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天然油脂一步法烷氧基化及其产物乳化性能研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
以几种天然油脂(豆油、菜油、棕榈油、橄榄油)为原料,在自制FY系列催化剂作用下与环氧乙烷(EO)或环氧丙烷(PO)在140℃、0 3~0 4MPa下,经一步法嵌入反应得到乙氧基化油脂(EFO)或丙氧基化油脂(PFO)。测定了EFO和PFO的自乳化性能和乳化性能,并实验了大豆色拉油衍生EFO代替大豆色拉油作为原料复配润滑油剂及该油剂形成微乳状液的能力。实验结果表明,在油脂分子结构中嵌入EO或PO后,产物EFO及PFO的自乳化性能及乳化性能均得到提高。在该实验范围内,EFO的自乳化力最高可达原油脂的36倍,乳化力则提升140倍以上。含大豆色拉油衍生EFO的油剂与含大豆色拉油的油剂相比,油剂含油率高;在与水互溶时,前者具有更宽的微乳区域,且微乳液稳定性好;其中优选出的油剂配方可与水以任意比例混合均形成微乳状液。 相似文献
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LC─160高强耐火浇注料在窑外分解窑上的使用梁忠博辽宁省本溪水泥厂(117019)我厂烧煤窑外分解窑规格为Φ3.7×53m。日产熟料1200t/d,出窑熟料温度为1300℃左右。由于出窑熟料温度高,窑前温度高,造成窑口衬料烧损严重,使用周期短。几年... 相似文献
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采用油脂中性红平板筛选法,从太平洋绿侧花海葵体腔中分离筛选到一株具有油脂降解能力的菌株XZL-13,依据菌株的形态特征、生理生化特性及分子生物学特征对其归属进行了鉴定,并采用分光光度法探究了该菌株的最适生长条件,研究了该菌株在最适生长条件下的生长曲线及以不同油脂作为唯一碳源的生长情况。结果表明,筛选获得的油脂降解菌XZL-13为蒙氏假单胞菌(Pseudomonas monteilii);最适生长条件为:初始pH值7.5、初始盐度2.0g·L~(-1)、培养温度25℃,在此条件下培养7h,菌落总数达到最大;油脂降解菌XZL-13在以玉米油、花生油或芝麻油为唯一碳源的培养基中生长情况较好。 相似文献
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为了探究不同复合油相材料制得的乳化炸药爆炸特性,分别以邢台云山油脂、唐山油脂、成功机电油脂、河南荥阳油脂和峰峰矿区油脂为主要油相材料制得乳化炸药;利用电测法测试各试样的爆速,利用铅柱压缩法测定各试样的猛度,并测定各乳化炸药试样的殉爆距离。结果发现,峰峰矿区油脂制备的乳化炸药爆速最大达到6024 m/s,河南荥阳油脂制备的乳化炸药猛度最大,达到14.07 mm,唐山油脂制备的乳化炸药猛度最小为12.00 mm,河南荥阳油脂制备的乳化炸药殉爆距离最大,达到50 mm的距离。 相似文献
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高效降氰真菌的分离筛选及降氰条件研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
从电镀废水、含氰污泥及电镀车间渡槽液中分离筛选出三株高效降氰真菌,并对其中Fw菌株氰化物降解条件进行了研究。研究结果表明,该菌株的最佳降氰条件为温度20-30℃、pH5-7、摇床转数100~180r/min、接种量6%-20%。在最佳降氰条件下,Fw菌株降氰率达到95%以上,剩余氰化物质量浓度低于1mg/L。该菌株可以直接利用CN-作为碳源和氮源,并且在培养基中不外加碳源和氮源时,氰化物剩余质量浓度分别为0.25mg/L和0.49mg/L,达到国家一级排放标准。本研究结果可以作为利用真菌处理含氰废水的依据。 相似文献
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复合厌氧-生物接触氧化工艺处理油脂工业废水 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
介绍了预处理-复合厌氧-生物接触氧化工艺处理油脂工业废水的设计和运行调试工程实例.运行结果表明,以复合厌氧-生物接触氧化为主体的工艺处理高浓度的油脂加工废水是适宜的,该工艺处理负荷高、运行稳定,在进水COD、BOD5、SS和油类分别为32471.0~41674.5 mg/L、12 751.0~16 138.3 mg/L、3496.9~9 502.3 mg/L和271.6~592.3 mg/L情况下,出水COD为76.9~86.0 mg/L、BOD5 18.0~21.3 mg/L、SS 26.0~52.0 mg/L、油类1.05~4.96 mg/L,达到了设计要求. 相似文献
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隔油—混凝—气浮—CAST工艺在香精香料综合废水处理中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对隔油-混凝-气浮-CAST工艺在香精香料综合废水处理应用中的相关参数、调试运行进行了详细说明.实践证明,该工艺对处理有机污染物浓度高、可生化性好的香精香料综合废水具有良好效果,在进水COD为6 150 mg/L、BOD5为3 188 mg/L的情况下,该工艺的处理出水COD<300 mg/L、BOD5<100 mg,L,达到污水综合排放三级标准. 相似文献
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Alberto Domínguez Francisco J. Deive M. Angeles Sanromán María A. Longo 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2010,112(11):1200-1208
