A/O生物摇动床处理石化废水的中试研究

采用新型Biofringe(BF)填料并结合A/O工艺设计了生物摇动床反应器,对处理石化废水的挂膜、运行稳定性和处理效果做了中间试验.结果表明:该系统在处理难降解的石化废水时,启动周期短,污泥沉降性能好,脱氮能力强,运行稳定.挂膜稳定后控制水力停留时间(HRT)为28 h,硝化液回流比为100%,COD_(Cr)、NH_4~+-N和TN的去除率分别为90%、95%和50%以上.反应器具有动力消耗低、抗冲击能力强和操作稳定等特点.     

A/O生物脱氮回流液中溶解氧影响因素的研究

A／O工艺处理废水过程中，回流液中的溶解氧影响反硝化脱氮的速率。选择回流比为3，回流液的溶解氧小于3．0mg／L较为适宜。     

高氮废水分段进水A/O工艺脱氮效果研究

采用5段进水A/O工艺处理高氮废水,进行了小试试验研究,试验时采用自配的高氮废水作为进水原料,考察分水比、回流比对每段出水氨氮、硝氮和总氮去除率的影响。结果表明:1Ⅰ、Ⅱ段由于进水中有机物含量较高,反硝化反应不完全,造成出水中氨氮及硝氮含量较高,后续段数随着污水有机物含量的降低,出水中氨氮及硝氮去除效果愈加明显;2该工艺中氨氮的去除主要是通过硝化细菌的硝化作用完成,且污泥有机负荷越小,氨氮去除效果越明显;3经5段进水A/O工艺处理后,出水可满足GB 18918—2002的一级B排放标准。研究结果可为国内外广泛推广生物脱氮除磷技术提供理论基础。     

高氮废水分段进水A/O工艺脱氮效果研究

采用5段进水A/O工艺处理高氮废水,进行了小试试验研究,试验时采用自配的高氮废水作为进水原料,考察分水比、回流比对每段出水氨氮、硝氮和总氮去除率的影响。结果表明:1Ⅰ、Ⅱ段由于进水中有机物含量较高,反硝化反应不完全,造成出水中氨氮及硝氮含量较高,后续段数随着污水有机物含量的降低,出水中氨氮及硝氮去除效果愈加明显;2该工艺中氨氮的去除主要是通过硝化细菌的硝化作用完成,且污泥有机负荷越小,氨氮去除效果越明显;3经5段进水A/O工艺处理后,出水可满足GB 18918—2002的一级B排放标准。研究结果可为国内外广泛推广生物脱氮除磷技术提供理论基础。     

摇动床A/O法处理石化废水的试验研究

生物膜反应器近年来广泛应用于高浓度生活污水和工业废水的处理.采用日本新型Biofringe(BF)填料与A/O工艺相结合,并利用生物膜反应器的优点,处理石油化工废水.结果表明:水力停留时间为30 h,回流比为2.5的条件下,石油化工废水中COD、NH3-N、TN的平均去除率分别为88%、99%、70%,出水水质达到国家污水综合排放一级标准.     

污泥运行指标对A/A/O氧化沟生物脱氮的影响研究

采用实际城市污水,研究污泥回流比、污泥龄和污泥浓度(MLSS)对中试A/A/O氧化沟脱氮的影响。结果表明:系统脱氮能力随污泥回流比增大而增强,大于90%时,NH4+-N和TN去除率没有明显提高,还会增加能耗。污泥回流比为60%~90%,泥龄为15~20 d时脱氮效果较好,还需根据进水负荷和脱氮效果进行调节。MLSS对工艺同时硝化反硝化(SND)有显著影响,当MLSS从3 000 mg/L增至6 000 mg/L时,NH4+-N去除率从81.7%增至98.8%,TN去除率从47.2%增至66%,SND/TN从19.8%增至37.4%。     

A/A/O氧化沟中DO对SND脱氮的影响研究

采用A/A/O氧化沟反应器处理低碳源城市污水,考察了DO浓度对硝化及反硝化过程的影响,分析DO浓度与同步硝化反硝化(SND)脱氮反应速率的关联性。研究发现,较适宜的DO浓度范围为1.0~1.5 mg/L,DO浓度降低会影响氨氮降解,硝化效果急剧变坏的临界溶解氧浓度范围为0.8~1.5 mg/L,而DO浓度过高则不利于主反应区SND脱氮,同时较多的溶解氧内回流至缺氧区会破坏其脱氮环境。当DO<2.0 mg/L时,NO-3-N生成速率与NH+4-N氧化速率之比与DO之间线性关系较好;SND随着DO浓度的升高而受到抑制,当DO>2.0 mg/L时,NO-3-N生成速率与NH+4-N氧化速率之比与DO之间基本不呈线性关系,系统中基本不发生SND反应。     

