Shell气化炉恒力吊架系统调试

Shell气化炉装置中,为了保证气化炉温度变化时的伸缩,在合成气冷却器末端装有1组恒力吊架系统,以吸收气化炉及冷却器的热应力。恒力吊架系统在安装和试车期间需要几次定位调试,准确调试对保障气化炉的正常运行至关重要。以下就调试步骤及调试过程中应注意的问题进行介绍。     

一段转化炉竖琴管排吊簧改造及调整

针对一段蒸汽转化炉厚壁型炉管(HK-40)改薄壁型炉管(HP-Nb+M)后,因单根炉管重量减少近30%,受压恒力吊簧无调节功能,不能满足新载荷工况下的使用要求问题,于1996年和2007年两次对弹簧K(弹性系数)值进行校验。鉴于校验值与设计值无明显变化,弹簧特性还处于良好状态,从降低设备改造成本考虑,对竖琴管排承重吊簧进行改造使用,由新核定的工作载荷确定新工况下A、B吊簧改造后的冷态"O"值,并确定管排安装方法和吊簧的冷、热态调整要求。     

大型粉煤气化炉支撑分析

大型于粉煤气化炉通过气化反应器侧的固定式裙式支座及合成气冷却器侧的浮动式恒力弹性支撑的两点整体组合支撑，以某装置的大型干粉煤气化炉为例，对其支撑荷载进行分析，保证气化炉的支撑设计要求。     

玻璃熔窑L型吊墙安装质量控制

L型吊墙是平板玻璃熔窑重要的结构装置,其安装质量直接影响到熔窑的寿命和玻璃产品的质量。依据L型吊墙的实际安装经验、体会,提出L型吊墙的安装是动态的安装过程及安装质量控制注意事项。     

恒力2000万吨/年炼化一体化项目力争10月投产

正长兴岛恒力2000万吨/年炼化一体化项目建设正如火如荼。目前项目进入安装高峰期。项目计划于7月底完成安装开始调试,力争10月率先实现投产。在加快施工进度的同时,恒力炼化分别与中国石油、中国石化、中化集团三家大型央企达成战略框架协议,打通了项目产供销环节,保证了装置后路通畅,同时也开创了炼油行业"央企+民企"合作新格局。为充分利用炼化项目副产品,最大限度发挥炼化一体化     

电石渣浆乙炔回收系统循环水冷却器腐蚀原因及改进措施

针对电石渣浆乙炔回收系统循环水冷却器在运行过程中频繁出现的列管泄漏问题,从冷却器介质特性、安装形式、设备材质等方面分析了泄漏原因。通过壳程防腐及更换材质解决了冷却器列管腐蚀泄漏问题,保障了乙炔回收系统的稳定运行。     

JR2400氨合成系统开车运行总结

介绍了自行设计、制造、安装和投运的JR2400氨合成系统的工艺流程、技术特点,着重介绍了JR2400氨合成塔的结构、技术特点及催化剂的装填和升温还原过程。JR2400氨合成系统采用双废热回收器、双水冷却器、双冷交换器流程,反应热回收利用合理,节能降耗显著。采用新工艺后,吨氨节电149.8 kW.h、节煤0.059 t、多产蒸汽0.356 t。     

Ⅰ钛氯气冷却器损坏原因及预防措施

就Ⅰ钛氯气冷却器的损坏原因进行了全面的分析，指出损坏的原因及预防措施，并对今后钛冷却器的设计制造及安装提出了合理化建议。     

壳牌煤气化装置关键设备安装技术

介绍了壳牌煤气化装置关键设备——气化炉、输气管和合成气冷却器的基本情况;分析了关键设备安装特点;简述了关键设备安装技术要求,提出了安装过程注意事项。     

间接蒸发冷却器布置方式实验研究

在实际应用中,间接蒸发冷却器因表面水膜均匀性、完整性差导致其换热效率低,针对此问题,提出了两侧旋转布水间接蒸发冷却器,并将其安装于地下车站排风坑道内,有效地解决了地铁站空调冷却水系统冷却塔安装位置难题。文章介绍了根据研究内容搭建的实验台,进行了两侧旋转布水间接蒸发冷却器在三种布置方式下的换热性能实验,研究结果表明开孔正对气流方向时换热器换热性能最佳,为两侧旋转布水间接蒸发冷却器的开发提供依据,具有实际应用价值。     

游梁式抽油机换向四杆机构瞬时效率计算的解析法

本文通过建立游梁式抽油机换向四杆机构的受力模型,得到了计算游梁式抽油机换向四杆机构瞬时运行效率的解析表达式。利用该表达式,计算了某型号的游梁式抽油机在给定载荷条件下的瞬时效率变化规律。计算结果表明：游梁式抽油机换向四杆机构的瞬时效率不是常数,除在上下死点位置外是比较高的,其平均效率也较高。可见,靠改变抽油机换向机构的形式,大幅度提升采油系统的效率是困难的。     

