生物胺丹磺酰氯衍生条件优化研究

研究了丹磺酰氯作为衍生试剂同5种生物胺反应的条件,优化了丹磺酰氯的浓度、反应体系的p H值、反应的温度和反应时间。研究结果表明:在腐胺、尸胺、组胺、酪胺和精胺浓度分别为8μg/m L的混合生物胺溶液时,5mg/m L丹磺酰氯丙酮溶液与生物胺底物溶液用量比为1∶1时衍生效果最佳,最佳反应p H值为10.5,最佳反应温度为60℃,最佳反应时间为20min。反应条件的初步确立对于进一步优化反应条件和准确定量生物胺含量具有重要意义。     

超高效液相色谱法测定不同品种桃果酒中8种生物胺含量

摘要：目的 建立一种检测桃果酒中生物胺的超高效液相色谱分析方法, 并对不同品种桃果酒的生物胺组成与含量进行测定。方法 样品采用丹磺酰氯衍生, 乙酸乙酯液-液萃取, Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm)分离, 柱温35℃, 乙腈-0.1%乙酸水溶液作流动相, 流速0.2 mL/min, 梯度洗脱, 紫外检测波长254 nm,外标法定量。 结果 柱前丹磺酰氯衍生超高效液相色谱-紫外法可在16 min内完成色胺、β-苯乙胺、腐胺、尸胺、组胺、酪胺、亚精胺、精胺等8种生物胺的测定, 检出限在15.76~21.43μg/L之间, 定量限在53.58~71.07μg/L之间; 日内精密度在0.170.85%~1.883.31%之间, 日间精密度在0.601.02%~2.824.36%之间; 加标回收率在87.8389.71%~108.22104.85%之间, 相对标准偏差RSD≤3.36%。10个品种桃果酒中均可检测到8种生物胺, 其中以色胺、腐胺含量较高, 而酪胺、精胺含量较低。白凤、武汉2号桃果酒中生物胺总胺含量较高, 而春蜜、中桃绯玉桃果酒中总胺含量较低。结论 该方法快速简便、灵敏高效、准确度高、重现性好, 可用于桃果酒中生物胺的分析检测。不同品种桃果酒的生物胺组成与含量差异较大, 选择适宜的原料品种有助于控制桃果酒中生物胺含量。     

两种柱前衍生RP-HPLC法测定酱腌菜中生物胺的比较

本研究分别采用4-氟-3-硝基三氟甲苯(FNBT)柱前衍生RP-HPLC紫外检测分析方法(简称FNBT衍生法)和丹磺酰氯柱前衍生RP-HPLC紫外检测分析方法(简称DNS-Cl衍生法)测定酱腌菜中生物胺含量,并比较这两种方法对酱腌菜中8种生物胺(组胺、色胺、β-苯乙胺、腐胺、酪胺、尸胺、亚精胺及精胺)检测的差异。结果表明,在浓度范围1~100mg/L内,两种方法对8种生物胺的检测呈现良好的线性相关性,相关系数R~2均大于0.999,FNBT衍生法的检出限(0.016~0.071mg/L)优于DNS-Cl衍生法(0.066~0.191 mg/L)。方法的精确度试验表明:FNBT衍生法的加标平均回收率(92.87%~100.18%)略优于DNS-Cl衍生法的加标平均回收率(83.52%~102.33%),两种方法的测量精密度RSD%均小于5%。DNS-Cl衍生法衍生试剂消耗大、操作繁琐,对生物胺检测的灵敏度低,而FNBT衍生法衍生试剂消耗少、操作简便、快速、灵敏度及准确性更高,适用于大批量食品中微量生物胺的快速、准确分析。用两种方法检测酱腌菜中8种生物胺的含量存在显著差异(p0.05)。     

高效液相色谱法测定市售泡凤爪中的生物胺

采用丹磺酰氯为柱前衍生,建立高效液相色谱法同时测定市售泡凤爪中色胺、β-苯乙胺、腐胺、尸胺、组胺、酪胺、亚精胺、精胺8种生物胺含量的方法。色谱条件:C18色谱柱分离,以水和乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,流速0.8mL/min,紫外检测器,检测波长:254nm。在此条件下,8种生物胺在23min内实现了良好的分离,该方法标准曲线相关系数均在0.998以上,精密度在可接收范围内(RSD<5%),8种生物胺的平均回收率在90.41%~99.66%之间。结果表明该方法灵敏度高,精密度和重复性好,可快捷、准确地对市售泡凤爪中的生物胺进行检测。检测出生物胺总量范围在72.42~409.67mg/kg,其中,色胺、组胺、腐胺、尸胺、亚精胺的检出率为100%,其平均含量分别为47.53、26.20、35.65、12.94、8.15mg/kg。     

