挤压铸造铝基复合材料的高应变速率超塑性

用挤压铸造、挤压比仅为１０∶１的挤压以及进一步的轧制成功地制备了具有高应变速率超塑性行为的βＳｉＣ晶须增强ＬＹ１２复合材料。该复合材料晶粒细小,约为２μｍ;在温度为８０３Ｋ和初始应变速率为１．１×１０－１ｓ－１时,延伸率达３５０％,应变速率敏感系数ｍ值约为０．３５;超塑性变形的主要机制是细小晶粒的晶界滑动,适当的微量液相有利于该复合材料的高应变速率超塑性。     

Superplasticity of a SiC particulate-reinforced 6A02AI matrix composite

The superplastic characteristics of a 15% (volume fraction) SiCp (14 μm)/6A02A1 composite, fabricated by stirring casting and cold-rolling after extrusion with a low extrusion ratio of 10:1 and hot-rolling, were investigated. The composite exhibits a tensile elongation of 250% at an initial strain rate of 8.9 x 10-4 s-l and at 833 K where an appropriate amount of liquid phase is presented in the composite. The superplastic deformation is uniform and the strain hardening exponent 2is as high as 1.6. The fracture surface is intergranual and the superplastic deformation mechanism of the composite is considered to be grain boundary (interface) sliding accommodated by an appropriate amount of liquid phase.     

Study on high strain rate superplasticity of A 6061Al alloy composite reinforced with 30 Vol.% AlN particulate

An investigation on the superplastic behavior of 30 vol.% AlNp/6061Al composite prepared by powder metallurgy (PM) techniques was carried out. Superplastic tensile tests of the composite were performed at strain rates ranging from 10° to 10⁻³ s⁻¹ and at temperatures from 823 to 893 K. A fine-grained structure prior to superplastic testing was obtained by hot rolling after extrusion. The highest total elongation to failure of 438% was achieved at a temperature of 863 K and at an initial strain rate of 1.67×10⁻¹ s⁻¹ and the highest value of the strain rate sensitivity index (m) was 0.42 for the composite. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) was used to investigate the possibility of any partial melting in the vicinity of optimum superplastic temperatures. The formation of a liquid phase is attributed to the melting of the Al-Si eutectic phase at the surface of the AlN particulates at elevated temperatures, as determined by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The influence of the microstructure and the fracture behavior on the superplastic behavior of the composite was studied by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A large number of matrix filaments were present at the fracture surfaces of the specimens when superplastic deformation of the composite was performed under the optimum superplastic test conditions. The presence of dislocations and fine recrystallized grains in the test specimens suggested that they play an important role in the high-strain-rate superplasticity for this composite.     

SiCp增强2024铝基复合材料超塑性的研究

对搅拌铸造法制备的SiCp/2024Al复合材料超塑性的预处理、力学行为、微观结构及变形机制进行了研究,结果表明,合适的强烈塑性变形是改善复合材料组织进而提高超塑性的有效方法:经小挤压、热轧和冷轧后,在温度为823K、初始应变速率为 1.1×10-3 s-1的拉伸变形条件下,超塑延伸率为405%,超塑变形机制为晶粒的适度长大、动态连续再结晶和适当的微量液相共同协调的晶界滑动:液相不是该复合材料展现超塑性的必要条件。     

SUPERPLASTICITY OF A SiC_w/2024 Al COMPOSITE MADE BY PRESSURE INFILTRATION

The superplastic characteristics of the β-SiC whisker reinforced 2024 aluminum composite, fabricated by pressure infiltration and hot-rolling after extrusion, were investigated. The composite has a fine grain size of about 1μm, and exhibits a maximum tensile elongation of 370% in the initial strain rate of 3.3×10-3s-1 at 788K.The superplastic deformation mechanism of the composite is thought to be grain boundary (interface) sliding accommodated by grain boundary diffusion of aluminum atom and an appropriate amount of liquid phase.     

SUPERPLASTICITY IN SiCw／ZK60 COMPOSITE

The superplastic deformation behavior of SiCw/ZK60 composite was investigated at temperatures ranging from 573K to 723K and at initial strain rates ranging from 8.3x10-4s-1 to 8.3x10-2s-1. A maximum elongation of 200% with a m-value of 0.35 was obtained at 613K and a initial strain rate of 1.67x 10-2s-1. The apparent activation energy (98kJ/mol) approximates that for grain boundary diffusion (92kJ/mol) in magnesium. It is proposed that the dominant mechanism of superplastic deformation in the present composite is grain boundary sliding accommodated by diffusional transport, besides, interfacial sliding plays an important role in the superplastic deformation.     