A/O/ASBR同步脱氮除磷实验研究

采用人工配水,通过控制进水p H值为7.5~8.2、DO为0.4~0.7 mg/L、污泥龄9~13天等实验条件,经过两个阶段共46d的驯化培养,在厌氧/好氧/缺氧(A/O/A)SBR反应器内实现短程同步硝化反硝化与除磷过程的耦合。系统稳定运行后,对一个典型周期内水质的变化情况进行了测定和分析,系统对COD、NH+4-N、TN、TP的去除率分别为94.8%、97.6%、89.4%、93.1%。在此基础上,探讨了不同进水p H、不同曝气量对系统运行稳定性的影响。结果表明:随着p H的改变,系统对去除氮、磷的稳定性呈现不同的变化趋势;而过高的曝气量,会造成系统内的短程硝化向全程硝化转变。     

A/O生物脱氮工艺的应用

介绍了A/O法生物脱氮工艺的特点,分析了焦化废水处理过程中进水水质、废水温度、溶解氧和pH值等对A/O生物脱氮工艺的影响。经生产调试和优化操作,系统运行稳定,各项参数指标控制在工艺要求范围内,出水酚≤0.3mg/L、氰≤0.2mg/L、COD≤50mg/L、氨氮≤8mg/L,达到国家排放标准。     

SFA/O工艺的处理容量及脱氮性能研究

首先,通过理论分析对A/O工艺及SFA/O工艺的处理容量进行分析,对两种工艺的脱氮性能进行评价。在此基础上,在高C/N和低C/N下,通过试验验证两种工艺的脱氮性能及污泥沉降性能。结果表明,SFA/O工艺在与传统A/O工艺相比,无论在处理效果及长期运行的可行性上,均存在明显优势。SFA/O可作为一种深度脱氮工艺可应用到大中小型污水处理工程。     

复合式膜生物反应器强化脱氮除磷的实验研究

在传统好氧膜生物反应器(MBR)的基础上,结合厌氧/缺氧/好氧(A2/O)工艺开发了复合式A2/O膜生物反应器,并对其处理小区生活污水中的氮、磷等污染物的特性进行了研究。实验表明:在各自合适的条件下复合式A2/O膜生物反应器可保证化学需氧量(COD)的平均去除率达到90.17%,NH4+-N的去除率可达到92.32%,总氮(TN)平均去除率可达到72%,而总磷(TP)的平均去除率达到71.23%。     

Pilot‐scale anaerobic/anoxic/oxic/oxic biofilm process treating coking wastewater

BACKGROUND: Biological treatment efficiency of coking wastewater is rather poor, especially for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia‐nitrogen (NH$_{4}^{+}$ ‐N) removal due to its complex composition and high toxicity. RESULTS: A pilot‐scale anaerobic/anoxic/oxic/oxic (A²/O²) biofilm system has been developed to treat coking wastewater, focusing attention on the COD and NH$_{4}^{+}$ ‐N removal efficiencies. Operational results over 239 days showed that hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the system had a great impact on simultaneous removals of COD and NH$_{4}^{+}$ ‐N. At HRT of 116 h, total removal efficiencies of COD and NH$_{4}^{+}$ ‐N were 92.3% and 97.8%, respectively, reaching the First Grade discharge standard for coking wastewater in China. Adequate HRT, anoxic removal of refractory organics and two‐step aerobic bioreactors were considered to be effective measures to obtain satisfactory coking effluent quality using the A²/O² biofilm system. The correlation between removal characteristics of pollutants and spatial distributions of biomass along the height of upflow bioreactors was also revealed. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that it is feasible to apply the A²/O² biofilm process for coking wastewater treatment, achieving desirable effluent quality and steady process performance. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

膜生物反应器处理己内酰胺生产废水

为了更加有效地提高己内酰胺生产废水生化处理装置抗高浓度废水冲击能力,在原A/O处理系统中采用膜生物反应器技术对己内酰胺生产废水进行生化处理。工业应用结果表明:由于己内酰胺废水中氨氮含量较高,膜生物反应器进水pH值应该控制在8.5～9.5,以保证系统有效的硝化反应,去除氨氮;当进水COD、氨氮的质量浓度分别控制在2 000、200 mg/L以内时,出水COD、氨氮的质量浓度分别小于70、15 mg/L。处理后的水质能够达到国家一级排放标准。     

Evaluation of the parameters affecting nitrogen and phosphorus removal in anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A/A/O) biological nutrient removal systems

Considerable research has been performed on biological nutrient removal (BNR) systems which remove the problematic nutrients, nitrogen and phosphorus, that cause eutrophication. This research focussed on setting up two laboratory‐scale anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A/A/O) systems and investigating their reliability while undergoing various parameter changes. Pump failure, in the first trial, R1, led to a decrease in pH, exposure of the sludge to relatively low nitrate concentrations and reduction of the suspended solids concentration within the system. This adversely affected the phosphorus removal efficiency. Shock loading the system with increased influent phosphate concentrations for 56 days was shown to aid remediation of the phosphorus removal efficiency to values between 65 and 70% (w/w). The second trial, R2, highlighted the presence of bacteria capable of P‐uptake under anoxic conditions (in the presence of nitrate). The characteristic anaerobic P‐release was also evident. The bacteria responsible for phosphate uptake under anoxic conditions are thought to be the denitrifying phosphate removing bacteria (DPB). However, the presence of higher nitrate concentrations retarded the P‐removal efficiency to some extent. Secondary release of P was evident in the clarifier of the A/A/O system during the R2 trial and especially during times of increased nitrate concentrations in the system. Between 20 and 40% (w/w) of the P taken up in the oxic stage of the system was released in the clarifier at various stages throughout the trial. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry     

