自焙阳极电解槽技术改造实践

本文介绍了60kA自焙阳极电解槽改造为65kA预焙槽的实践经验。为今后的自焙槽改造提供有益的参考。     

浅谈150kA预焙铝电解槽阳极效应管理

结合中间下料预焙槽阳极效应产生的机理,分析了中间下料预焙槽阳极效应的利与弊.通过150 kA预焙槽生产实践,摸索出有关效应管理和控制方面的相关参数.     

155kA预焙槽多组阳极脱落的原因及对策

阳极是电解槽的“心脏”,阳极工作状况的好坏直接影响着电解槽生产正常与否和经济技术指标的好坏。工业生产中,单组阳极炭块脱落的事故好处理,对生产的危害也小,而多组阳极炭块脱落的事故对生产危害很大,处理难度也大,严重时导致停槽。本文通过对155kA预焙槽造成多组阳极脱落的原因分析和采取对策的总结,可作为其它容量的预焙槽处理类似事故的借鉴,起到预防和杜绝此类事故发生的积极作用。     

300kA大型铝电解槽槽壳反变形装置的应用与实践

通过对300 kA大型预焙阳极铝电解槽槽壳变形原因分析,对槽壳在大修冷却过程中变形的防治方法进行了探索,并结合云南铝业300 kA电解槽大修反变形措施应用与实践,着重介绍槽壳反变形装置的研制、应用及效果。     

200 kA铝电解槽降低阳极效应系数的生产实践

总结了青海铝200 kA预焙槽降低阳极效应系数工作,提出采用智能模糊控制技术是有效降低阳极效应系数的保证,同时分析了突发阳极效应发生的原因,指出保持合适工艺技术条件是降低阳极效应系数重要前提,铝电解生产采用智能模糊控制技术匹配合理的工艺技术条件,200 kA预焙铝电解槽阳极效应系数控制到0.08以下是可以实现的.     

155kA预焙槽多级阳极脱落的原因及对策

阳极是电解槽的“心脏”，阳极工作状况的好坏直接影响着电解槽生产正常与否和经济技术指标的好坏，工业生产中，单线阳极炭块脱落的事故好处理，对生产的危害也小，而多组阳极炭块脱落的事故对生产危害很大，处理难度也大，严重时导致停槽，本文通过对155kA预焙槽造成多组阳极脱落的危害分析和采取对策的总结，可作为其它容量的预焙槽处理类似事故的借鉴，起到预防和杜绝此类事故发生的积极作用。     

槽型对5kA级惰性阳极铝电解槽流场影响仿真

提出了两种5 kA级惰性阳极铝电解槽结构,使用有限元仿真方法计算了不同槽型电解槽在仅电磁力作用、仅阳极气体作用、电磁力和阳极气体共同作用下的流场和界面波动情况。计算结果表明:铝液运动主要受电磁力控制,电解质运动主要受阳极气体控制;槽型1比槽型2整体流速更低,界面波动更小。     

山铝电解铝厂电解槽设计特点

山铝电解铝厂在技术改造中采用200kA预焙阳极电解槽取代60kA自焙槽,该槽型具有优异的磁流体稳定性,合理的电热场设计,采用了窄加工面、阳极升降、“船形”槽壳、实腹板梁等多项先进技术和高性能的内衬材料。目前,电解槽已连续生产986天,电流效率达到了94.5%,吨铝直流电能消耗13100 kW.h,氟化氢和粉尘等主要污染物排放量全部达到了国家排放标准。     

云铝300kA槽控机系统安全性的探索和改进

云铝300 kA大型预焙槽是国内先进的电解生产线,槽控机系统在300 kA电解生产过程控制中发挥着重要的作用。文章将300 kA槽控机安全性能设计分为硬件保护设计,软件保护设计,抗干扰设计3种主要方式,特别针对槽控机阳极升降系统安全性设计进行了深入的探索研究;并就对槽控机在电解生产实践中所反映出来的一些不足之处,从交流定时器,槽控机防雷,系统接地,出铝指示等方面实施的一系列提升槽控机安全性能的改进工作做了详细的说明。     

预焙沟槽阳极在300kA铝电解槽上的试验与应用

本文介绍了某公司预焙沟槽阳极在300kA电解槽上的实验与应用情况,通过试验前、后数据对比,分析出沟槽阳极对降低阳极效应系数、提高电流效率、稳定槽工作电压、强化电流方面的积极意义。     

使用增高阳极对铝电解影响实践研究

预焙阳极炭块是电解铝生产所必须的原材料之一,目前电解铝行业的阳极毛耗一般在500 kg/t·Al左右,相对于电流效率为92%时,理论阳极消耗363 kg/t·Al而言,高出137 kg/t·Al。为了进一步降低炭耗,电解铝行业许多企业将倾向于采用增高阳极,但受电解槽上部结构高度的影响,阳极增高高度有限。百河铝业公司基于上述情况,通过实验寻求能够在不改变现有240 k A电解槽结构的情况下,将阳极高度由设计高度550 mm提高到700mm,最大限度的提高阳极高度。     

电解多功能天车更换阳极自动控制系统

电解槽换极自动测控系统是专为铝电解多功能天车新旧阳极替换过程中,为保证新旧阳极同水平度而研制开发的新一代自动测控与管理系统。该系统采用全自动化操作、便携式基准小车,对提高换极速度、减轻工人劳动强度、提高安全性方面都取得了突破,是目前国内先进换极测高定位系统。     

Deposition of coke particles in the liquid pitch-coke composition of the soderberg anode

Investigations performed an anode of the aluminum electrolyzer, showed the nonuniformity of coke particles in regards to the height of the region of the pitch-coke composition. This is associated with the sedimentation of coarse fractions of the coke charge in a viscous medium. The sedimentation of coarse coke particles is investigated in laboratory conditions for the model of liquid pitch-coke composition, and the characteristics of this process are determined. The composition of the coke charge, which provides the sedimentation stability of the anode mass in the region of pitch-coke composition of the Soderberg anode, is suggested.     

