不同电解温度下 NiFe2 O4基金属陶瓷惰性阳极的熔盐腐蚀行为

采用等静压气氛烧结法制备NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷惰性阳极,在不同温度下进行电解试验,通过分析电解试样的表层形貌及组织成分,研究电解温度对NiFe2O4基金属陶瓷腐蚀的影响,并对其熔盐腐蚀行为进行探讨.研究结果表明:较高温度有利于电解稳定性的提高及表面致密保护层的形成,在925℃和960℃电解温度下阳极较为稳定,槽电压维持在3.0~4.0V之间;在880℃电解温度下阳极出现肿胀和开裂,槽电压异常升高,Al2O3的溶解度较低,抑制了阳极与电解质熔体(尤其是Al2O3)的交互作用,降低了材料的耐蚀性能.     

铝电解过程阳极气泡的析出行为

铝电解过程阳极生成的气泡在排放过程中的运动带动电解质的流动,其流动行为影响氧化铝的溶解和金属的二次反应,对电解过程影响较大。采用透明槽进行铝电解实验,用高速照相机和摄像机记录电解过程中的气泡行为并进行分析。结果表明,气泡的生成分为两个阶段：第一个阶段为气泡在阳极底部的生长,第二个阶段为气泡脱离阳极底部在电解质中上升。在阳极电流密度0.7 A/cm2下电解,在气泡生长阶段阳极底部气泡层的最大厚度为0.4 cm,气泡生长到最大需要的时间为12 s,气泡脱离阳极底部在电解质中上升需要的时间为0.27 s。整个电解过程,阳极侧部小气泡不断长大、逸出,采用Matlab数学处理软件,用直方图均衡化方法处理摄像机拍摄的实验图像,可获得阳极侧壁的气泡的生成的清晰图像,用于深入观察和分析气泡的析出行为。     

硫化钠溶液电解氧化产生多硫化物的研究

报道了直接电解硫化钠水溶液水产生多硫化物溶液的研究,电解槽采用阳离子隔膜分为阳极与阴极室,阳极液为Ｎａ２Ｓ水溶液,阴极液为ＮａＯＨ水溶液（１ｍｏｌ／ｄｍ＾３）分析了影响电解槽槽电压各成分的分布情况,结果表明,电解温度在６１℃时,槽电压可控制在０．９～１．２Ｖ之间,电流密度２０～３０ｍＡ／ｃｍ＾２之间,阳极过电位在０．４Ｖ以下,研究了电解温度,电解时间,硫化钠溶液浓度及电流密度对多硫化物生成效率的影     

阳极氧化硫酸铅膜的固相电解还原机理探讨

铅酸电池废旧铅膏的回收问题一直是当前科学工作者关注的重要问题,同时废旧铅膏中硫酸铅作为最难处理的成分之一,其具体的固相电解还原过程可行性和作用机理尚不明确。从废旧铅膏的固相电解还原为出发点,着重研究硫酸铅的固相电解还原机理和实际可行性。采用循环伏安曲线在铅电极表面阳极氧化形成硫酸铅膜,利用线性扫描伏安和恒电位阶跃方法研究硫酸铅膜在40℃、200g/L的(NH_4)_2SO_4溶液中的阴极还原过程。结果表明,硫酸铅电解还原过程遵循扩散控制下的三维瞬时形核与生长机理,计算得到对应的交换电流密度为2.753×10~(-9) A/cm~2,表观传递系数为0.314 7。模拟硫酸铅在200A/m~2电流密度下的固相电解试验。结果表明电解产物中铅元素质量分数占比为97.2%。即使在还原后期有析氢反应发生,电流效率仍可达到85.57%,对应的每吨硫酸铅固相电解能耗为609.6kW·h。     

IrO2·Ta2O5涂层钛阳极的研究和应用

在硫酸溶液中使用IrO2@Ta2O5涂层钛阳极电解时,对涂层中的Ir,Ta摩尔比、底层类型进行了研究,发现双底层、Ir与Ta的摩尔比为0.50.5时,涂层钛阳极的快速寿命最长,达889 h.且涂层表面没有裂缝.该电极已广泛用于高温、腐蚀性强的电解行业中.     

表面技术在半导体致冷器件中的应用

综述了热喷涂、电镀、化学镀、阳极氧化和内电解镀等表面技术在半导体致冷器件中的研究及应用,分析了各种表面技术的优缺点,并指出了在半导体致冷组件中应用表面技术的发展趋势.     