两级A/O工艺处理生活污水脱氮除磷试验

针对传统A2/O工艺存在的泥龄矛盾,将脱氮和除磷分置于前后2套不同的A/O系统中,第一级A/O采用活性污泥法除磷;第二级A/O采用生物膜法脱氮。以生活污水为处理对象进行试验研究。结果表明,在泥龄为6 d、水温为22～28℃,进水NH3-N、TP、COD的质量浓度分别为40～70、2.0～6.0、150～320 mg/L条件下,出水NH3-N、TP、COD的平均质量浓度分别为5.9、1.0、40 mg/L,均达到了城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准(GB18918-2002)中的一级排放标准,其去除率分别为82.5%、69.7%、83.1%。     

A-A/O生物脱氮技术处理焦化废水的研究

分析了焦化废水的来源及组成,介绍了焦化废水的处理工艺和废水回用情况以及废水综合利用带来的经济效益。     

污泥回流比对A2/O工艺脱氮除磷效果的影响

污泥回流比作为活性污泥法设计与运行的参数已显示出比其它参数更加重要.试验以实际生活污水、生产废水为对象,考察污泥回流比对系统有机污染物去除效果的影响以及污泥特性的变化.试验结果表明:污泥回流比为80％时系统总体脱氮除磷效果最好,CODCr、NH3-N、TN、TP的去除率分别为92％、98％、81％、94％.在此条件下,...     

Simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from swine wastewater in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor

In this study, the performance of a sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) for removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from swine wastewater was evaluated. The replacement rate of wastewater was set at 12.5%throughout the exper-iment. The anaerobic and aerobic times were 3 h and 7 h, respectively, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the aerobic phase was about 3.95 mg·L?1. The SBBR process demonstrated good performance in treating swine wastewater. The percentage removal of total chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) was 98.2%, 95.7%, 95.6%, and 96.2%at effluent concentrations of COD 85.6 mg·L?1, NH4+-N 35.22 mg·L?1, TN 44.64 mg·L?1, and TP 1.13 mg·L?1, respectively. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification phenomenon was observed. Further improvement in removal efficiency of NH4+-N and TN occurred at COD/TN ratio of 11:1, with effluent concentrations at NH4+-N 18.5 mg·L?1 and TN 34 mg·L?1, while no such improvement in COD and TP removal was found. Microbial electron microscopy analysis showed that the fil er surface was covered with a thick biofilm, forming an anaerobic–aerobic microenvironment and facilitating the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters. A long-term experiment (15 weeks) showed that stable removal efficiency for N and P could be achieved in the SBBR system.     

Simultaneous removal of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater by coupling two-step anaerobic digestion with a sequencing batch reactor

The objective of this study was to develop an integrated process for simultaneous removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from industrial wastewaters. The process consisted of a-two step anaerobic digestion reactor, for carbon removal, coupled with a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for nutrient removal. In the proposed process, carbon is eliminated into biogas by anaerobic digestion: acidogenesis and methanogenesis. The volatile fatty acids (VFA) produced during the first step of anaerobic digestion can be used as electron donors for both dephosphatation and denitrification. In the third reactor (SBR) dephosphatation and nitrification are induced through the application of an anaerobic–aerobic cycle. This paper describes the first trials and experiments on the SBR and a period of 210 days during which the SBR was connected to the acidogenic and methanogenic reactors. It was shown that nitrification of ammonia took place in the SBR reactor, during the aerobic phase. Furthermore, denitrification and VFA production were achieved together in the acidogenic reactor, when the efflux of nitrates from the SBR reactor was added to the first reactor influx. The proposed process was fed with a synthetic industrial wastewater, the composition of which was: total organic carbon (TOC)=2200 mg dm⁻³, total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN)=86 mg dm⁻³, phosphorus under phosphate form (P-PO₄)=20 mg dm⁻³. In these conditions, removals of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus were 98%, 78% and 95% respectively. The results show that the combination of the two-step anaerobic digestion reactor and an SBR reactor is effective for simultaneous carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Reactor arrangements enabled zones of bacterial populations to exist. Complete denitrification occurred in the acidogenic reactor and hence the anaerobic activity was not reduced or inhibited by the presence of nitrate, thus allowing high TOC removal. Stable phosphorus release and phosphorus uptake took place in the SBR after coupling of the three reactors. A fast-settling compact sludge was generated in the SBR with the operational conditions applied, thus giving good separation of supernatant fluid. The benefits from this process are the saving of (i) an external carbon source for denitrification and phosphorus removal, (ii) a reactor for the denitrification step. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry