自适应灰度加权的鲁棒模糊C均值图像分割

针对传统模糊C均值(fuzzy C-means,FCM)算法以及结合空间信息的相关改进算法分割精度较低、对噪声敏感的问题,提出一种自适应灰度加权的鲁棒模糊C均值图像分割算法。首先,通过定义像素间的局部灰度相似性测度来反映各像素对局部邻域的影响程度,并根据邻域窗口中各像素的灰度差异,利用指数函数进一步控制邻域像素的影响权重,实现像素灰度的自适应加权,从而提高像素灰度计算的准确性。其次,构造出一种改进的距离测度代替传统的欧氏距离,用于计算各像素与聚类中心之间的相似距离,增强算法对噪声和异常值的鲁棒性。最后,将提出的自适应灰度加权方法与改进的距离测度应用到FCM算法中,实现图像分割。实验结果表明,该算法需根据图像噪声的强度适当地选取邻域窗口大小,在此条件下算法能够取得较优的分割效果和运行效率,且对噪声具有较强的鲁棒性。     

优选抑制式非局部空间模糊C-均值图像分割方法

当图像被噪声严重污染时,像素的邻域像素也可能被污染。此时,来自于像素点的邻域像素的局部空间信息无法在含噪图像分割中发挥积极的指导作用。鉴于此,利用图像中与像素具有相似邻域结构的像素构造新的非局部加权和图像,并在新图像的灰度直方图上采用优选抑制式模糊C-均值聚类,提出优选抑制式非局部空间模糊C-均值图像分割方法。实验结果表明,该方法能进一步提高模糊C-均值聚类方法对于图像噪声的鲁棒性,获得了更加理想的分割结果。     

基于空间信息的可能性模糊C均值聚类遥感图像分割

可能性模糊C均值(PFCM)聚类算法作为模糊C均值(FCM)聚类算法的一种改进算法,能在一定程度上克服FCM算法对噪声的敏感性;但由于PFCM没有考虑像元间的空间信息,对含有较大噪声的图像分割效果依然不理想。为此,提出一种新的基于空间信息的PFCM算法(SPFCM),克服了PFCM算法对含有较大噪声的图像分割效果不佳的缺点。通过对人工图像和IKONOS遥感图像进行分析,结果表明,SPFCM算法无论是在视觉上还是在分割正确率上都优于传统的FCM算法、PFCM算法及两种加入空间信息的FCM算法;对于含有高斯噪声和盐椒噪声的图像,平均分割正确率高达99.71%,是一种去噪效果较好的图像分割算法。     

基于灰度空间特征的模糊C均值聚类图像分割

模糊C均值(FCM)聚类算法广泛用于图像的自动分割,但是该算法没有考虑像素的灰度和空间特征,对噪声十分敏感.因此提出一种改进的算法,在传统的FCM聚类的基础上,运用邻域像素的灰度相似度和聚类分布统计来构造新的隶属函数,对图像进行聚类分割.该方法不仅有效地抑制了噪声的干扰,而且把错分类的像素很容易的纠正过来.对两种类型的含噪图像的实验结果表明该方法对噪声具有很强的鲁棒性和对像素聚类的正确性.     

基于小波图像融合算法和改进FCM聚类的MR脑部图像分割算法

针对很多基于模糊C均值(FCM)的图像分割算法存在对噪声敏感和分割轮廓不清晰等问题,提出一种基于小波变换图像融合算法和FCM聚类算法的MR医学图像分割算法。在图像分割系统的第一阶段,利用Haar小波多分辨率特性保持像素间的空间信息;第二阶段,利用小波图像融合算法对得到的多分辨率图像和原始图像进行融合,进而增强被处理图像的清晰度并降低噪声;第三阶段,利用改进型FCM技术对所处理的图像进行分割。在BrainWeb数据集上进行实验,与现有相关算法相比,提出的算法具有较高的分割精度,且对噪声的鲁棒性比较强,处理时间也没有明显增加。     

