基于Contourlet变换的抗几何攻击数字水印算法

针对小波变换在表示二维图像时的局限性,提出了一种抗几何攻击的数字水印算法。该算法先用混沌系列对水印信息进行加密,再对原始图像进行Contourlet变换,然后对分解后的子带进行分块计算,选择能量较大的分块并嵌入加密后的水印信息,最后经过Contourlet逆变换得到嵌入水印后的图像。实验结果证明：该算法不仅对常规图像处理具有很好的鲁棒性,同时对抵抗几何攻击也具有很好的鲁棒性。     

基于小波融合和NPT的水印算法研究

利用自保留变换（NPT）的补偿与重构特性,提出了一种基于混沌置乱和小波图像融合的自保留变换鲁棒图像水印算法。首先利用Arnold混沌系统对水印图像进行置乱,然后利用NPT将水印图像嵌入到载体图像中,其中通过小波融合可以减小NPT变换引入的失真,再通过降噪预处理和迭代算法提取并检测水印。实验结果表明,该水印算法具有较强的安全性和视觉不可见性,对图像JPEG压缩、几何攻击和噪声表现出良好的鲁棒性。     

基于Baker映射与时空混沌相结合的CT-QR域双彩色鲁棒盲水印算法

针对彩色水印图像的盲提取算法抗几何攻击鲁棒性不强的问题,提出一种Baker映射与时空混沌相结合的轮廓波变换(Contourlet transform,CT)和QR分解双彩色强鲁棒盲水印算法。首先将彩色水印分离成RGB分量,对三个分量分别进行Baker映射与时空混沌相结合的预处理操作,然后对载体图像的RGB分量分别进行Contourlet变换,分块QR分解得到酉矩阵,最后根据嵌入规则将加密后的水印分通道的嵌入到酉矩阵中。水印提取时利用Radon变换对图像进行几何校正可提高其几何攻击的鲁棒性。仿真结果表明,该算法不仅使嵌入水印后的图像具有良好的不可见性,而且能有效抵抗加噪、滤波、JPEG压缩、剪切、平移、旋转、马赛克、篡改等攻击,NC值均在0.9以上,对组合攻击也有较强的鲁棒性。      

一种可抵抗几何攻击的Directionlet变换域盲水印算法

抵抗几何攻击是数字水印研究领域具有挑战性的课题。该文提出一种利用Directionlet变换构造水印同步信息的盲水印算法:通过边缘检测算子锁定图像边缘;利用拉格朗日定理求取边缘斜率;选取两条边缘,用其斜率构成Directionlet变换的采样矩阵;在Directionlet变换域内自适应嵌入水印,排除几何攻击对水印检测的影响。仿真实验结果表明,该算法抵抗旋转等几何攻击具有很好的鲁棒性能。     

Localized image watermarking in spatial domain resistant to geometric attacks

Watermark robustness to geometric attacks is still a challenging research field. In this paper, a novel robust image watermarking scheme is proposed for resisting such attacks. Watermark synchronization is first achieved by local invariant regions which can be generated using scale normalization and image feature points. The watermark is embedded into all the local regions repeatedly in spatial domain. During embedding, each circular region is first divided into homocentric cirque regions. Then the watermark bits are embedded by quantizing each cirque region into an “odd” or “even” region using odd–even quantization. In the decoder, an odd–even detector (OED) is designed to extract the watermark from the distorted image directly. Localized embedding achieves good invisibility and repeated insertion enhances watermark robustness. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is robust to both geometric attacks and traditional signal processing attacks.     

基于支持向量回归的Contourlet域盲水印算法

为进一步提高基于支持向量机(SVM,support vector machine)水印算法的性能,提出了基于支持向量回归(SVR,support vector regression)的Contourlet域盲水印算法。首先对宿主图像进行Contourlet分解,然后利用SVM建立图像尺度内的局部相关性模型,根据模型的预测结果自适应地嵌入水印。实验结果表明,所提出的算法不仅具有较好的不可感知性,而且对叠加噪声、JPEG压缩、锐化、平滑滤波和对比度增强等常规图像信号处理以及旋转、剪切等几何攻击均具有较好的鲁棒性,其性能明显优于基于SVM的空间域和小波域的水印算法。     

