Concrete filled high strength steel box columns for tall buildings: Behaviour and design

This paper presents a study of the behaviour and design of concrete filled high strength steel fabricated box columns for use in tall buildings. The many advantages that can be attributed to the use of high strength steel in concrete filled steel box column constructions are presented and discussed. The paper deals with short composite columns and presents guidelines for plate slenderness and overall column slenderness to eliminate local and overall buckling. A proposed design model is developed to calculate the strength of short columns in bending and compression. A method for constructing the strength interaction diagram is presented. Furthermore, to study the ductility of this form of column construction a cross-sectional analysis computer program was developed to consider the moment-thrust-curvature response of such members. This has been undertaken using mild structural steel and high strength steel. The study also shows that, by the use of the method considered, savings can be made in the base column design of a tall building with a negligible penalty in ductility. Finally, recommendations are given for further research into this new method of column construction, which focuses on future experimental work.     

深圳京基金融中心钢结构施工技术

深圳京基金融中心为国内超高层建筑,采用钢筋混凝土核心筒(局部劲性钢结构)、矩形钢斜支撑、外筒矩形钢柱内扎钢筋和灌注混凝土、柱间腰桁架及连接内外筒的伸臂桁架三重抗侧力结构体系。矩形钢柱截面大、分段数量多、现场焊接作业量大、测量精度要求高、安装场地狭小、施工难度大。选用2台高性能大吨位塔吊作吊装设备,先进行核心筒施工,对施工平面进行分区,合理安排构件进场,科学配置资源。采用先进的施工技术和工艺,完善的安全质量管理体系,有效解决了施工进度、质量、安全等问题,确保工程进展顺利。     

钢管混凝土复合短柱轴压性能试验研究

钢管混凝土复合柱由钢管混凝土柱肢和钢筋混凝土联接板组成。以柱肢钢管壁厚和联接板厚度为试验参数,对7个复合短柱试件进行轴压性能试验研究,同时进行了与复合柱试件组成相对应的4个钢管混凝土柱构件和3个钢筋混凝土板构件的轴压试验。研究复合短柱在轴压荷载作用下的破坏模式和荷载 位移曲线,对比分析试件与对应构件的荷载 应变曲线,研究柱肢钢管壁厚和联接板厚度对复合短柱轴压承载力的影响。试验结果表明：轴压复合短柱受力全过程分为弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段和塑性发展阶段;轴压复合短柱的破坏特征为钢筋混凝土联接板混凝土压碎,此时钢管混凝土柱肢的受力状态与对应的钢管混凝土构件的受力状态不同,钢管混凝土柱肢并没有充分发挥其自身的承载能力;在复合短柱的轴压承载力计算中应引入柱肢承载力折减系数,该系数与柱肢套箍系数相关;通过对现有的钢管混凝土轴压短柱的试验数据进行回归分析,拟合得到柱肢承载力折减系数的经验计算公式;按照建议方法计算得到的复合短柱的轴压承载力与试验结果吻合良好。     

Local buckling of steel plates in rectangular CFT columns with binding bars

This paper presents a theoretical study on the elastic local buckling of steel plates in rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) columns with binding bars under axial compression. It is assumed that the unloaded edges of the steel plate are elastically restrained against rotation, whereas the loaded edges are clamped. Based on the energy method, the formulas for elastic local buckling strength of the steel plate in rectangular CFT columns under axial compression are derived, which are calibrated with the experimental results. Then the formulas are employed to study the elastic local buckling of steel plates in rectangular CFT columns with binding bars under axial compression. It is shown that the binding bars can increase the local buckling coefficient, which results in improvement of the capacity of the steel plate to resist local buckling. Finally, appropriate spacing of binding bars, appropriate limitation for aspect ratio and corresponding appropriate limitation for width-thickness ratio are suggested for rectangular CFT columns with binding bars under axial compression.     

