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在第三代移动通信技术中,直接序列扩展频谱技术是其核心技术之一,通信系统的带宽是固定的,某些业务需要以很高的速率进行传输,因此对以不同速率传输的业务码流必须采用不同的扩频比进行频谱的扩展。在同一个小区当中,多个移动用户可以同时发送不同的多媒体数据,为了防止多个用户不同业务之间的干扰,必须设计出一类适合于满足不同速率多媒体业务,即3GPP标准中的正交可变扩频因子(OVSF)码。[第一段] 相似文献
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WDM城域环网中支持可变长分组的节点结构及MAC协议设计 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
WDM城域环网在升级时,信道数可能是不变的.本文基于此设计了一种新颖的节点结构,它由固定发射器和一组固定接收器组成.基于该结构,文中给出了支持可变长分组的时隙结构及MAC协议.由于实现MAC协议毋需专用波长信道,提高了资源利用率.理论分析和仿真结果证明了本文设计方法可以充分利用空间重用能力,获得很好的网络流量,分组排队时延及分组丢弃率.对于信道数较多,或者网络在升级时信道数也可能变化的情况,本文建议采用固定发射器,一组"准"调谐的接收器结构.该方案可在实现复杂度,网络性能及成本间取得折衷. 相似文献
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本文研究可变速率码分多址(CDMA)系统中的话务模型.由于可变速率CDMA系统中采用的正交扩频码是正交可变扩频因子(OVSF)码,信道的传输速率和可用信道的数目随着选择的码字不同而不同.针对用户的服务时间是时变的任意分布,我们运用M/G/K队列模型,用近似法获得用户平均延迟时间等话务模型的重要参数.文中给出了采用可变速率正交扩频码的CDMA系统的话务模型,以及相应的话务流量,平均延迟时间,用户平均停留时间等系统参数的计算式;得出采用可变速率的数据传输后,系统的平均延迟时间将比固定速率传输时增加了一倍的结论. 相似文献
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截短(shortening)是一种实现可变速率低密度奇偶校验码(LDPC, Low-Density Parity-Check Codes)的方法,其思想是通过删除校验矩阵中的一些信息比特,来达到实现变化码率和码长的目的.基于标准化通信系统所传输的数据中的已知信息,结合LDPC码的相关截短理论,对已知信息进行删除,设计可变速率的准循环 LDPC 码(QC-LDPC),以实现一种高性能、低复杂度、可变速率、可被多种通信标准采用的QC-LDPC 码. 相似文献
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提出了一种在分布式UWB网络结构中提供QoS服务的MAC协议.该MAC协议能够自适应地协调功耗与速率,设计过程分为资源分配和多路接入两方面.仿真结果表明,通过与功率控制机制及速率控制机制的比较.提出的协议在功率消耗,网络吞吐量及延时方面都有较好的改善. 相似文献
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Kyung Su Park Dong Ho Cho 《Communications Letters, IEEE》1999,3(4):91-93
For efficient code sharing among users, a wireless medium access control (MAC) protocol for CDMA networks is proposed, which supports connection-oriented, as well as connectionless, services and provides the various bit rates needed for the integrated multimedia services. The proposed MAC protocol allows mobile terminals to use multiple slots and spreading codes based on contention and reservation. Optimum frequency resources are allocated to the connection-oriented and connectionless services with various bit rates. Waiting and response times in the first contention are reduced, and the overall mean delay time is typically minimized in the case of connectionless bulky traffic 相似文献
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Kyung Su Park Dong Ho Cho 《Electronics letters》1998,34(11):1065-1067
A wireless MAC protocol for the CDMA network is proposed which provides the various bit rates required to support the integrated multimedia services. The proposed method improves the spreading codes utilisation efficiency by sharing limited spreading codes among all mobile terminals 相似文献
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Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is an important technique to support high speed transmission of broadband
traffic in wireless networks, especially broadband wireless local area networks (LANs). Based on OFDM, a new multiple access
scheme, called OFDM-TDMA with subcarrier allocation (OFDM-TDMA/SA), is proposed in this paper. It provides more flexibility
in resource allocation than other multiple access schemes such as OFDM-TDMA, OFDM-frequency division multiple access (OFDM-FDMA),
and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). With OFDM-TDMA/SA, a medium access control (MAC) is designed for
broadband wireless LANs. It optimizes bit allocation in subcarriers so that maximum bits are transmitted in each OFDM symbol
under a frequency selective fading environment. The OFDM-TDMA/SA MAC protocol also supports three classes of traffic such
as guaranteed, controlled-load, and best effort services. Based on the optimum subcarrier bit-allocation algorithm and considering
heterogeneous QoS constraints of multimedia traffic, a hierarchical scheduling scheme is proposed to determine the subcarriers
and time slots in which a mobile terminal can transmit packets. In such a way, the OFDM-TDMA/SA MAC protocol significantly
increases system throughput in a frequency selective fading environment and guarantees QoS of multimedia traffic. Computer
simulation is carried out to evaluate the performance of the OFDM-TDMA/SA MAC protocol. Results show that the new MAC protocol
outperforms other MAC protocols for OFDM-based wireless LANs.