基于Tchebichef不变矩的多比特抗几何攻击图像盲水印算法

现有的大多数水印算法对旋转、平移和尺度变换等几何攻击的鲁棒性比较差,微小的几何攻击都有能导致水印检测器失效,因此水印算法对几何攻击具有鲁棒性非常重要。本文提出了一种基于Tchebichef不变矩实现的多比特几何攻击不变性图像盲水印算法。文中具体介绍了Tchebichef不变矩的构造方法,水印是事先产生的与原始图像无关的信号,嵌入过程中将水印嵌入到图像的Tchebichef不变矩中实现几何攻击不变性。水印检测过程中采用独立分量分析技术实现真正意义上的多比特水印盲检测。文中具体分析了所提出的水印算法的计算复杂度,实验过程中采用通用水印测试软件Stirmark对所提出的水印算法进行鲁棒性测试,实验数据说明这种水印算法对Stirmark具有很好的鲁棒性。     

基于Contourlet变换的抗几何攻击数字水印算法

提出一种新的基于Contourlet变换的抗几何攻击水印算法。利用图像Contourlet系数在不同分辨率下的父子关系提出“空间方向重要树”（SDST）的概念,进而确定重要系数并嵌入水印信息;利用新的仿归一化方法,通过计算并比较原始图像（水印已嵌入）与接收图像（受到攻击后）的特征量校正图像,达到抵抗几何攻击的目的。结果...     

基于QR码的Contourlet域数字水印算法

针对目前数字水印技术无法有效抵抗几何攻击的问题,本文提出了一种基于QR码的Contourlet域数字水印算法。将文字信息进行QR码编码作为水印信息。首先,将载体图像进行Contourlet变换;然后,将得到的低频逼近图像进行分块;最后,将每一位QR码水印信息以量化的方式对应嵌入到每一个子块中。实验结果表明,本算法可以抵抗任意角度旋转和任意等比例缩放攻击,同时对高斯噪声、Speckle噪声、均值滤波、高斯滤波和JPEG压缩攻击具有很强的鲁棒性,并且算法复杂度低;水印提取时不需要借助原始图像,属于盲水印。因此,本文提出的数字水印技术可以广泛应用在数字产品的版权保护中。     

抵抗仿射变换攻击的多比特图像水印

目前,大多数鲁棒图像水印所面临的最大问题就是几何攻击,而几何攻击又以仿射变换为主,攻击者只需对目标图像做轻微的几何形变就可以使嵌入其中的水印信息失效。本文在Ping Dong等人提出的基于图像归一化方法的抵抗任意仿射交换攻击的鲁棒数字水印的基础上,改进了原有的归一化方法,去掉了归一化过程中的约束条件,简化了归一化的过程。并且在此基础上提出一种新的水印嵌入方案,克服了文献[1]中水印方案水印不可见性较差的问题。实验证明,本文提出的方案对仿射变换攻击具有很好的鲁棒性,嵌入的水印容量较大且水印图像的质量较高。     

抗几何攻击的最低有效位数字水印算法

尽管最低有效位数字水印算法嵌入容量大,但抗几何攻击能力不足.通过分析几何攻击的原理,结合可视密码学和图像归一化技术,提出一种抗几何攻击的最低有效位数字水印算法.首先,利用可视密码学技术将水印隐藏到多幅图片中,同时仅选取一幅图片作为水印.然后对载体图像进行归一化,并以图像的几何中心作为中心提取重要区域.最后,依据重要区域的大小缩放水印,以增强水印与载体间的同步性,并从重要区域像素的低4位中随机选取嵌入位置通过异或运算嵌入水印.实验结果表明,算法具有良好的抗几何攻击能力.     

Robust image watermarking using local Zernike moments

In this work, we propose a robust image watermarking algorithm using local Zernike moments, which are computed over circular patches around feature points. The proposed algorithm locally computes Zernike moments and modifies them to embed watermarks, achieving robustness against cropping and local geometric attacks. Moreover, to deal with scaling attacks, the proposed algorithm extracts salient region parameters, which consist of an invariant centroid and a salient scale, and transmits them to the decoder. The parameters are used at the decoder to normalize a suspect image and detect watermarks. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed algorithm detects watermarks with low error rates, even if watermarked images are distorted by various geometric attacks as well as signal processing attacks.     

基于Blob-Harris特征区域和NSCT-Zernike的鲁棒水印算法

为了有效抵抗水印图像的几何攻击,该文提出了一种基于Blob-Harris特征区域和非下采样轮廓波变换(NSCT)和伪Zernike矩的鲁棒水印算法。首先原始图像进行两层非下采样Contourlet变换后提取其低频图像,然后利用Blob-Harris检测算子对低频图像进行特征点提取,根据各个特征点的特征尺度确定其特征区域,优化筛选出稳定且互不重叠的特征区域并将其四周补零,得到稳定的互不重叠的方形特征区域作为水印嵌入区域,最后计算每一个方形特征区域的Zernike矩,将水印信息嵌入在量化调制正则化Zernike矩的幅值当中。实验结果表明,Lena图峰值信噪比达到40 dB以上时,本文算法对常规图像处理以及缩放、旋转、剪切等几何攻击和组合攻击都有相对较强的鲁棒性。     

