正交实验法优化氯甲基化聚砜／聚砜共混膜的季铵化条件

将氯甲基化聚砜(CMPSF)/聚砜(PSF)共混膜浸于三甲胺溶液中制得季铵化聚砜(QMPSF)/聚砜(PSF)膜.采用正交实验考察了季铵化反应条件如季铵化温度、季铵化时间、三甲胺浓度等对QMPSF/PSF膜性能的影响,优化了季铵化条件,制得了性能较佳的季铵化QMPSF/PSF膜.研究结果表明,在0.2MPa压力下.制备的季铵化QMPSF/PSF膜的水通量为31.35 L/(m2·h),对相对分子质量为31 000～50 000的聚乙烯醇溶液的截留率为89.6%.     

聚砜类分离膜材料及其改性研究进展

讨论了一些常用的聚砜类分离膜材料的结构与性能,从共混、共聚和表面接枝改性等方面对聚砜类膜材料的改性进行了详细的阐述,对聚砜类膜材料的研究与应用前景进行了展望。     

辐照接枝丙烯酸改性聚砜超滤膜

采用液相共辐照技术在聚砜超滤膜上接枝丙烯膜，通过改变辐照剂量和丙烯酸单体浓度可以获得具有不同接枝率的改性聚砜膜。实验结果表明，随着接枝率的提高，改性聚砜抗蛋白质吸附污染的能力显著增强，并且认为接枝膜的亲水性提高是膜污染减轻的主要原因。     

聚砜热相转移膜的研制

探讨了铸膜液温度、特性粘度、聚砜浓度、流涎温度和十二烷基苯磺酸钠添加量等对聚砜热相转移膜性能的影响，制得了平均孔径为０．８４μｍ、０．３４μｍ、０．１６μｍ的平板微孔膜。经扫描电镜观察，该膜具有对称的球状孔结构，为热相转移聚砜微孔膜。     

壳聚糖/聚砜复合纳滤膜的制备

纳滤膜在水处理过程中的应用越来越受到关注。本试验通过在不同条件下制备壳聚糖/聚砜复合纳滤膜,研究了膜厚度,膜干燥温度,凝固浴浓度、温度和凝固时间,交联剂浓度、温度和交联时间,热处理温度和时间等因素对膜性能的影响。试验表明制备工艺条件对膜性能影响很大,主要体现在温度、浓度和反应时间方面。最后通过试验,获得了壳聚糖/聚砜复合纳滤膜的最佳制备条件。     

聚砜类燃料电池质子交换膜研究进展

介绍了质子交换膜的分类，综述了主链型聚砜质子交换膜、侧链型聚砜质子交换膜、无机掺杂复合型聚砜质子交换膜等聚砜类燃料电池质子交换膜的最新研究进展，全面阐述了磺化聚砜的形貌、结构对材料物理化学性能的影响，并展望了聚砜类燃料电池质子交换膜的发展前景。     

聚砜类膜和膜材的改性

聚砜膜广泛应用于生物学分离上，但由于其蛋白质污染问题，导致膜的通透率下降，选择性改变。目前解决这一问题的办法是对膜或膜材进行亲水性改性。就聚砜类膜和膜材的改性情况作一概述，对比各种方法的优缺点，对聚砜类膜和膜材改性前景进行了展望。     

糖类和蛋白类物质污染聚砜膜的不同特性和微观机制

从多个角度对聚砜膜超滤葡聚糖和BSA水溶液时膜的污染特性和微观机制进行了分析和比较。实验测定了两种溶液的膜渗透通量随时间变化曲线;考察了气液两相流操作对两种溶液膜渗透通量的影响;对超滤葡聚糖和BSA水溶液后的膜进行了清洗实验;对超滤前后的膜进行了扫描电镜和XPS分析。结果表明,葡聚糖在聚砜膜面仅仅是沉积或物理吸附,而SA在聚砜膜面为伴随有电子转移的化学吸附。     

聚砜制膜液的相平衡及其与制膜的关系

测定了含不同浓度Ｈ２ＳＯ４的聚砜制膜液的分相曲线，用Ｆｌｏｒｙ－Ｈｕｇｇｉｎｓ理论对该体系进行相平衡推算，将Ｈ２ＳＯ４的影响归纳于Ｆ－Ｈ交互作用参数对相图的影响中，计算值与实验值吻合较好，考察了聚砜分子量改变对相图的影响关系，发现分子量的改变只对低浓度区的相图略有影响。高浓度区的相图没有变化，分析了Ｈ２ＳＯ４对制膜液的作用，得取了一些对制膜的实用意义的结论，并在相图指导下制备了两种外压式聚砜管式膜     