This work was supported by the State of Georgia Yamacraw Project (E21-105). 相似文献
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An FDD wideband CDMA MAC protocol with minimum-power allocation and GPS-scheduling for wireless wide area multimedia networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Xudong Wang 《Mobile Computing, IEEE Transactions on》2005,4(1):16-28
A frequency division duplex (FDD) wideband code division multiple access (CDMA) medium access control (MAC) protocol is developed for wireless wide area multimedia networks. In order to reach the maximum system capacity and guarantee the heterogeneous bit error rates (BERs) of multimedia traffic, a minimum-power allocation algorithm is first derived, where both multicode (MC) and orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) transmissions are assumed. Based on the minimum-power allocation algorithm, a multimedia wideband CDMA generalized processor sharing (GPS) scheduling scheme is proposed. It provides fair queueing to multimedia traffic with different QoS constraints. It also takes into account the limited number of code channels for each user and the variable system capacity due to interference experienced by users in a CDMA network. To control the admission of real-time connections, a connection admission control (CAC) scheme is proposed, in which the effective bandwidth admission region is derived based on the minimum-power allocation algorithm. With the proposed resource management algorithms, the MAC protocol significantly increases system throughput, guarantees BER, and improves QoS metrics of multimedia traffic. 相似文献
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In future wireless multimedia networks, there will be a mixture of different traffic classes which have their own maximum tolerable bit error rate (BER) requirements. In this paper, a novel medium access control (MAC) protocol called wireless multimedia access control protocol with BER scheduling (in short form, WISPER) for CDMA-based systems is proposed. WISPER utilizes the novel idea of scheduling the transmission of multimedia packets according to their BER requirements. The scheduler assigns priorities to the packets, and performs an iterative procedure to determine a good accommodation of the highest-priority packets in the slots of a frame so that packets with equal or similar BER requirements are transmitted in the same slots. The proposed WISPER protocol has been validated using a software emulator on the cellular environment. Performance evaluation results based on the implementation are also included 相似文献
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A packet reservation multiple access (PRMA)-based algorithm for multimedia wireless system 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The major issue in the wireless multimedia system design is the selection of a suitable channel sharing media access control (MAC) protocol. The design challenge is to identify a wireless "multimedia capable" MAC protocol that provides a sufficient degree of transparency for many different kinds of services. This protocol should guarantee different quality of service (QoS) parameters for different types of traffic while in the same time achieving high throughput. In this paper a MAC protocol to serve different kinds of traffic, namely voice, data, and, real time variable bit rate (rt-VBR) video is proposed. The transmission time scale is divided into frames. Each frame is subdivided into N time slots. In this protocol, a fixed number of slots M out of 150 time slots are reserved at the beginning of every frame to transmit some of the video packets arriving during the frame interval. The rest of the video packets contend with the voice and data packets for the remaining time slots of this frame as in normal packet reservation multiple access (PRMA). One objective of this paper is to find the optimum value of M allowing the maximum number of voice and data users to share the RF channel with one video user. Another objective is to find the optimum permission probabilities of sending contending voice, data, and video packets allowing the maximum number of users sharing the RF channel. The dropping probability requirement for video is examined. 相似文献
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Providing Quality of Service (QoS) is one of significant issues for multimedia traffic. One approach to achieve the requested
QoS is to characterize the traffic flows and guarantee their committed throughput. In a typical multi-hop wireless ad hoc
network, determining the feasibility for a given set of flow characteristics is challenging due to the multi-user interference
problem. To that end, this paper presents the following contributions. First, we describe a simple Aloha-like Medium Access
Control (MAC) protocol that enables each flow to maintain its requested bandwidth, and thus is suitable for multimedia traffic.
