的磁场,实现了这种改进的多元线性回归磁场垫补算法.该算法可适用于紧凑型回旋加速器中等时性磁场的垫补,以使所垫补的磁场满足回旋加速器束流动力学设计的要求.     

A Decade of Progress in Cyclotrons -- Frequency-Modulated and Isochronous

The advent of the isochronous cyclotron, capable of accelerating a wide selection of particles with energies variable up to limits previously inaccessible, has spurred the development of techniques leading to increased knowledge of orbit behavior and hence to external beams of greatly bettered quality. Among these activities are improved methods of magnet design, of field control and of beam diagnostics, novel means of launching the projectiles and more effective extraction schemes. Increased versatility has engendered new obstacles; e.g., space charge and charge exchange problems in the use of heavy ions. Advances in synchrocyclotrons, though still largely in the planning stage, reflect the present state of the art of spiral orbit machines. Increased current is the major goal. A variety of schemes for better axial focusing and higher repetition rate are under consideration. Beam stretching and improved focusing by grids or by einzel-type lenses have already been achieved.     

Beam Properties of Philips' A.V.F. Cyclotrons

Some Parameters determining the beamquality and energy resolution, will be discussed. Experiments have been performed, and results will be shown.     

Overview of Development Status for EAST-NBI System

The neutral beam injection(NBI) system was developed on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST) for plasma heating and current driving. This paper presents the brief history, design, development, and the main experimental results of the RD of neutral beam injector on the test bed and on EAST. In particular, it will describe:(1) how the two beamlines with a total beam power of 8 MW were developed;(2) the design of the EAST-NBI system including the high power ion source, main vacuum chamber, inner components, beam diagnostic system and sub-system;(3) the experimental results of beamline-1 on the summer campaign of EAST in 2014 and,(4) the status of beamline-2 and the future plan of EAST-NBIs.     

Status of Work on the VÉPP-5 Injection Complex

The VÉPP-5 injection complex under construction at the Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences is a powerful source of intense electron and positron bunches at 510 MeV, which covers all needs of the electron–positron colliding beam setups currently operating and under construction at the Institute of Nuclear Physics. The complex includes a 285 MeV linear electron accelerator, a 510 MeV linear positron accelerator, and an accumulator–cooler with beam injection and ejection channels. Intense work on the design, assembly, and tuning of the linear electron accelerator has been conducted in the last 2 yr. As a result, by August 2002 the linear electron accelerator was put into operation with all standard subsystems. By this time, the isochronous achromatic turning of the electron beam, a system for converting electrons into positrons, and the first accelerating structure of the linear positron accelerator were assembled and put into operation. All this made it possible to accelerate the positron beam up to 75 MeV. Preliminary results of tests of the linear accelerators are presented.     

Development of Comprehensive Material Performance Database for Nuclear Applications

Abstract

This paper introduces the present status of the comprehensive material performance database for nuclear applications, which was named JAERI Material Performance Database (JMPD), and examples of its utilization. The JMPD has been developed since 1986 in JAERI with a view to utilizing various kinds of characteristic data of nuclear materials efficiently. Management system of relational database, PLANNER, was employed, and supporting systems for data retrieval and output were expanded. In order to improve user-friendliness of the retrieval system, the menu selection type procedures have been developed where knowledge of the system or the data structures are not required for end-users. As to utilization of the JMPD, two types of data analyses are mentioned as follows:

(1) A series of statistical analyses was performed in order to estimate the design values both of the yield strength (Sy) and the tensile strength (Su) for aluminum alloys which are widely used as structural materials for research reactors.

(2) Statistical analyses were accomplished by using the cyclic crack growth rate data for nuclear pressure Vessel steels, and comparisons were made on variability and/or reproducibility of the data between obtained by Δk-increasing and Δk-constant type tests.     

Non-Intercepting Ion Phase Measuring Equipment of the Isochronous Cyclotrons at Karlsruhe and Julich

A non-intercepting ion phase measuring equipment is in use at the Karlsruhe cyclotron. Five phase signals, steadily and simultaneously displayed are presenting a good survey of phase width and phase distribution versus radius. High noise immunity is obtained by the use of differential electrostatic pickup probes. Concerning the Jülich cyclotron a similar device with twelve double electrostatic probes is in construction.     

Research and Development Work on Nuclear Reactors for Power Production in Russia

The directions and content of research and development work on nuclear reactors for civilian power production, conducted in the USSR and in Russia presently, are presented. The development of technological directions of channel and vessel water-cooled reactors, fast reactors with liquid-metal coolant, gas-cooled reactors, low-capacity nuclear power for isolated users is studied.Continuity and development of new directions as factors in the present-day trends of nuclear power in Russia are discussed.     

Present Status and Future Prospects of the Work on the Moscow Meson Factory

The current status and prospects of work on the Moscow meson factory are described. The maximum energy obtained at the present time is limited by the existing powerful klystrons and is 247 MeV. The maximum beam intensity is 150 A. The accelerator beam is used for fundamental research and for solving applied problems. The average duration of the sessions is 2000 h per year. Three of the five branches of the proton channel which are provided in the design are in operation in the experimental complex. This includes the branch on the multifunctional neutron complex, which is to be used for, among other things, research on nuclear transmutation of long-lived fission products, Np, Am, Cm, and the electronuclear method of generating electricity. The first phase of the proton therapy complex is under construction.     