相转化法聚砜膜的结构调控与亲水化改性研究综述

从热力学和动力学两个方面对浸入沉淀相转化法制备聚砜膜的成膜机理进行具体阐述。概述了影响热力学和动力学的因素,如添加剂种类、聚砜含量、凝固浴温度及组成等对聚砜膜结构与性能的影响,这些因素主要是改变铸膜液体系的黏度,进而改变成膜过程中的相分离速率,最终决定聚砜膜的结构与性能。还综述了为进一步提高聚砜膜的渗透性能和延长使用寿命,对聚砜膜采取的主要亲水改性方法。     

PSF/SPSF相容性对合金膜结构和性能的影响

通过混合焓法预测并用相差显微镜表征了PSF/SPSF合金体系的相容性，表明二者为部分相容体系，合金膜中聚合物的组成和铸膜液中溶剂的性能影响PSF/SPSF间的相容性，进而影响合金膜的结构和性能。随合金体系相容性下降，膜的平均孔径显著增加，水通量增大而相应的截留率下降，研究表明，改变PSF/SPSF间的相容性是调节膜结构，提高膜性能的有效方法。     

聚合物浓度对PSF/SPSF合金膜性能的影响

用膜材料液相共混制备了PSF／SPSF高分子分离膜，介绍了聚合物的浓度对不同组成的PSF／SPSF合金膜的渗透，分离性能和成膜性能，机械性能的影响，表明聚合物浓度增加，合金膜铸膜液的粘度增大，合金膜的截留率上升，水通量下降，合金膜的成膜性能和机械性能改善，上述变化规律与单一聚合物分离膜一致，与PSF／SPSF间的相容性无关。     

Influence of solvent,Lewis acid–base complex,and nanoparticles on the morphology and gas separation properties of polysulfone membranes

A series of polysulfone (PSF) membranes were prepared using different solvents: dimethylformamide (DMF), tetrahydrofuran, dimethylacetamide, and n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). The PSF membrane prepared by NMP showed the highest gas permeability. The influence of propionic acid as a Lewis acid on gas separation properties of the PSF was explored. The PSF membrane prepared by the casting solution containing 25 wt% PSF, 35 wt% propionic acid, and 40 wt% NMP showed a superior gas separation performance. The gas permeation measurements indicated that incorporating 30 wt% γ-alumina nanoparticles into the PSF matrix resulted in about the respective 43% and 41% increase in CO₂ and O₂ permeability together with a rise in CO₂/CH₄ and O₂/N₂ selectivities (13% and 7%, respectively). Furthermore, by rearranged modified Maxwell model, the role and nature of the interfacial layer in the PSF-based mixed matrix membranes were mathematically analyzed considering a reduced permeability factor.     

Polyvinyl alcohol/polysulfone (PVA/PSF) hollow fiber composite membranes for pervaporation separation of ethanol/water solution

Polysulfone (PSF) hollow fiber membranes were spun by phase‐inversion method from 29 wt % solids of 29 : 65 : 6 PSF/NMP/glycerol and 29 : 64 : 7 PSF/DMAc/glycol using 93.5 : 6.5 NMP/water and 94.5 : 5.5 DMAc/water as bore fluids, respectively, while the external coagulant was water. Polyvinyl alcohol/polysulfone (PVA/PSF) hollow fiber composite membranes were prepared after PSF hollow fiber membranes were coated using different PVA aqueous solutions, which were composed of PVA, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO₉), maleic acid (MAC), and water. Two coating methods (dip coating and vacuum coating) and different heat treatments were discussed. The effects of hollow fiber membrane treatment methods, membrane structures, ethanol solution temperatures, and MAC/PVA ratios on the pervaporation performance of 95 wt % ethanol/water solution were studied. Using the vacuum‐coating method, the suitable MAC/PVA ratio was 0.3 for the preparation of PVA/PSF hollow fiber composite membrane with the sponge‐like membrane structure. Its pervaporation performance was as follows: separation factor (α) was 185 while permeation flux (J) was 30g/m²·h at 50°C. Based on the experimental results, it was found that separation factor (α) of PVA/PSF composite membrane with single finger‐void membrane structure was higher than that with the sponge‐like membrane structure. Therefore, single finger‐void membrane structure as the supported membrane was more suitable than sponge‐like membrane structure for the preparation of PVA/PSF hollow fiber composite membrane. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 247–254, 2005     