一种实现低合金超高强钢超塑变形的新思路

将Mn-Si-Cr系低合金高强钢在过冷奥氏体状态下进行适当预变形,水冷后的组织主要由铁素体、球状碳化物和马氏体组成。研究表明：700℃时的低速率小变形可使上述组织转变为（铁素体＋球状碳化物）复相组织,对超塑性变形有利;预变形后水冷的试样在700℃应变速率为10-4 s-1～2×10-4 s-1范围时的m值可达0.48,流变抗力为40～60 MPa,激活能约158 kJ/mol,属于晶界滑动变形机制,具有超塑性变形的特征。     

Effect of current pulses on fracture morphology in superplastic deformation of 2091 Al Li alloy

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快速超塑性的研究与应用

综述了高应变速率超塑材料种类、变形机理和应用技术的最新进展。高应变速率超塑材料主要是铝基复合材料及铝合金,最近,对镁合金、纳米材料、钛合金高应变速率超塑性能的研究也已开始。高应变速率超塑性在工业中的应用已经起步,例如快速超塑成形技术、一模多件技术等,可以实现中等批量、甚至大批量生产,但是主要集中在铝合金上。未来激光辅助超塑成形技术、电塑性辅助超塑成形技术值得期待。     

Effect of partial melting on superplasticity ofAlNp/6061Al composite

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SUPERPLASTICITY OF A WATER-QUENCHED AND TEMPERED 40Cr STEEL

1.IntroductionSuperplasticity possesses many good characteristics such as high elongation, low flow stress and high atom diffusion ability, which make it show good application in metal forming and diffusion bonding of complex shape structure. Up to now, the superplasticity of steel has been more investigated, however the pretreatment in order to obtain fine grain and then superplasticity was often carried out by circular quenchingof typically 3 times and subsequent high-temperature tempering, …     

Ti40阻燃合金粗晶超塑性变形行为及机理

借助OM、TEM研究了高温条件下Ti40阻燃合金的粗晶超塑性变形行为及机理。结果表明:在920℃下,应变速率为5×10-5～1×10-2s-1的Ti40合金表现出良好的超塑性行为,拉伸延伸率均超过250%,应变速率敏感指数m大于0.3。超塑变形后,粗大的等轴组织细化。TEM分析表明,在变形过程中,位错运动形成亚晶界,亚晶界通过吸收滑移位错形成小角度晶界甚至大角度晶界。Ti40合金的粗晶超塑性是由动态回复和再结晶共同作用的结果。     

Superplastic deformation behavior and hot-processing map of the TiNp/2014 Al composite

The superplastic deformation behavior and hot-processing map of the TiN_p/2014 Al composite were investigated based on tensile tests conducted at various temperatures (773 K, 798 K, and 818 K) with various strain rates (0.033, 0.167, 0.33, and 0.67 s^-1). The results revealed that the influence of strain on the energy dissipation map is negligible. The optimal superplastic deformation parameters corresponding to the peak power dissipation efficiency of 0.65 differ from those corresponding to the maximum elongation of 351%. For the superplastic deformation of TiN_p/2014 composite, the deformation activation energy is much higher than that for the lattice self-diffusion in pure aluminum, which can be explained by the combination of mechanisms including grain (subgrain) boundary sliding accommodation, interface sliding accommodation, liquid-phase helper accommodation and load transfer. To avoid voids and wedge cracks, two obvious instability domains in the hot-processing maps should be avoided. The hot-processing maps obtained can approximately, but not accurately enough, optimize superplastic deformation parameters of the TiN_p/2014 Al composite.     

CONSTITUTE EQUATIONS OF 40Cr STEEL UNDER SUPERPLASTIC COMPRESSIVE DEFORMATION

The microstructure of 40Cr steel sample and its surface is ultra-fined through salt-bath cyclic quenching and high frequency hardening, then the superplasticity is studied under isothermal superplastic compressive deformation condition. The experimental results indicate that the stress-strain curves are shown to take place obvious superplastic flow characteristic at the temperature of 750-770℃ and at the initial strain rate of (1.7-5.0)×10-4 s-1. Its strain rate sensitivity is 0.30-0.38, the steady superplastic flow stress is 60-70MPa, the superplastic flow activation energy is 198-217kJ/mol, and it is close to α-Fe grain boundary self-diffusion activation energy. The super-plastic compressive constitute equations of this steel are correspondingly set up. Due to the finer microstructure of high frequency hardening, it appears bigger strain rate sensitivity value, smaller the steady superplastic flow stress and the superplastic flow activation energy, so it has better superplastic deformation capabili     

Effects of Tool Rotation Rates on Superplastic Deformation Behavior of Friction Stir Processed Mg-Zn-Y-Zr AlloyEI北大核心CSCD

