共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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外墙隔热涂料和玻璃隔热涂料的节能分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
设计建筑的简化传热模型,分析和计算了夏热冬暖地区外墙隔热涂料和玻璃隔热涂料对夏季室内的降温与节电效果。当外墙隔热涂料的太阳反射比增大到一定程度时,可使得室内温度低于室外温度。但由于直接透过玻璃的太阳辐射热的影响,即使玻璃隔热涂料的遮蔽系数很小,也难以使得室内温度低于室外温度。模拟计算结果表明,对于自然状态下可使室内温度降低2℃的外墙隔热涂料和玻璃隔热涂料,使用后可节约空调用电分别为20.6%和15.4%。 相似文献
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阐述了一个构建用于室内墙面的智能涂料体系(调温调湿涂料主层-蓄光涂料中间层-自清洁涂料表层),该体系可根据外界情况自适应调控温度与湿度、黑暗中低度应急发光照明、主动清洁污染物等。讨论了相变储热等作用机理,并就影响作用的配方因素及施工等加以论证。 相似文献
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有机涂层高原环境影响参数分析及老化机理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对高原地区涂料应用现状及其老化原因进行了分析,对青藏高原地区年平均日照时数、地面气温、降水量等环境因素进行了量化分析,重点对有机涂层暴露在高原环境条件下的影响参数(太阳辐射强度、温度和湿度)进行了研究,并从光物理学和光化学原理的角度解释了涂层老化的内在机理,为提升有机涂料高原环境适应性提供了理论基础和科学依据。 相似文献
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太阳热反射涂料对太阳辐射具有较高反射率,将其涂覆于建筑围栏结构,可以降低空调负荷或改善室内热舒适环境。研究了不同围栏结构材料对太阳热反射涂料节能效果的影响。 相似文献
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太阳能吸热涂层的研究现状 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
综述了我国近年来太阳能吸热涂层的研究现状,包括非选择性涂层和选择涂层两大类,其中选择性涂层又可分为电镀涂层,阳极化涂层,真空镀膜涂层和选择性涂料层。, 相似文献
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耐高温电阻材料由于可调的表面阻抗使其兼具同向反射、损耗特性和宽频带等优异性能。本文通过刷涂法制备了含频率选择表面的耐高温吸波涂层,通过扫描电子显微镜和方阻测试仪表征分析了涂层的组分、微观结构和方阻的高温稳定性,通过矢量网络分析仪研究了涂层煅烧温度和煅烧时间对材料高温反射率的影响规律。结果表明,含频率选择表面耐高温陶瓷涂层经600 ℃长时间热处理后,表面形貌变化可控,表面方阻较为稳定,耐温性好。频率选择表面设计对制备耐高温宽频吸波涂层具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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传统的石化能源利用率较低加剧了环境危机,低能耗的热管理材料应运而生。本文介绍了红外辐射调控技术的原理,综述了辐射选择性调控材料在建筑热管理和人体热管理领域的研究进展,并概述了两类材料红外性能的相关研究和应用进展。文中指出:辐射选择性调控材料是通过设计材料表面结构的光学特性,调节太阳辐射来实现辐射控温的。建筑热管理材料主要有透明涂层、颜料涂层和辐射冷却器等,不同的建筑围护结构对应不同的性能,如具有高太阳反射率和高红外发射率的辐射冷却器和颜料涂层大都应用在墙体和屋顶上,而窗户要为室内提供一定的照明,因此还需具有高太阳透过率;人体热管理材料主要是可穿戴织物,包括辐射散热织物、辐射保温织物和智能辐射织物,除了具有相应的辐射性能之外还应该具备普通织物所具有的柔韧性、透气性、抗菌性的特点。最后,本文从辐射调控材料的性能与实际应用相结合的角度展望了未来的研究方向。 相似文献
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新型红外反射材料进展及其在玻璃节能贴膜中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在当今世界以节能减排为主题的低碳经济发展潮流中,包括汽车玻璃和建筑玻璃的的贴膜节能技术受到了越来越多的关注。作为近现代人类基于自然采光照明而发明的玻璃,在高效透过可见光的同时,不可避免地也透过了起热效应作用的红外线(红外辐射)。而在夏季,这种红外热辐射给人带来了极大的不舒适感,尤其是采用大面积玻璃采光的汽车和带玻璃幕墙的高层建筑。比如,汽车在夏天烈日下停留1h后,车内温度就可提升至60℃以上,这给空调系统带来了极大的能量负荷。因此,针对汽车和建筑玻璃的反热辐射节能贴膜内使用的红外反射材料,也相应地成为我们的研究重点方向。近红外反射节能材料主要的节能途径是对近红外光线起反射作用,在不消耗能量的情况下抑制涂层表面温度上升被动降温,从而起到节能和隔热作用。针对玻璃节能贴膜的膜层结构、红外反射的光学原理及材料类型、红外反射材料的性能表征等进行了充分的比较研究。 相似文献
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制备了2类复合外墙隔热涂料,一类是将反射型、辐射型、阻隔型3种功能填料按一定比例复合配制外墙隔热涂料;另一类是分别制备反射、辐射、阻隔涂层,并将这3种涂层按2种方式叠加复合,构成外墙隔热涂层。3种功能填料复合涂层在红外灯照射下的绝对温升为27.4℃,在波长为250~2 500 nm范围内的太阳反射比为87%,半球发射率为89%;在太阳光照射下,功能填料复合涂层的热箱内最高温度分别比未涂覆的空石棉板、空白样、叠加复合涂层、单涂反射涂层、单涂辐射涂层和单涂阻隔涂层低11.0℃、5.5℃、0.9℃、2.1℃、3.8℃和1.2℃。研究结果表明:将3种功能填料以一定比例复合配制的涂层隔热效果优于3种隔热机理涂层叠加而得的复合涂层,更优于单一隔热机理涂层。 相似文献
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This research paper presented a novel approach of developing excellent protection from ultraviolet (UV) radiation of cotton fabrics by means of water vapor permeable (WVP) coatings containing multiwall carbon nanotube (MWNT), a stable and strongly UV absorbing species. The WVP of MWNT containing UV protective coatings of the present development are formed from solution polymer of hydrophilic polyurethane (HPU). MWNTs were dispersed in HPU solution by functionalization of MWNT. The nanotube containing HPU coating shows