STBC和VBLAST相结合的MIMO系统

STBC编码是基于发端分集的传输方案,VBLAST是基于空间复用的传输方案;基于两种方案的MIMO 系统,在空间相关信道下系统的性能都会下降,但前者的性能会明显好于后者;该文提出一种折衷方案,将发射天线阵列分组,每组内采用STBC编码,接收端采用VBLAST算法。仿真结果表明:在空间相关信道下,该方案的误码率性能明显优于通常的VBLAST接收机。     

STBC与VBLAST混合编码系统中一种新的天线选择算法

多输入多输出(MIMO)系统改善了误码率性能,同时为了减少对系统容量的影响,提出了空时分组码(STBC)与贝尔实验室垂直分层空时码(VBLAST)混合编码系统中的一种新的天线选择算法.对部分VBLAST层采用Alamouti STBC编码构成的混合编码,MIMO系统同时具有STBC与VBLAST两者的优点.基于天线子集最大容量准则,提出的天线选择算法选择那些对系统容量贡献较小的天线发送多层STBC信号,以便减少STBC编码所造成的系统容量损失.理论分析与仿真结果表明,提出的天线选择算法能够有效地提高STBC与VBLAST混合编码系统的容量,并且与VBLAST编码的MIMO系统相比其误码率性能得到明显改善.     

一种自适应MIMO信号发射与检测方法研究

无线通信中的多天线(MIMO)技术是提高系统容量的主要方法,在慢衰落信道下可以将接收端获得的信道信息(CSI)反馈到发送端以提高系统的性能.传统的反馈-预编码方案奇异值分解(SVD)法但受空间相关特性和传统VBLAST系统对收、发天线数目要求的影响而限制了它在实际系统中的应用.该文提出一种自适应多天线传输方案,其采用了统一信道参数反馈模型和空时分组编码(STBC),实现了一种可以用于各种空间相关特性和各种收、发天线数的多天线传输方案可以克服SVD方案的以上缺点.文中仿真也验证了该系统的接收天线可以比发射天线少,并且能够在高相关性信道下工作.     

多径信道下基于空时分组码的发送分集技术

文章在多径信道下,提出了一种基于RAKE接收机的空时分组编码(STBC)方案.该方案将空时分组编码(STBC)与RAKE接收机的多径叠加相干检测的方法相结合,从而可以在频率选择性衰落信道下采用多发射天线实现发送分集.此方案获得的分集增益与由采用相同数量接收天线的最大比接收合并(MRRC)方案得到的接收分集增益接近,能够较大地提高传榆系统的可靠性.     

STBC与VBLAST联合编码方案研究

在多输入输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)系统中提出一种块分组编码与VBLAST的联合编码方案,该方案对最先检测的2层数据流采用块分组编码,其余层采用垂直分层空时码(Vertical Bell Layered Space-Time Code,VBLAST)的编码方式,MIMO系统同时具有了空时分组码(Space Time Block Code,STBC)可以降低误码率的优点与VBLAST能够提高系统容量的优点。块分组编码将数据符号按层分块后交叉通过不同的天线对发射,数据流之间产生了一定交织效果,使编码获得了更好的分集增益,在接收端结合QR分解的最大似然解码算法进行解码。仿真结果表明该联合编码方案与传统的Alamouti编码和VBLAST的联合编码方案相比误码率性能有较大改善。     

采用最大比率发射技术的天线选择系统性能研究

Alamouti方案(ALS)是仅有满速率的正交空时分组码(STBC),通过天线选择技术和优化发射功率提高其性能.若发射端知道全部的系统信道状态信息(CSI),文章提出在发射端混合最大比率发射(MRT)分集技术和发射天线选择(TAS)技术.基于信道增益系数大小的Frobenius范数最大的天线选择准则,系统选择瞬时输出信噪比(SNR)最大的天线子集{NT,2;mr}工作.采用MRT对Alamouti编码的双天线发射功率进行优化分配.仿真结果表明:采用混合MRT和TAS两技术后,基于ALS的多天线系统的比特误码率(BER)性能和信道容量均得到了明显改善.这一结论对有充足CSI的通信系统用于克服信道影响和提高系统传输速率具有借鉴意义.     