延迟焦化装置焦炭塔的改进设计

将炼油行业传统焦炭塔的下裙座支撑改为上裙座支撑,在焦炭塔外壁增加一夹套,改变了焦炭塔的受力,避免了塔体下部鼓胀变形和焊缝冷裂纹的产生。大幅度提高了焦炭塔的使用寿命。     

Global and local mixing determinations for steel converter analysis

The steel converter is one of the major multiphase industrial reactors in which mixing plays an important role. The molten steel in the converter is mixed with the slag by introducing a gas that is blown over the liquid phases (called top blowing), under the liquid phases (bottom blowing) or using top and bottom blowing at the same time (combined blowing). Many chemical reactions that are controlled by the mixing and temperature magnitudes take place inside the converter. All the processes take about 14 min, the first 3 min being for the addition of materials. A 1/10 length scale down of a cold model of a 250-ton capacity industrial converter was employed to carry out the present study. A conductivimetric method was used to carry out the study of the mixing in the reactor. In this study, the mixing in the bath was determined for the three blowing types by conductimetry and the behaviour of the system was modelized.     

悬索桥钢结构的防腐蚀涂装

介绍了一般悬索桥防腐涂装配套体系。阐述了涂装工艺流程和施工时需要注意的事项。论述了在重腐蚀条件下,一般悬索桥的钢箱梁、防护栏杆和钢丝主缆的防腐蚀涂装方案。     

大型高温变换炉裙座与壳体连接区应力分析研究

通过对大直径高温变换炉裙座与壳体连接区域的温度场分析和结构应力分析．发现采用SH／T3098--2011标准设计的裙座顶部隔气圈区域存在一次应力加二次应力超过3倍许用应力强度的情况．裙座在该区域存在安全隐患。分析发现增大隔气圈到裙座顶部的距离．可满足JB4732--1995应力分析标准应力强度评定的要求。选择壳壁设计温度和裙座内直径两参数进行敏感性分析,提出对于壳体设计温度高于350℃、裙座内径大于2700mm的大型高温设备裙座上隔气圈位置应适当加大的建议。     

Retracted: Development of a Highly Sensitive Wearable Tactile Sensor on Fabric by Using Conductive Inks Based on Electrical Contact Resistance (ECR) Change Mechanism

A wearable tactile device, based on the electrical contact resistance (ECR) between the two fabric substrates, is developed in this work for continuous health monitoring. Microscale pillar structures are formed over top and bottom fabric substrates by screen-printing technique with conductive inks followed by the face-to-face assembly of top and bottom parts. The contact areas between the substrates increase after the application of an external force, resulting the increment of charge carrier conduction and reduction in ECR value. To enhance the sensitivity, the device is optimized with two different conductive inks (i.e., silver and graphene inks) to create pillar shaped microstructures resulting a higher sensitivity due to the variation in ECR. This wearable tactile sensor's practical applications also are investigated in monitoring human wrist pulses with wireless module and smartphone, showing its capability in faster response and high sensitivity for internet-of-thing and medical applications.     

A COMPARISON OF THE HYDRODYNAMICS OF OPEN AND CLOSED STIRRED VESSELS

In this study, the effect that the top boundary has on the flow in the bottom region of a fully baffled stirred vessel of standard geometry, was investigated. Measurements of the three dimensional mean and fluctuating velocity components were made with Laser Doppler Anemometry. Calculations of the flow field were made with the commercially available CFD code FLOW3D. Three cases were studied. Two in which the top boundary was located at 30 mm, one with an air-liquid interface (open vessel) and one without (closed vessel). For the third case a closed vessel was also used and the top boundary was located at 150 mm.

The effect of removing the air-liquid interface at 300 mm on the flow in the bottom region of the vessel was small enough to be within the experimental uncertainty. Lowering the closed top boundary from 300 to 1 SO mm had a rather small impact on the flow field in the lower part of the vessel, It was concluded that the detected change is due partly to a direct effect from the introduced lid and partly to the fact that the impeller discharge is affected. The observed changes are so small that it can safely be stated that the suspension capacity of the system is not affected when the top boundary is altered within the limits of the present investigation.     

防止帘布筒产生气泡的一段上压辊

介绍了一种全钢工程子午线轮胎三段成型机上的一段上压辊装置,此压辊长约3 m,直径160 mm,安置在一段胎体鼓的上方,贴合帘布时,此压辊由气缸推动压在鼓面与帘布的切点处。此压辊由295片压片套在一根开槽空心方轴上,开槽空心方轴内部有充气的胶管,充气胶管为295片压片提供压力,且每片压片都能单独在设定压力下通过切点沿直径方向给力,使帘布沿鼓面切线方向贴合时紧贴鼓面（或前序贴完的帘布）,防止帘布往鼓面上贴合时产生气泡,造成轮胎产生质量问题。     

乙腈法丁烯抽提装置溶剂佘热利用探讨

论证了在预分馏塔增设中间再沸器,溶剂余热用于该再沸器加热可满足塔顶和塔底满足分离要求,既能利用溶剂余热、降低预分馏塔加热蒸汽,又能省去原溶剂冷却器用循环水。