IrO_2·Ta_2O_5涂层钛阳极的研究和应用

在硫酸溶液中使用IrO3·Ta2O5涂层钛阳极电解时,对涂层中的Ir·Ta摩尔比、底 层类型进行了研究,发现双底层、Ir与Ta的摩尔比为0.5:0.5时,涂层钛阳极的快速寿命 最长,达889 h.且涂层表面没有裂缝.该电极已广泛用于高温、腐蚀性强的电解行业中.     

铝电解用NiO/Fe梯度功能电极的制备及其腐蚀行为

采用传统粉末冶金技术制备铝电解用NiO/Fe金属陶瓷惰性阳极,并研究其在Na3AlF6-Al2O3熔体中的腐蚀行为.结果表明,金属Ni与NiO陶瓷的润湿性能较好,NiO/Fe金属陶瓷的致密化容易实现,表现出相对好的耐蚀性.当分子比=2.3和氧化铝浓度近饱和时电极腐蚀率最小.     

铝电解惰性阳极材料的制备及抗腐蚀研究

本文制备了包括以NiO和Fe_2O_2为基的金属陶瓷和以SnO_2为主的氧化物陶瓷的惰性阳极材料,并测试了各种性能。研究选择了两种不同温度的电解质体系,一种是以NaF-AlF_3为主的高温体系,电解温度为960℃,另一种是以NaF-KF-AlF_3为主的低温体系,电解温度为800℃;在这两种体系中分别进行了电解试验,高温体系的平均腐蚀速率为0.0015cm/h,约是低温体系的2～3倍。     

电解法制备四甲基氢氧化铵的研究

在以四甲基氯化铵为原料,涂层钛阳极为阳极,不锈钢作阴极,Nafion 900阳离子膜为电解隔膜的条件下,通过电解制备了四甲基氢氧化铵,并研究了电流密度、原料浓度、电解温度等因素对产物纯度和电流效率的影响,以及电解液循环速率对钛阳极使用寿命的影响.实验结果表明,电流密度和电解液循环速率是影响电流效率的主要因素,而电解温度对产物纯度的影响最大,电解液的循环速率对钛阳极使用寿命的影响较大.用该工艺制备四甲基氢氧化铵,电流效率可达74.7,,产品中Cl-质量分数低于0.01,.     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent materialindustry(continued)

<正>Developing ecological lighting source The world is facing the big problem of energy shortage today and the contradiction between economy development and environmental protection is worsened.Therefore,people are more likely to choose an ecological light source that is more energy efficient and environmental friendly.The choice provides great opportunity for the development of rare earth optical material industry in China.The concept of green lighting positions rare earth luminescent material as a leading player in illumination market.The light source of both rare earth luminescent lamp and LED lamp is ecological and energy saving.This is why     

Galaxy Magnets achieved the net profit of 34.02 million yuan in the first six months of 2014

正Galaxy Magnet announced its financial results for the first half of 2014 on August 14.For the first six months ended on 30 June 2014,Galaxy Magnet achieved operation income of RMB 182.3 million,up8.40% over the same period of 2013,and the net profit attributable to the shareholders of the listed company of 34.02 million yuan,increasing 35.49% over the same period of last year.Stable performance increase was led by development of new customers and application market of magnets.     

Rare Earth Application in Steel in China

<正>China has rich rare earth resources.Output of rare earth and steel in China ranks the top first in the world.However,there is still certain distance between the steel produced in China and developed countries from the point of varieties and quality.China still has to import some types of steel.Improving the quality should be emphasiZed in future development of steel industry in China.Rare earth can be used to upgrade traditional steel     

China rare earth market review

正November 21~30,2014Due to weak demand from downstream industries,transactions of rare earth in Chinese domestic market were inactive.It was difficult to sell any rare earth products except for dysprosium oxide and terbium oxide.Suppliers lost confidence in recent market.Demand for rare earth products was soft.Consumers continued to take a wait-and-see attitude.Rare earth export market remained slow.     

稀散金属产业的观察与思考

分析了近年来国内外稀散金属产业的生产、应用、资源与市场状况.铟锡氧化物靶材、砷化镓晶片、锗红外材料、铼高温合金和硒在电解锰及玻璃的应用等已成为稀散金属的主要应用领域.稀散金属的产量快速增长达到历史高位而导致了市场的失衡.以GaInP_2/GaAs/Ge,CIGS和CdTe为代表的非硅系太阳能电池是稀散金属的新兴应用领域,将给稀散金属带来日益增长的需求.     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

2014 second batch of rare earth quota released

正~~