聚砜非织造布复合膜的制备及其空气过滤性能

为改善非织造布材料的空气过滤性能,采用相转换方法制备了聚砜(PSF)/非织造布复合膜.通过改变PSF、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)的质量分数和添加无机亲水纳米二氧化钛(TiO2)的方法,研究了各个参数变化对PSF/非织造布复合膜的影响.对复合膜透气量、过滤效率、孔径等进行了测试分析.结果表明:随着PSF质量分数的增加,复合...     

Liquid–liquid phase separation in polysulfone/polyethersulfone/N‐methyl‐2‐ pyrrolidone/water quaternary system

To construct a phase diagram of the polysulfone (PSF)/polyethersulfone (PES)/N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP)/water quaternary system, cloud point measurements were carried out by a titration method. The miscible region in the PSF/PES/NMP/water quaternary system was narrow compared to the PSF/NMP/water and PES/NMP/water ternary systems. The binary interaction parameters between PSF and PES were estimated by water sorption experiments. The calculated phase diagram based on the Flory–Huggins theory fit the experimental cloud points well. In addition to the usual polymer–liquid phase separation, polymer–polymer phase separation, which resulted in a PSF‐rich phase and a PES‐rich phase, was observed with the addition of a small amount of nonsolvent. The boundary separating these two modes of phase separation could be well described and predicted from the calculated phase diagrams with the estimated binary interaction parameters of the components. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 2113–2123, 1999     

电场强化制备荷电聚砜超滤膜及其性能

采用高压电场强化技术,结合相转化法制备荷电超滤膜.添加剂、溶剂与膜材料分别为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP K30)、N–甲基–2–吡咯烷酮(NMP)与聚砜(PSF),主要对膜分离性能受到高分子聚合物质量分数、凝固浴温度、电场强度等因素的影响进行了研究与分析.结果表明,高压电场强化不会改变膜的微观结构,但会影响膜的分离性能.实...     

Miscibility behavior of polyamide 11/sulfonated polysulfone blends using thermal and spectroscopic techniques

Miscibility in a series of blends, derived from Polyamide 11 (PA 11) and sulfonated polysulfone (SPSF) with different sulfonation degrees, 20, 44 and 70% has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy. The PA 11/SPSF(Na)_x blends were prepared by solution casting from dimethyl formamide (DMF). Differential scanning calorimetry has shown a melting point depression of the equilibrium melting point of PA 11. From the melting point data of the blends of PA 11 with the SPSF with a 70% degree of sulfonation, the value of the polymer–polymer interaction parameter χ₁₂ was found to be −1.1 at elevated temperatures where it was determined. Less negative values were obtained for the blends of SPSFs with lower degrees of sulfonation, indicating the role of the sodium sulfonate group to the observed miscibility. Dynamical mechanical analysis revealed a non single-phase system at lower temperatures, although the T_g of PA 11 phase is shifted to higher temperatures. FT-IR and FT-Raman spectroscopic techniques have been used to confirm the nature of the specific interactions involved.     

PSF/ER合金膜的膜材料对膜性能的影响

介绍了 PSF与 ER共混对合金膜的成膜性能和力学性能的影响。二者共混改善了 PSF的亲水性 ,提高了 PSF膜的耐污染性 ,并且合金膜获得比 PSF膜高的渗透通量。 PSF/ER合金膜中ER占 30 %时 ,可以得到一个满意的水通量 ,同时湿强度、成膜性能和耐污染性能也较好。     

聚砜改性环氧树脂复合材料热老化性能研究

以聚砜(PSF)改性环氧树脂(EP)为基体树脂,玻璃纤维为增强材料,采用高温模压成型法制备出PSF改性EP/玻璃纤维复合材料。结果表明:PSF能有效提高EP基体的热稳定性能;经200℃热老化72 h后,PSF改性EP/玻璃纤维复合材料的热失重率<1%,其冲击强度和弯曲强度呈先升后降态势,电绝缘性能仍然较好(其体积电阻率和表面电阻率的数量级仍保持在1012左右);该复合材料在高温绝缘场合中具有良好的应用前景。