白酒和黄酒中生物胺的高效液相色谱分析法

本研究建立了1种检测某白酒与黄酒中常见的9种生物胺(尸胺、组胺、酪胺、色胺、盐酸吡哆胺、精胺、亚精胺、腐胺和2-苯乙胺)的柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法,并对其实际运用可行性进行验证与讨论。以丹磺酰氯(Dns-Cl)作为衍生试剂,采用Thermo Hypersil GOLD C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm)分离,以乙腈和含0.1%甲酸的0.01 mol/L乙酸铵水溶液作为流动相A与B,流速0.8 mL/min,紫外检测器波长254 nm。分析结果显示,9种生物胺在质量浓度0.5～50 mg/L范围,生物胺浓度与峰面积间线性相关性良好(R20.998)。选取1.0,5.0,10.0 mg/L 3个水平加标,得到加标回收率83.30%～114.7%,相对标准偏差均低于4.56%,9种生物胺检出限为0.07～0.22 mg/L。采用柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法分离、检测白酒与发酵酒——黄酒中的生物胺,实现了白酒与黄酒中生物胺含量的准确检测。     

HPLC测定虾皮中不同类型的生物胺

虾皮是深受我国消费者喜爱的食物和调味品,为分析虾皮中生物胺含量及种类,利用高效液相色谱法对市售虾皮中的生物胺含量进行检测。利用5%三氯乙酸溶液提取虾皮中的生物胺,并采用丹磺酰氯进行柱前衍生;Agilent TC-C18(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm)柱进行分离,乙腈和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,荧光检测器检测,其中激发波长336 nm,发射波长495 nm。结果表明,虾皮中生物胺有色胺、苯乙胺、腐胺、尸胺、酪胺、亚精胺及精胺等8种,在20 min内8种生物胺得到很好的分离。经方法学验证,线性范围为1~50μg/m L,回收率在53%~183%,方法检出限为1μg/g;RSD在1.97%~3.56%。不同来源的样品生物胺的含量及种类差异很大,可能与加工工艺有较大相关性,该方法灵敏度高,重现性好,可为测定虾皮中生物胺含量提供技术支持。     

新疆熏马肠中生物胺含量的调查

利用高效液相色谱丹磺酰氯柱前衍生法,检测了从新疆自治区4个县市采集的44个熏马肠中8种生物胺含量。结果显示:4.6%熏马肠样品的生物胺(BAs)总量超过FDA规定的1 000 mg/kg限量标准,色胺、酪胺和亚精胺含量在不同程度上超过生物胺安全用量标准,腐胺和尸胺含量与国外报道基本一致。     

水产品中生物胺的两种衍生测定方法比较

分别采用邻苯二甲醛柱前衍生高效液相色谱(HPLC)荧光检测法(简称OPA法)和丹磺酰氯柱前衍生HPLC紫外检测法(简称DNS-Cl法)测定水产品中生物胺含量,比较这两种方法对水产品中多种生物胺检测的差异。结果表明,两种方法对生物胺的检测质量浓度范围在1~100 mg/L,OPA法的检出限(0.03~0.35 mg/kg)略优于DNS-Cl法(0.15~0.90 mg/kg)。方法的精确度试验表明:OPA法的加标回收率(76.2%~107%)略优于DNSCl法(62.2-118%),然而两种方法的测量精密度均小于10%(OPA法1.3%~6.7%,DNS-Cl法2.6%~9.9%,n=6)。OPA法操作简便、快速,然而其衍生产物不太稳定,对亚精胺和精胺的检测灵敏度低;而DNS-Cl法操作相对繁琐,其衍生产物稳定,可同时测定包括亚精胺和精胺在内的多种生物胺。用这两种衍生方法检测水产品中组胺、腐胺、酪胺和色胺存在显著性差异(P0.05)。     

高效液相色谱法测定东北农家酱中的5种生物胺

建立柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法检测东北农家酱中的生物胺。采用5%的三氯乙酸提取东北农家酱中生物胺,正己烷除脂,丹磺酰氯作为柱前衍生试剂。采用C18（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）色谱柱,以甲醇和水混合液进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.8 mL/min,在254 nm紫外检测波长处进行生物胺含量测定。结果表明,东北农家酱中的5 种生物胺（组胺、酪胺、β-苯乙胺、腐胺、亚精胺）在40 min内能很好地被分离。方法中5 种生物胺的线性范围为1～50 mg/kg,相关系数R2不小于0.99;检出限（RSN=3）为0.02～0.06 mg/kg,相对标准偏差低于5%,在添加量为5.0、10.0 mg/L和15.0 mg/L时,样品的平均回收率在82%～105%之间。本方法线性范围较广、重复性好、准确性高,能快速简便地对东北农家酱中的生物胺进行检测分析。     

超高效液相色谱法同时快速测定多种动物源食品中9种生物胺的含量

目的建立超高效液相色谱(ultra performance liquid chromatography,UPLC)同时测定动物源性食品中色胺、苯乙胺、腐胺、尸胺、组胺、章鱼胺、酪胺、亚精胺、精胺等9种生物胺的含量。方法样品经高氯酸溶液提取,丹磺酰氯柱前衍生化,加入氨水终止反应,乙腈定容。采用Acquity UPLC BEH C_(18)(2.1mm×100 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,以5 mmol/L乙酸铵和乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.4 mL/min,采用二极管阵列检测器在波长254 nm下检测。结果 9种生物胺在0.1~20μg/mL的范围内呈现良好的线性关系(r0.999)。样品在20、50和100 mg/kg 3个浓度水平的加标回收率为75.6%~97.2%,相对标准偏差为0.12%~5.32%(n=6);9种生物胺的方法定量限均为10 mg/kg。结论该方法简便、快捷、准确,可以用于动物源性食品中9种生物胺的同时测定。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the