Monitoring of the quality of a soderberg anode for aluminum electrolyzer with the upper current lead

By sampling the cores from the Soderberg anodes of switched-off aluminum electrolyzers, the distribution of the physical properties over the anode height, including during a variation in temperature, is studied. An analysis is given for the dynamics of the variation in the quality of anodes from 1993 to 2006. It is shown that the physical properties of the Soderberg anode approach the requirements made for burnt anodes.     

The influence of the initial shape and position of an anode and the curvature of the aluminum on the current distribution in prebaked aluminum cells

Mathematical modeling of the secondary current distribution in prebaked aluminum cells was used to study the influence of (1) a modified anode shape, (2) the curvature of the metal, and (3) an anode being set too high or too low. The calculations show that, if the lower corners of a new anode are cut off by 5 cm (diagonally), the steady-state shape of the anode is reached after 3 days, as compared to 6 to 8 days for rectangular corners. If the metal curvature corresponds to a 3 cm difference in height per 100 cm of length, and the sloping metal is facing a newly set horizontal anode, the current density varies across the anode with a maximum of 125 pct of the normal value (0.75 A cm⁻²), and it takes 4 days until the anode is aligned with the metal. If a new anode is set 1 cm too low or too high, the initial current through that anode after heatup is 123 and 84 pct, respectively, of the normal value, and it takes 4.2 and 7.7 days, respectively, until the interpolar distance is correct (45 ± 1 mm).     

预焙阳极生产过程收尘粉回收利用技术的开发与应用

针对预焙阳极生产过程中产生的收尘粉,以循环经济3R原则为指导思想,对各点收尘粉的性能进行比较筛选,确定适宜炭生产使用的收尘粉;根据空气动力学和固体颗粒稀相输送原理,成功开发出预焙阳极生产过程收尘回收利用技术,并创新收尘粉进入球磨机给料方式,消除因外来收尘粉对球磨粉的粒度影响,使球磨粉-0.074 mm的纯度稳定控制在68%～75%,实现球磨粉纯度的稳定控制。     

钛基二氧化铅阳极板在电解液净化的应用

钛基二氧化铅阳极板作为一种新开发出来的不溶阳极在铜电解液净化工序逐步得到应用,早些时候因为材料和工艺的限制 PbO2 涂层容易发生脱落,影响该类阳极板的使用周期。近年来制造工艺技术得到较大进步,问题得到解决,甚至某些新建铜电解车间直接进行了大规模应用。本文将传统铅合金阳极板和钛基二氧化铅阳极板在相同的工况下,从电流效率、电耗、产品质量、使用周期、生产操作等几个层面进行了对比分析,与传统铅合金阳极板相比,钛基二氧化铅阳极板电流效率提高了 7.85%,产品质量更佳,使用周期延长到两倍以上,且板面平整度较稳定,生产操作效率高,但脱铜电耗提高 10%,脱铜生产中短路会熔穿板面。以上从经济性角度为铜电解液净化工序选择不溶阳极提供了参考。     

阳极回转窑余热发电技术的应用

根据循环经济的要求及我厂的情况与技术条件,利用阳极煅烧回转窑低温余热发电,初步取得了良好的经济效益及社会效益。本文介绍该技术的应用情况。     

Morphology of Two-Phase Layers with Large Bubbles

The understanding of formation and movement of bubbles nucleated during aluminum reduction is essential for a good control of the electrolysis process. In our experiments, we filmed and studied the formation of a bubble layer under the anode in a real-size air–water electrolysis cell model. The maximum height of the bubbles was found to be up to 2 cm because of the presence of the so-called Fortin bubbles. Also, the mean height of the bubble layer was found to be much higher than published previously. The Fortin bubbles were investigated more closely, and their shape was found to be induced by a gravity wave formed at the gas–liquid interface. In addition, large bubbles were always observed to break up into smaller parts right before escaping from under the anode. This breakup and escape led to a large momentum transfer in the bath.     

Experimental Study of the Morphology and Dynamics of Gas-Laden Layers Under the Anodes in an Air–Water Model of Aluminum Reduction Cells

The bubble layer formed under an anode and the bubble-induced flow play a significant role in the aluminum electrolysis process. The bubbles covering the anode bottom reduce the efficient surface that can carry current. In our experiments, we filmed and studied the bubble layer under the anode in a real-size air?Cwater electrolysis cell model. Three different flow regimes were found depending on the gas generation rate. The covering factor was found to be proportional to the gas generation rate and inversely proportional to the angle of inclination. A correlation between the average height of the entire bubble layer and the position under the anode was determined. From this correlation and the measured contact sizes, the volume of the accumulated gas was calculated. The sweeping effect of large bubbles was observed. Moreover, the small bubbles under the inner edge of the anode were observed to move backward as a result of the escape of huge gas pockets, which means large momentum transport occurs in the bath.