The behaviour of asymmetric slim floor steel beams in fire

Computer software has been developed to predict the structural response of asymmetric slim floor steel beams, used with composite concrete floor slabs consisting of deep profiled steel decking. Comparisons between predicted behaviour and that recorded in standard fire tests, showed that the software is very accurate. By including the rotational stiffness of the beam-to-column connections, the fire resistance of the beam is significantly enhanced. This is mainly due to the connections retaining most of their strength during a fire, since they are fully encased in concrete as a consequence of this type of construction. The analyses presented in this paper indicate that it may be possible to increase the fire resistance of the steel beams from 60 to 90 minutes, by including the connection behaviour. The software has also been used to aid the design of a future large-scale fire test on the asymmetric slim floor system. Predictions of the structural response have been presented. These will enable the fire load and ventilation conditions in the test to be designed. In addition the software has been used to identify the minimum amount of fire protection that is required for the supporting columns.     

矩形钢管混凝土的局部屈曲性能研究

本文用能量法对刚性基底矩形钢板的屈曲性能进行了理论分析研究,利用满足边界条件的屈曲位移函数得到屈曲系数的计算公式,然后进一步用于矩形钢管混凝土轴心受压局部屈曲问题的分析和计算,得到矩形钢管混凝土屈曲系数计算公式,最后根据修正的温特(G.Winter)公式,推导矩形钢管混凝土全截面有效的宽厚比限值及其局部屈曲强度计算公式,计算结果与试验结果进行了比较,吻合较好。本文的研究成果可为相关研究提供参考。     

收缩对混凝土组合板长期应力与变形的影响

混凝土板和钢面板组合而成的单向板常作为永久模板在建筑结构中得到广泛应用。钢面板在浇筑混凝土时作为模板,待混凝土凝固后作为外部加固构件。这类板的使用性能具有时间依赖性,目前对其研究较少,在计算长期变形时为结构工程师提供的指导也较少。众所周知,板底部的不透水钢面板对沿组合板板厚分布的混凝土干燥收缩特性有着重要影响,但该影响尚未被量化。通过试验测定了沿组合板板厚非均匀分布的收缩特性,考虑了该结果对这类板长期变形的影响。组合板的应力与变形随时间变化而变化,该文描述了确定组合板应力和变形的分析过程,通过所测量的收缩特性,给出几种常见板型的分析结果。     

双层框架型清水混凝土设备基础施工技术

宁波某焦炭塔工程基础底板及项板结构厚度较大,高度高且柱身截面大,地上结构立面多为清水混凝土.为确保清水混凝土质量,制定了专项施工方案,取得了不错的效果,可供相关工程借鉴.     

Behavior of thin gusset plates in compression

The use of cold-formed steel members for roof and floor truss applications is gaining widespread acceptance in the United States. However, there is little technical information regarding the behavior and design of thin gusset plates in compression. Thus, a study was initiated at the University of Missouri-Rolla aimed at investigating the behavior of thin steel gusset plates in compression. Key parameters that were considered in the experimental study were the thickness of the gusset plate, the width and length of the gusset plates, the fastener location, and the fastener pattern. Both a plate model and a column model were investigated for computing the strength of a thin plate in compression. Based on the findings of this study, design recommendations are proposed.     

海控国际广场大截面矩形钢管混凝土柱施工技术

海控国际广场工程为带有伸臂桁架的矩形钢管混凝土框架-钢梁-混凝土核心筒结构体系。其外框筒为矩形钢管混凝土柱,柱截面大、钢板较厚,拼装精度和焊接质量控制难度大。介绍了大截面矩形钢管混凝土柱工厂制作、现场吊装、安装、混凝土浇筑及检测等施工技术,并通过施工过程中的工艺优化,有效解决了施工技术难题,保证了钢管混凝土柱的施工进度和质量。     

天津现代城办公塔楼抗震设计研究

天津现代城办公塔楼建筑高度339m,采用带加强层的框架-核心筒混合结构体系,为超B级高度超限高层。外框柱为矩形钢管混凝土柱,和伸臂桁架连接的框柱截面适当加大,低区核心筒为型钢混凝土剪力墙。首层层高16.8m,首层核心筒和相邻层采用了钢板混凝土剪力墙,为提高框架刚度首层顶框架梁采用外包钢-混凝土组合梁。首层矩形钢管混凝土柱施工阶段应力较大,对此进行了有限元分析并采用了设置拉杆的措施。介绍了工程的结构体系特点、抗震性能化设计原则和方法、整体计算结果、罕遇地震下弹塑性时程分析结果及地基基础设计。     