Geometrically invariant image watermarking based on fast Radial Harmonic Fourier Moments

In order to reduce the time complexity and improve the reconstruction performance of traditional method for Radial Harmonic Fourier Moments (RHFMs), we introduce a fast and precise method by using FFT and based on the which, this paper proposes a novel image watermarking algorithm which is robust to geometric attacks. We firstly compute the RHFMs of the original image by using the proposed method and select the robust RHFMs which are suitable for watermark embedding. Then the watermark is embedded by modifying the magnitudes of RHFMs based on quantization. In the decoder, the watermark can be extracted from the magnitudes of RHFMs directly without using the original image. Simulation results show the proposed algorithm provides an excellent watermark invisibility and can be resilient to geometric attacks and common image processing attacks effectively.     

Geometrically resilient color image zero-watermarking algorithm based on quaternion Exponent moments

Although research on zero-watermarking has made great progress in recent years, most of it has been focused on grayscale images rather than color ones, and cannot resist geometric attacks efficiently. In this paper, we discuss properties of quaternion Exponent moments (QEMs) in detail and propose a robust color image zero-watermarking algorithm which is robust to geometric attacks. We first compute and select robust QEMs of the original color image, and then a binary feature image is constructed using the magnitude of the selected moments. Eventually, a bitwise exclusive-or is applied on the binary feature image and a scrambled binary logo to generate the zero-watermark image. Experimental results show that the proposed zero-watermarking algorithm is robust to both geometric attacks and common image processing attacks effectively. Compared to similar zero-watermarking algorithms and traditional watermarking algorithms based on QEMs, the proposed zero-watermarking algorithm has better performance.     

基于混沌置乱和混沌加密的DCT域数字水印算法

把混沌理论应用到图像置乱中,提出了基于混沌的数字图像置乱算法.利用混沌加密算法来对水印数据进行加密,能有效防止攻击者根据统计学方法来检测到水印.然后,对载体图像进行DCT变换,并在DCT域上嵌入水印.通过抗攻击仿真实验表明,该数字水印算法具有较强的抗剪切攻击和噪声攻击能力.     

A Novel DIBR 3D Image Watermarking Algorithm Resist to Geometrical Attacks

A histogram shape based method is utilized to design watermarking algorithm to protect the Depthimage- based rendering (DIBR) 3D images. To make the watermarking method robust to common attacks, much more suitable pixel groups are selected for watermark embedding which are insensitive to geometric attacks. Taking into account the adjusting of baseline distance in DIBR process might affect the watermarking extraction, a postprocessing is proposed after DIBR process to make the proposed watermarking method much more robust to DIBR process. As the experimental results shown, the proposed method is much more robust to the geometric attacks and combined attacks compared with existing methods. In addition, the proposed watermarking method also has good robustness to the adjusting of baseline distance and depth image blurred.     

基于压缩传感的自同步图像水印算法

针对目前基于压缩传感水印算法存在的抗几何攻击性能不足的现状,提出了一种基于压缩传感的自同步图像水印算法.算法将水印信息和同步信号嵌入原始图像稀疏化后的观测域中,使水印具有自同步能力.同时利用观测值局部特性,有效提高了在观测域中搜索同步信号的效率,较好地解决了同步信号鲁棒性和搜索量之间的矛盾.实验结果表明,该算法对于常规图像处理攻击和几何攻击均具有较强的鲁棒性,同时抗提取实验表明,该算法能有效抵抗非法提取水印信息,增加了安全性.     

基于纹理特征的鲁棒图像水印算法研究

文章提出了一种新的基于图像纹理特征分块的鲁棒水印算法.算法提取载体图像抗攻击性较强的特征向量,对其进行分级聚类分析,从而自适应地确定水印嵌入的最佳区域.为了在保证水印不可见感知的前提下最大限度地提高水印的嵌入能量,本文给出了采用加法嵌入公式时水印最大嵌入强度估计.实验结果表明,该算法在保证图像质量的前提下,对几何同步、噪声干扰、剪切、JPEG压缩等攻击具有较强的鲁棒性.     

DWT域基于系数量化的盲水印算法

提出了一种DWT域内基于系数量化的盲提取图像水印算法。通过分块量化DWT域的近似分量来嵌入二值水印信息。水印提取实现了盲提取,并结合Haar小波的特殊性质,增强水印的鲁棒性。仿真实验证明了该算法不仅具有较好的不可见性,而且对常用的普通攻击和诸如旋转、缩放、平移等几何攻击也具有较好的鲁棒性。