基于空时编码的MB-OFDM超宽带通信系统

基于MB-OFDM（多带正交频分复用）超宽带通信系统上，采用了两种特殊的空时（频）编码结构来改善系统性能。仿真结果表明，在修正的S-V信道模型下，该系统增大了传输速率，基于空时分组编码（STBC）结构的超宽带系统在低信噪比情况下可以获得较好的分集增益，而基于预编码的空时频编码（STFC）的超宽带系统的BER性能比单天线系统的BER性能更加优异．     

空时/频编码在OFDM系统中的应用

介绍了空时编码(STBC)和空频编码(SFBC)应用于OFDM系统,实现发射分集,并对基于梳状导频的LS(最小二乘)算法采用正交导频设计方案,把多天线信道估计转化为单天线信道估计,大大简化了运算。仿真结果表明,实现的空时和空频编码OFDM方案不仅误码性能良好,且具有系统实现复杂度低、接收机结构简单等优点。     

结合STBC的一种分层空时编码结构模型

本文讨论了结合空时分组码(STBC Space Time Block Coding)的一种分层空时编码(Layered Space Time)结构模型。VBLAST(Vertical Bell Laboratories Layered Space Time)作为LST的一种结构，其性能受到最先译码信息符号准确度的影响，本文通过在VBLAST的首层采用STBC结构，从而增加了第一层信息符号的分集度。在接收端，采用组干扰抑制同时结合STBC和VBLAST译码，降低了接收机的复杂度提高了系统的性能。仿真结果表明结合STBC的VBLAST结构模型性能明显好于传统的VBLAST。     

多副接收天线下的差分空时分组码系统分析

差分空时分组编码(DSTBC:Differential Space-Time Block Code)由于接收端不需要进行信道估计,可大大简化接收机复杂度,但是现有的研究大都集中在单天线接收。文章详细分析了DSTBC在多天线接收条件下的编码、调制和解调.仿真结果表明,多接收天线的DSTBC系统比单接收天线的STBC(Space-Time Block Code)系统,性能更为优越。通过比较可看出,在静止情况下或者中速移动但信道条件比较好的情况下,DSTBC系统完全可以作为STBC系统的替代。     

混合STBC-VBLAST系统天线选择方案研究

研究表明MIMO系统中接收端SNR是一加权卡方随机变量,其权值为相应信道协方差逆阵的对角元素。为获得传输效率和传输可靠性间的折衷,利用协方差矩阵逆阵的对角元素,提出一种基于最小平均误码率（BER）的混合STBC-VBLAST发射天线选择方案。通过与传统无选择的VBLAST系统和有选择的VBLAST系统的BER和容量分别进行仿真比较,验证了所提混合STBC-VBLAST系统天线选择方案的优越性。     

Robust Transmit Antenna Selection with Phase Feedback Over Correlated Fading Channels

A new transmit antenna selection (TAS) scheme with phase feedback for multiple-input multiple-output systems is proposed in this paper. This scheme allows two or more transmit antennas to simultaneously use one radio frequency chain. By grouping the transmit antennas according to their similarities in instantaneous channel coefficients into two subsets and treating each subset as a single antenna, both hardware complexity reduction and antenna array gain can be achieved. Compared with the transmit antenna selection combined with space-time block code (TAS/STBC) scheme, the proposed TAS scheme provides excellent robustness, in terms of symbol error rate performance, against spatially correlated fading channels. Moreover, the proposed TAS scheme need not use STBC encoder and decoder which used in the TAS/STBC schemes. Therefore, the proposed TAS scheme is simpler than the TAS/STBC schemes in practical hardware implementation.     

A low-complexity port selection and power allocation scheme in distribution MIMO systems

Information theoretical results have shown that Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS) can obtain higher capacity than Co-located Antenna Systems (CAS). In this paper, we investigate a downlink port selection and power allocation scheme in Distributed Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (D-MIMO) systems, where Distributed Antenna (DA) ports randomly locate in the cell. The contribution of this paper can be summarized as two parts. Firstly, we analyze how antenna correlation affects power allocation in D-MIMO systems. Secondly, based on large scale fading and antenna correlation, a low-complexity port selection and power allocation scheme is proposed. In the proposed scheme, we take both large scale fading and antenna correlation into consideration. Moreover, User Equipment (UE) only needs to feedback the rank of transmit antenna correlation matrix, which will not increase system complexity too much. Simulation results verify the capacity improvement based on the proposed power allocation scheme.     