Status of Integrated IHX/Pump Development for JSFR

This paper illuminates the status of research and development on the integrated IHX/Pump concept. The integrated IHX/Pump is the incorporated component of the intermediate heat exchanger (IHX) and the primary pump. Among the innovative technologies of the Japan Sodium-Cooled Fast Reactor (JSFR) in the Fast Reactor Cycle Technology Development (FaCT) project, the integrated IHX/Pump concept is one of the major innovative ideas for plant economy by reducing the amount of material in the primary cooling system and the building volume. This report summarizes the view of the integrated IHX/Pump, a development plan, evaluation methods, and the present test results with the 1/4-scale IHX/Pump test device.     

Development Status of Liquid Systems for Stopping Nuclear Reactors

A classification scheme based on the most important indicators, including structural, is proposed for liquid systems for stopping a reactor. The development status of liquid stopping systems (systems which have been built and which are now being designed) for different types of reactors in our country and abroad is presented. The basic parameters and structural features of the systems are presented. Recent directions in the development of liquid stopping systems are noted: reliability of actuation, passive insertion of the absorber, simplification of the construction, integration of the emergency cooling and emergency absorber insertion systems, improvement of mixing, and prevention of the absorber from entering the reactor.The main directions of experimental research on liquid systems and the experimental results on propagation (mixing) of the liquid absorber introduced into the reactor volume and the circulation loop are presented.     

研究堆燃料的发展现状与前景

在过去33年中,国际降低研究和试验堆铀浓度计划已成功开发和应用了U₃Si₂-Al弥散型燃料。但由于U₃Si₂的抗辐照性能限制了它可能承受的运行温度与裂变密度,所以该燃料只适用于低功率密度的研究堆。U7Mo-Al弥散型燃料中的UMo颗粒与Al基体发生广泛的化学反应,将引起严重的肿胀与起泡问题。近年来,给U7Mo颗粒表面涂敷ZrN隔离层,获得防止反应的显著效果,使U7Mo-Al弥散型燃料有望应用于实践。U10Mo单片型燃料的芯体铀密度可达16g/cm³,辐照性能良好,但制造方法需进一步完善;应用中国核动力研究设计院改进的框架结构与轧制方法,能够控制UMo芯体与Al包壳具有相近的延伸率,从而可成功地轧制出合格的U10Mo合金单片型燃料板。     

中国核技术应用发展现状与趋势

通过大量数据调研和实地走访,总结了近十年来我国核技术应用取得的重要进展及其在提高人民生活水平和健康水平方面所起的重要作用,详细阐述了我国核技术应用技术与装置发展现状,包括电子辐照加速器技术与装置、γ射线源及其集成装置以及放射性同位素制备技术。结合应用实例,介绍了核技术在工业、农业、医疗、环保、国家安全等领域的应用和产业发展状况。分析核技术应用发展所面临国内外形势,展望了我国核技术应用的发展前景及趋势。     

核电人工智能应用：现状、挑战和机遇

近年来,人工智能技术被广泛应用于核电领域,以促进核电厂通过实现自诊断、自寻优、自适应,最终达到提高生产效率、降低运行成本、提高运行安全性的目的。本文介绍了在核电领域经常使用的人工智能技术,总结了其在智慧矿山、智能设计、智能制造和智能运维4个核工业典型应用场景中的研究现状,最后,从数据样本、网络安全、深度学习的解释性3个方面分析了人工智能技术在核电领域应用的挑战和发展趋势。     

水冷堆技术发展与我国核电开发战略

本文对当今国际上各种新型堆的设计特征进行了概要性描述，分析了各国在开发中注意借鉴过去的成熟经验与技术。加强国际合作，追求安全可靠性与经济性的基本特点；同时，对我国核电发展的国际国内环境及我国核电技术开发现状进行了分析论述。提出我国在６００ＭＷ攻关的基础上，近期开发ＡＣ－６００压水推，随着核电设计技术与工业基础的发展，中期开发大型压水堆。并结合重水堆引进，兼顾重水堆核电技术跟踪研究的总体设想。     

EAST全超导托卡马克装置失超保护检测技术的现状及发展

EAST装置是"九五"国家重大科学工程项目之一,做为世界上第一个全超导托卡马克装置,其纵场和极向场线圈全部由超导磁体组成,进行安全,准确,有效的失超保护是装置安全运行的首要环节。如何在全超导托卡马克装置这样复杂的电磁环境进行失超检测在世界上也无先例可寻。EAST上失超检测系统经过几十轮单饼超导线圈实验及两轮装置正式放电实验后逐步建立和完善起来,并已通过工程验收达到装置实验运行要求。主要介绍了EAST超导装置失超检测系统的基本结构和检测原理,同时还简述失超检测技术的发展并给出了实验结果。