自适应非局部空间约束与K-L信息的模糊C-均值噪声图像分割算法

针对传统模糊C-均值聚类(FCM)算法对噪声鲁棒性差的问题, 提出一种自适应非局部空间约束与K-L信息 的模糊C-均值噪声图像分割算法. 首先, 通过定义平滑度, 设计自适应匹配函数, 实现非局部空间信息项搜索窗口和 邻域窗口的自适应计算, 克服非局部空间信息窗口大小固定的问题. 其次, 将K-L信息引入目标函数, 利用隐马尔可 夫模型计算图像像素的上下文信息, 减少分割的模糊性. 最后, 利用原始图像和非局部空间信息项局部方差的绝对 差和其倒数自适应约束原始图像和非局部空间信息项, 实现约束项参数的自适应选择, 提高算法的灵活性. 含噪合 成图像和彩色图像分割实验表明, 该算法在分割精准度、平均交互比、归一化互信息、模糊分割系数和模糊划分熵 等性能方面均优于其他几种FCM算法. 例如, 在混合噪声密度为15%的条件下, 算法的模糊分割系数和模糊划分熵 分别达到99.92%和0.14%.     

Fuzzy c-means clustering with non local spatial information for noisy image segmentation

As an effective image segmentation method, the standard fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm is very sensitive to noise in images. Several modified FCM algorithms, using local spatial information, can overcome this problem to some degree. However, when the noise level in the image is high, these algorithms still cannot obtain satisfactory segmentation performance. In this paper, we introduce a non local spatial constraint term into the objective function of FCM and propose a fuzzy cmeans clustering algorithm with non local spatial information (FCM_NLS). FCM_NLS can deal more effectively with the image noise and preserve geometrical edges in the image. Performance evaluation experiments on synthetic and real images, especially magnetic resonance (MR) images, show that FCM_NLS is more robust than both the standard FCM and the modified FCM algorithms using local spatial information for noisy image segmentation.     

Improved fuzzy clustering algorithm with non-local information for image segmentation

Fuzzy C-means(FCM) has been adopted to perform image segmentation due to its simplicity and efficiency. Nevertheless it is sensitive to noise and other image artifacts because of not considering spatial information. Up to now, a series of improved FCM algorithms have been proposed, including fuzzy local information C-means clustering algorithm(FLICM). In FLICM, one fuzzy factor is introduced as a fuzzy local similarity measure, which can control the trade-off between noise and details. However, the fuzzy factor in FLICM cannot estimate the damping extent of neighboring pixels accurately, which will result in poor performance in images of high-level noise. Aiming at solving this problem, this paper proposes an improved fuzzy clustering algorithm, which introduces pixel relevance into the fuzzy factor and could estimate the damping extent accurately. As a result, non-local context information can be utilized in the improved algorithm, which can improve the performance in restraining image artifacts. Experimental results on synthetic, medical and natural images show that the proposed algorithm performs better than current improved algorithms.     

A fast and robust image segmentation using FCM with spatial information

Automated segmentation of images has been considered an important intermediate processing task to extract semantic meaning from pixels. In general, the fuzzy c-means approach (FCM) is highly effective for image segmentation. But for the conventional FCM image segmentation algorithm, cluster assignment is based solely on the distribution of pixel attributes in the feature space, and the spatial distribution of pixels in an image is not taken into consideration. In this paper, we present a novel FCM image segmentation scheme by utilizing local contextual information and the high inter-pixel correlation inherent. Firstly, a local spatial similarity measure model is established, and the initial clustering center and initial membership are determined adaptively based on local spatial similarity measure model. Secondly, the fuzzy membership function is modified according to the high inter-pixel correlation inherent. Finally, the image is segmented by using the modified FCM algorithm. Experimental results showed the proposed method achieves competitive segmentation results compared to other FCM-based methods, and is in general faster.     