BER performance of linear STBC from orthogonal designs over MIMO correlated Nakagami-m fading channels

This paper presents the evaluation of the average bit error rate (BER) performance of linear space-time block codes (STBC) from orthogonal designs over correlated identically distributed Nakagami-m fading channels. Starting from the moment-generating function (MGF) of the multipath component signals at the antenna array elements, analytical expressions of the BER performance for both integral and nonintegral Nakagami-m fading parameters are derived. Closed-form expressions of the spatial cross-correlation function for mobile nonfrequency selective Nakagami-m fading multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channels are obtained, which are valid for small angle-of-arrival (AOA) spread. In this expressions, various parameters of interest, such as the mean AOA of the signal, AOA spread, and array configurations, are all taken into account. The effects of antenna array configuration and the operating environment (mean AOA, AOA spread, Nakagami fading parameter) on the BER performance of the system are illustrated by several numerical examples.     

Adaptive STBC-VBLAST transmission for mobile WiMAX

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology can provide high data rate and substantial diversity. Space time block code (STBC) provides diversity gain and obtains signal of better quality even under bad channel conditions. However, it has no contribution to system average throughput. Vertical-bell laboratory layered space-time (VBLAST) improves peak data rate but leads to higher packet error rate (PER) at cell edge when the channel condition is poor. To get both higher system average throughput and cell edge throughput, an adaptive STBC-VBLAST transmission for downlink mobile WiMAX system is proposed and analyzed through system-level simulation in this article. The proposed approach compares the effective capacity of two candidate MIMO modes (STBC or VBLAST) and reports its decision to the base station with only one extra signaling bit. The simulation results show that the proposed approach can attain a balance between STBC and VBLAST. Besides, the cell throughput approximates that of pure VBLAST and the cell edge throughput is close to that of pure STBC.     

Performance of VBLAST Systems Based on Spatial Correlated MIMO Channels

1　Introduction　Recentinformationtheoryresultshaveshowntheenormouscapacitypotentialofwirelesscommunica tionsystemswithantennaarraysatboththetrans mitterandreceiver[1～ 3] .TheVBLASTarchitec ture[4～ 5] isonesuchapproach .VBLASTsystemstransmitparalleldatastreams,usingmultipleanten nas,simultaneouslyandinthesamefrequencyband .Withrichmultipathpropagation ,thesedif ferentstreamscanbeseparatedatthereceiverbe causeoftheirdistinctspatialsignatures.Inaflat fadingscatteringenvironmentwithindepen…     

分布式STBC-OFDM交织深度优化

该文在分布式发射天线场景下,考虑多径瑞利衰落信道,针对每个天线上分别采用交织分组子载波功率扩展的STBC-OFDM链路,提出了一种交织深度优化方法:根据分布式信道的多径数和多径时延,以最小化成对错误概率上界为目标,设置交织子载波分组的交织深度。在两发一收STBC, BPSK调制,由M.1225步行测试信道A, B组成的分布式场景下仿真,结果表明:当误比特率为10-5时,与传统方法相比,该文方法有1.5 dB的功率节省。     

On the performance of multi‐hop wireless relay networks

User cooperation has evolved as a popular coding technique in wireless relay networks (WRNs). Using the neighboring nodes as relays to establish a communication between a source and a destination achieves an increase of the diversity order. The relay nodes can be seen as a distributed multi‐antenna system, which can be exploited for transmit diversity by using distributed space–time block coding (STBC). In this paper, we investigate the bit error rate (BER) of multi‐hop WRNs employing distributed STBC at the relay nodes. We develop the general model of WRNs using distributed STBC, and we derive the pairwise error probability and an approximation of the BER. We examine the impact of several parameters, such as distributed STBC at the relays, the number of relays, the distances between the nodes, and the channel state information available at the receivers, on the BER performance of the multi‐hop WRN. The obtained results provide guidelines about the expected error performance and the design of channel estimation for these networks. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance of Layered Steered Space–Time Codes in Wireless Systems

Layered Steered Space–Time Codes (LSSTC) is a recently proposed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system that combines the benefits of vertical Bell Labs space–time (VBLAST) scheme, space–time block codes (STBC) and beamforming. In this paper, we derive the error performance and capacity of a single-user LSSTC system. The analysis is general enough to any layer ordering and modulation schemes used. In addition, the derived analysis is general for any LSSTC structure in which layers may have different number of antenna arrays and may be assigned power according to any power allocation. Furthermore, we analytically investigate the tradeoff between the main parameters of the LSSTC system, i.e., diversity, multiplexing and beamforming. Our results give recursive expressions for the probability of error for LSSTC which showed nearly perfect match to the simulation results. Results have also revealed the possibility of designing an adaptive system in which it was shown that combining beamforming, STBC, and VBLAST has better performance than VBLAST at high SNR range.