Second, we propose a bandwidth feasibility algorithm based on the Variable Elimination (VE) technique. The bandwidth feasibility
algorithm determines whether or not a given network can support a set of flows of certain bit rates. Simulations indicate
that our solution can precisely control the bit rates over all hosts while providing the throughput guarantees. 相似文献
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Chia-Sheng Chang Kwang-Cheng Chen 《Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on》2003,2(6):1159-1167
To enable multimedia real-time applications over next-generation wireless code-division multiple access (CDMA) packet-switching networks, previous efforts show a proper scheduling policy is the key to provide delay-guaranteed access services to various traffic types with different bit error rate (BER) requirements. Considering the support of the prevailing Internet protocol (IP) with variable-length packets in future mobile networks, we develop a mathematically delay-optimal medium access control (MAC) protocol over multicode CDMA (MC-CDMA) environments under the continuous-time assumption. From our investigations, we suggest that a good MAC protocol should be designed by using a proper single-server scheduling policy to guarantee packet-delay, and controlling the maximal number of simultaneous spreading-code transmissions to maintain the required BER. We further evaluate the performance of some MC-CDMA MAC protocols supporting QoS on BER and packet-delay, and show that MAC schemes conforming to our design rules give better performance on packet-delay when maintaining acceptable BER of various traffic types. 相似文献
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主要研究了无线ATM网络对MAC的需求,并介绍了适用于无线ATM的一种新的MAC方案。该协议支持不同类型信息传输,比如恒定比特率(CBR),可变比特率(VBR),可用比特率(ABR),未指定比特率(UBR)。另外此协议还提供了对宽带ATM主干网的无缝连接。同时也支持与ATM相关的QoS级别。对于该协议关注的各种情况的主要原理进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Efficient protocols for multimedia streams on WDMA networks 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper introduces a new approach to integrate different types of medium access control (MAC) protocols into a single wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) network system. The WDM network is based on a passive star coupler, and the purpose of integrating different MAC protocols is to efficiently accommodate various types of multimedia traffic streams with different characteristics and quality of service demands. Our integrated MAC protocol is termed multimedia wavelength-division multiple-access (M-WDMA). Three types of multimedia traffic streams are considered in this paper: constant-bit-rate traffic and two classes of variable-bit-rate traffic. Accordingly, three tunable transmitters and one fixed home channel receiver are used in the design of each WDM node. The transmitters transmit the three types of multimedia traffic streams in a pipeline fashion so as to overcome the tuning time overhead and to support parallel transmissions of traffic streams that emerge simultaneously. We further incorporate a dynamic bandwidth allocation scheme that dynamically adjusts the portions of bandwidth occupied by the three types of traffic streams according to their demands. Consequently the M-WDMA protocol achieves high utilization and efficiently adapts to the demands of the multimedia streams so as to guarantee their QoS. The performance of the M-WDMA is evaluated through a simple analytical model and extensive discrete-event simulations. It is shown that the M-WDMA can satisfy the QoS requirements of various mixes of multimedia traffic streams even under very stringent requirements. Moreover, we show that the M-WDMA outperforms conventional MAC protocols for WDM networks. As a result, we expect M-WDMA to be a good multimedia MAC candidate protocol for future-generation WDM networks. 相似文献