一种融合邻域信息的模糊C-均值图像分割算法

模糊C-均值算法（fuzzy C-means,FCM）对图像噪声敏感,只考虑了图像数值信息而忽略了邻域空间信息,造成最终的图像分割结果不精确。为了克服FCM存在的问题,将图像局部信息与非局部信息融入到多测度模型中,扩充了原本聚类的单一测度。另外将先验概率引入隶属度矩阵中,使得每次迭代前,隶属度矩阵中像素点的邻域信息都被充分考虑,最后添加一个邻域隶属度惩罚项修正聚类结果。实验证明:该算法对噪声鲁棒性强,能够获得较为理想的图像分割效果。     

An adaptive spatial information-theoretic fuzzy clustering algorithm for image segmentation

This paper presents an adaptive spatial information-theoretic fuzzy clustering algorithm to improve the robustness of the conventional fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithms for image segmentation. This is achieved through the incorporation of information-theoretic framework into the FCM-type algorithms. By combining these two concepts and modifying the objective function of the FCM algorithm, we are able to solve the problems of sensitivity to noisy data and the lack of spatial information, and improve the image segmentation results. The experimental results have shown that this robust clustering algorithm is useful for MRI brain image segmentation and it yields better segmentation results when compared to the conventional FCM approach.     

Fuzzy spectral clustering with robust spatial information for image segmentation

In recent years, spectral clustering has become one of the most popular clustering algorithms in areas of pattern analysis and recognition. This algorithm uses the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a normalized similarity matrix to partition the data, and is simple to implement. However, when the image is corrupted by noise, spectral clustering cannot obtain satisfying segmentation performance. In order to overcome the noise sensitivity of the standard spectral clustering algorithm, a novel fuzzy spectral clustering algorithm with robust spatial information for image segmentation (FSC_RS) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a non-local-weighted sum image of the original image is generated by utilizing the pixels with a similar configuration of each pixel. Then a robust gray-based fuzzy similarity measure is defined by using the fuzzy membership values among gray values in the new generated image. Thus, the similarity matrix obtained by this measure is only dependent on the number of the gray-levels and can be easily stored. Finally, the spectral graph partitioning method can be applied to this similarity matrix to group the gray values of the new generated image and then the corresponding pixels in the image are reclassified to obtain the final segmentation result. Some segmentation experiments on synthetic and real images show that the proposed method outperforms traditional spectral clustering methods and spatial fuzzy clustering in efficiency and robustness.     

基于核与局部信息的多维度模糊聚类图像分割算法

在以聚类分析为背景的图像分割算法中,引入局部信息是为了在保留图像细节的同时尽可能地减少噪声.在模糊C均值算法基础上,提出了一种基于核与局部信息的多维度模糊聚类分析方法来权衡图像中的噪声和细节.该算法引入2个基于局部信息的图像变体,即平滑和锐化处理后的图像,使之与原始图像一起构成多维度的灰度值向量来替换原始单维的灰度值; 再利用核方法提高其鲁棒性; 最后添加一个邻域隶属度差异惩罚项很好地修正和增强了最终的分割效果.在人工合成图片的去噪实验中,所提方法取得了近99%的分割正确率,优于Nystrom归一化分割(NNcut)和基于模糊局部信息C均值(FLICM)算法;同时在自然图片和医学图片的对比实验以及参数调控实验中,展现出了其在处理图像噪声和细节时灵活、稳定、健壮且易于调控的特点.     

融合全局最好和声搜索算法的模糊C均值聚类图像分割

针对传统模糊C均值(FCM)聚类算法聚类数目难以确定,迭代速度慢,易陷入局部最优以及对聚类中心初始值的设置敏感等问题,提出一种融合全局最好和声搜索模糊C均值(GBHS-FCM)聚类算法。首先,利用全局最好和声搜索(GBHS)算法的全局性和鲁棒性的优点,得到初始聚类中心和聚类个数,再将其作为传统FCM聚类算法的初始聚类中心和聚类个数;其次,提出一种新颖的模糊聚类目标函数,将图像像素点邻域依赖特性考虑进来,与像素点灰度信息共同作用,增强了分割结果空间的连续性;此外,还采用了一种新颖的距离公式代替欧氏距离公式,增强了新算法对噪声的鲁棒性。仿真结果表明,新算法有效避免了传统FCM算法因初始聚类中心设置敏感而收敛到局部最优解,在聚类精度、速度和鲁棒性上均比传统FCM算法有所提高,针对具有不同特征的图像分割取得了较好的结果。     