Biodegradation of waste cooking oil and its application as lipase production inducer in cultures of Yarrowia lipolytica CECT 1240 have been investigated, both in shake flasks and a bench‐scale bioreactor. The ability of this strain to degrade the spent oil was evaluated by monitoring COD throughout the cultures, and a remarkable decrease was recorded (almost 90% decrease in oil COD after 3 days in bioreactor). Moreover, the addition of waste cooking oil to the medium led to a significant augmentation in extracellular lipase production by the yeast, compared to oil‐free cultures. This confirms the suitability of the studied residue as an inducer of lipase biosynthesis, which is a very interesting fact, from an economic standpoint. These results were confirmed when a fed‐batch strategy was proposed. Finally, some properties of the crude enzyme were studied, and compared to the enzymes obtained when non‐used oil was added to the medium. Practical application : New strategies to valorize wastes from the food and agro industries are attracting a great scientific interest due to the important advantages offered from an economic and environmental point of view. For this reason, the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica CECT 1240 is proposed for degrading waste cooking oils. This approach entails also another benefit in terms of lipolytic enzyme synthesis, since the addition of used up oils has a lipase inducer effect. The enormous interest in lipases is reflected in the number of applications that they present. The process was successfully carried out both in shake flasks and a bench‐scale bioreactor, allowing producing high levels of lipolytic activity at the same time that the COD was diminished up to nearly 90%. 相似文献
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Cristiana Gonçalves Felisbela Oliveira Carina Pereira Isabel Belo 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2012,87(8):1215-1218
In the Mediterranean basin countries, huge amounts of olive mill wastewaters (OMW) are produced by the olive oil industry. It constitutes a serious environmental problem, nevertheless its composition turns OMW into a potential growth medium to lipolytic microorganisms. The aim of this work was to study lipase production as well as OMW degradation in fed‐batch cultures of Candida cylindracea CBS 7869, Candida rugosa CBS 2275 and Yarrowia lipolytica W29 (ATCC 20460). Besides the improvement of lipase production, the fed‐batch approach enhanced the effluent degradation, since it led to good COD and lipids reduction, both higher than 50%. C. rugosa achieved the highest value of lipase productivity (130 U L?1 h?1), in parallel with highest lipids reduction (77%). This study demonstrates that OMW are becoming a competitive and valuable growth medium in fermentation processes with lipolytic microorganisms. The fed‐batch strategy used proved to be an efficient approach to enhance lipase production from OMW and to reduce significantly the final organic load of the medium. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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铜绿假单胞菌分泌鼠李糖脂能力对原油降解影响的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了铜绿假单胞菌分泌鼠李糖脂能力对原油生物降解的作用.将保存在原油中的铜绿假单胞菌转接至甘油培养基进行继代培养,观察到各继代培养下鼠李糖脂分泌量越高则该发酵液对原油的乳化降解能力就越强,推测该菌产鼠李糖脂能力决定了该培养液对原油的乳化与降解程度.鉴于此,分别将鼠李糖脂提取液、发酵液加入到原油培养基中,观察其各自的原油乳化程度的变化趋势,发现鼠李糖脂本身可以乳化原油但不能降解原油,且其乳化能力不如去菌体的发酵液.去菌体发酵液能很快地乳化原油而同样不能降解原油.只有含菌体的发酵液既能乳化又能降解原油.因此,可以认为鼠李糖脂本身具有乳化原油的能力,但是由铜绿假单胞菌同时分泌的其它表面活性物质可能协同鼠李糖脂更好地乳化原油以促进微生物对原油的利用与降解. 相似文献