excellent protection against UV radiation, with only 1 wt % of MWNT (calculated based on solid content of the polymer), a UV Protection Factor (UPF) of 174 and with 2.5 wt % of MWNT a UPF of 421 was obtained, which stated excellent protection (UPF ≥50) according to the Australian/New Zealand standards. Scanning electron micrographs of coated fabrics surface showed a film like polymer coating, confirming the fabric surface was successfully coated by polyurethane. The coated fabrics would maintain very good water vapor permeability, hence confirmed the wearing comfort. Room temperature (20–23°C) range soft segment crystal melting of HPU enhances the permeability of coated fabrics. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3370–3376, 2007 相似文献
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As reported in this article, infrared thermal images of chameleon-type building coatings were studied. The results show that
when reversibly thermochromic pigments were added to normal white building coatings, so-called chameleon-type building coatings
could absorb energy from a sunlamp below a switching temperature of 20°C. The surface temperatures could reach almost the
same value as that of a normal colorful building coating. The absorption stopped automatically above the switching temperature
of 20°C, and the surface temperatures could be lower than that of normal colorful building coatings by about 4°C. The results
from exposure to solar radiation show that when the temperature was below the switching temperature, the chameleon-type building
coating could absorb almost the same amount of solar energy as an ordinary colorful coating. When the temperature was above
the switching temperature, these coating could reflect more solar energy than the ordinary colorful coating, which was similar
to the results from infrared thermal images. All the results show that there is some possibility that the chameleon-type building
coatings could be used to create a thermally comfortable building environment.
Presented at the 79th Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, Oct. 28–Nov. 1, 2002, in New
Orleans, LA.
State Key Lab. of Concrete Materials Research, Shangha 200092, China. Email: ypma@citiz.net.
The project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (59978036 and 50278071) and by the University Key
Studies Project of Shanghai. 相似文献
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J. P. SINGH K. SATYAMURTHY J. R. THOMAS D. P. H. HASSELMAN 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1981,64(3):169-173
Thermal stresses in a partially absorbing brittle ceramic plate asymmetrically heated by radiation and cooled by convection on the same surface with finite and infinite heat transfer coefficients are analyzed. Comparison of the results from this study with those obtained in Part I, where the plate is subjected to radiation heating in the front surface and cooled by convection at the rear surface, indicates that the magnitudes of the maximum steady-state tensile thermal stresses are nearly identical. Significant differences are found in the transient thermal stresses and the temperature distribution. The relative temperature levels in the present case are found to be significantly lower than those obtained in Part I. Implications of these results to the design and operation of engineering structures such as concentrated solar receivers are discussed. 相似文献