基于粒子群的改进模糊聚类图像分割算法

基于粒子群优化的改进模糊聚类图像分割算法将微粒群搜索聚类中心作为图像分割的聚类初值,克服了FCM分割算法对聚类中心初值敏感的缺点,大幅提高了图像分割算法的计算速度。改进的模糊聚类图像分割算法,一方面考虑到像素的空间位置信息和相互邻域之间像素有很大的相关性,在目标函数中引入邻域惩罚函数;另一方面提出聚类在二维方向上进行更新的思想,建立了包含邻域单元熵的新聚类目标函数。实验结果表明,该方法可以使模糊聚类的速度得到明显提高,对初始聚类中心不敏感,抗噪能力强,是一种有效的模糊聚类图像分割方法。     

基于多目标规划的模糊C均值聚类算法

模糊C均值聚类算法(FCM)是一种非常经典的非监督聚类技术,已被广泛地应用到医学图像分割。由于传统的FCM聚类算法在分割图像时仅利用了图像的灰度信息,未利用图像的空间信息,在分割叠加了噪声的磁共振(MR)图像时分割效果不理想。考虑到脑部MR图像真实的灰度值具有分片为常数的特性,按照合理利用图像空间信息的原则,对传统的FCM聚类算法进行了改进,引入多目标规划的概念,提出了一种新的,更加合理的应用图像空间信息的聚类算法。实验结果表明,应用该算法可以有效地分割含有噪声的图像。     

湿地遥感图像分割算法设计及实现

提出了一种结合熵和模糊C均值的聚类分割方法。模糊C均值（FCM）聚类算法广泛用于图像的自动分割,但是传统的FCM算法没有考虑像素的空间信息,因而对噪声十分敏感,基于二维直方图的模糊C均值聚类算法除了考虑像素点的灰度信息外还考虑了像素点邻域的空间信息,可有效地抑制噪声;在目标函数中引入熵项则能更好地抑制噪声和外围点对类中心估计的影响。实验分析结果表明,算法对湿地遥感图像的分割效果优于FCM算法。     

基于Canopy聚类的噪声自适应模糊C-均值算法

针对局部空间信息的模糊C-均值算法（WFLICM）中空间影响因子容易受到噪声影响出现错误标识的问题,提出一种融合局部和非局部空间信息的模糊C-均值聚类图像分割算法(NLWFLICM),在WFLICM算法的模糊影响因子中引入非局部空间信息,根据噪声程度自适应地设置局部和非局部信息权重,并重新标记中心点的模糊影响因子。实验结果表明,NLWFLICM算法具有比WFLICM算法更强的鲁棒性和自适应性,并在一定程度上提高了WFLICM算法对含有大量噪声图像进行分割的鲁棒性,同时保留了图像的纹理。为了提高算法的聚类性能和收敛速度,结合Canopy算法能够快速对数据进行粗聚类的优点,提出基于Canopy聚类与非局部空间信息的FCM图像分割改进算法（Canopy-NLWFLICM）,可以在NLWFLICM算法聚类前,对聚类中心进行预处理,从而提高收敛速度和图像分割精度。     

基于空间特征的谱聚类含噪图像分割

为克服传统谱聚类算法应用到含噪图像分割时易受到图像中噪声影响的问题,提出一种基于空间特征的谱聚类含噪图像分割算法。该方法利用图像各个像素的灰度信息、局部空间邻接信息及非局部空间信息设计像素的三维特征,通过引入空间紧致性函数建立像素特征点与其K个最近邻之间的相似性,进而利用谱聚类算法得到图像的最终分割结果。实验中采用含噪的人工图像、自然图像及合成孔径雷达图像与空间模糊聚类、规范切谱聚类和Nystrm方法3种算法进行对比实验,实验结果验证文中方法能克服图像中噪声影响并取得较满意的分割效果。     

A clustering algorithm with optimized multiscale spatial texture information: application to SAR image segmentation

An image segmentation method based on optimized spatial texture information is proposed in this article. Spatial information, including the relative position of neighbouring pixels and texture features of the multiscale neighbourhood, is incorporated into the similarity measure of the fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm, in which the Gaussian kernel is adopted to diminish the local incorrect segmentation. The FCM clustering is spatially adjusted and optimized by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The purpose of optimization is to obtain the appropriate control parameters influencing spatial information, which can improve segmentation results. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better segmentation performance and is capable of effectively segmenting synthetic images and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images.