Compared to conventional Mg-Al and Mg-Zn system magnesium alloys, the Mg-Zn-Y-Zr heat-resistant alloy exhibits high thermal stability due to the addition of Y earth element, which is an ideal candidate for producing high strain rate superplasticity (HSRS, strain rate >= 1 x 10(-2) s(-1)). Recently, the HSRS of Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy was achieved by friction stir processing (FSP), because the FSP resulted in the generation of fine and equiaxed recrystallized grains and fine and homogeneous second phase particles. However, the study on superplastic deformation mechanism of FSP Mg-Zn-Y-Zr alloy at various parameters is limited relatively. Therefore, at the present work, six millimeters thick as-extruded Mg-Zn-Y-Zr plates were subjected to FSP at relatively wide heat input range of rotation rates of 800 r/min to 1600 r/min with a constant traverse speed of 100 mm/min, obtaining FSP samples consisting of homogeneous, fine and equiaxed dynamically recrystallized grains and fine and uniform Mg-Zn-Y ternary phase (W-phase) particles. With increasing rotation rate, within the FSP samples the W-phase particles were broken up and dispersed significantly and the recrystallized grains were refined slightly, while the fraction ratio of the high angle grain boundaries (grain boundaries misorientation angle >= 15 degrees) was increased obviously. Increasing rotation rate resulted in an increase in both optimum strain rate and superplastic elongation. For the FSP sample obtained at 1600 r/min, a maximum elongation of 1200% was achieved at a high-strain rate of 1x10(-2) s(-1) and 450 degrees C. Grain boundary sliding was identified to be the primary deformation mechanism in the FSP samples at various rotation rates by superplastic data analyses and surfacial morphology observations. Furthermore, the increase in rotation rate accelerated superplastic deformation kinetics remarkably. For the FSP sample at 1600 r/min, superplastic deformation kinetics is in good agreement with the prediction by the superplastic constitutive equation for fine-grained magnesium alloys governed by grain boundary sliding mechanism.     

Processing map for hot working of as extruded AZ31B magnesium alloy

The deformation behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy as extruded under hot compression conditions was characterized in the temperature range of 200 - 400 ℃ and strain rate range of 0. 001 - 1 s^-1. The processing maps were obtained at different strains. The results show that the map exhibits flow instabilities as two domains. The domain at beyond 300 ℃ and strain rate of 1 s^-1 appears with a peak efficiency of power dissipation about 56% occurring. This domain is expected to happen in a hot process, such as hot rolling, hot extrusion and hot forging. There is high efficiency of power dissipation at temperature beyond 350 ℃ and strain rate 0. 001 s^-1. Such domains suggest the occurrence of superplastic deformation.     

脉冲电流对2091Al—Li合金超塑性及断裂行为的影响

研究了脉冲电流对2091 Al-Li合金在高速超塑变形时的力学行为及断裂机制的影响。结果表明:施加脉冲电流使2091 Al-Li合金在高应变速度(10~(-2)s~(-1))时仍具有较高的应力应变速度敏感指数和超塑性能。扫描电镜观察表明,施加脉冲电流使2091 Al-Li合金的断裂机制由晶界撕裂转变成典型的超塑断裂-在粒子及晶界处形成孔洞,相互连接以至断裂。     

Al-Mg-Sc合金超塑性能的试验研究

文章研究了Al-6Mg-0.2Sc合金的超塑性能。结合Al-6Mg-0.2Sc合金的熔点以及国内外相类似材料的超塑性温度和应变速率,取6个温度点,进行2×10-3s-1的等应变速率拉伸,判断出该材料的最佳超塑性温度在450℃附近。在450℃分别采用5个应变速率进行等应变速率拉伸,得到最佳超塑性条件以及m值,并建立了最佳超塑性条件下Al-Mg-Sc合金的本构方程。     

Superplastic behavior of a 7055 aluminum alloy

It is shown that a high strength 7055 aluminum alloy with partially recrystallized initial structure exhibits superplastic behavior in the temperature interval 400–490 °C within a wide strain rate range from 8.3×10⁻⁵ to 3.3×10⁻² s⁻¹. Maximum total elongation of about 960% and strain rate sensitivity coefficient, m, of 0.6 were obtained at a temperature of 450 °C and a strain rate of 3.3×10⁻⁴ s⁻¹.     

Er、Zr微合金化5083铝合金的超塑性

针对5E83合金(Er、Zr微合金化5083合金),采用超塑性拉伸试验、扫描电镜(SEM)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)和透射电镜(TEM),探究了Er、Zr微合金元素、晶粒尺寸、变形温度、应变速率对合金超塑性的影响。通过再结晶退火、空冷和水冷的搅拌摩擦加工(FSP),分别获得了晶粒尺寸为7.4、5.2、3.4μm的完全再结晶组织,作为初始状态进行超塑性拉伸。结果表明,初始晶粒尺寸越细小,超塑性伸长率越高。当晶粒尺寸>5μm时,超塑性变形过程晶粒粗化缓慢,细化初始晶粒可显著提高超塑性;而当晶粒尺寸<5μm时,超塑性变形过程晶粒粗化严重,进一步细化初始晶粒对超塑性的提高有限。不同变形温度、应变速率的超塑性拉伸结果显示在变形温度为450～540℃、应变速率为1.67×10^-4～1.67×10^-1 s^-1,超塑性伸长率随变形温度和应变速率的提高呈现先上升后下降再上升的趋势;变形温度为520℃、应变速率为1.67×10^-3 s^-1条件下,水冷FSP态合金获得最大伸长率330%...