往复偏心拉压荷载下矩形钢管混凝土柱工作性能试验研究

为研究矩形钢管混凝土柱在往复偏心拉压荷载下的工作性能,进行了4个截面外廓尺寸为130 mm×170 mm的矩形钢管混凝土柱模型在往复偏心拉压荷载下的工作性能试验研究,其中:2个试件的钢板厚度为3 mm,相应配钢率为8.14%,一个试件有栓钉,一个试件无栓钉;2个试件的钢板厚度为1.5 mm,相应配钢率为4.07%,一个试件有栓钉,一个试件无栓钉。通过试验,对比分析了各试件承载力、刚度、延性和破坏特征。研究表明:矩形钢管腔体内设置栓钉可显著提高构件的抗拉和抗压性能;矩形钢管钢板厚度较大的试件对栓钉约束能力较强,可提高栓钉与混凝土的共同工作性能。     

Experimental investigation on concrete-filled stainless steel stiffened tubular stub columns

This paper presents an experimental investigation on concrete-filled normal-strength stainless steel stiffened tubular stub columns using the austenitic stainless steel grade EN 1.4301 (304). The stiffened stainless steel tubes were fabricated by welding four lipped angles or two lipped channels at the lips. Therefore, the stiffeners were formed at the mid-depth of the sections. In total, five hollow columns and ten concrete-filled columns were tested. The longitudinal stiffener of the column plate was formed to avoid shrinkage of the concrete and to behave as a continuous connector between the concrete core and the stainless steel tube. The behavior of the columns was investigated using two different nominal concrete cubic strengths of 30 and 60 MPa. A series of tests was performed to investigate the effects of cross-section shape and concrete strength on the behavior and strength of concrete-filled stainless steel stiffened tubular stub columns. The measured average overall depth-to-width ratios (aspect ratio) varied from 1.0 to 1.8. The depth-to-plate thickness ratio of the tube sections varied from 60 to 90. Different lengths of columns were selected to fix the length-to-depth ratio to a constant value of 3. The concrete-filled stiffened stainless steel tubular columns were subjected to uniform axial compression over the concrete core and the stainless steel tube to force the entire section to undergo the same deformations by blocking action. The column strengths, load–axial strain relationships and failure modes of the columns are presented. Several comparisons were made to evaluate the test results. The results of the experimental study showed that the design rules, as specified in the European specifications and the ASCE, are highly conservative for square and rectangular cold-formed concrete-filled normal-strength stainless steel stiffened stub columns.     

高层建筑下部柱的选型与轴压比

在高层和超高层钢筋混凝土建筑中,下部柱的内力很大,其轴力可以达到3000～4000kN甚至更高.在这种情况下,为减小柱子的截面,应视轴力的大小分别采用高强混凝土、约束混凝土、钢管混凝土和型钢混凝土或其复合柱.文中介绍了这些柱型的性能及在国内外的使用经验和轴压比限值,并给出了如何根据轴力大小进行选型的算例.     

侧筒中间大跨度框架的超限高层结构设计——塔里木油田分公司勘探开发综合楼设计实例

该文结合塔里木油田分公司勘探开发综合楼的结构设计实例,对该大楼的基础及上部结构选型进行了分析,针对上部结构的使用功能及受力特点,平面中部采用钢管混凝土柱,两侧为楼电梯间形成的钢筋混凝土筒体,中间大跨度楼板采用了双向密肋板.根据规范要求,该建筑结构除采用振型分解反应谱法进行地震作用计算外,尚应采用弹性时程分析法进行多遇地...     

超高层住宅劲性混凝土柱施工技术

北京SOH0现代城A座地下1层至24层的38根框架边校，采用劲性混凝土柱。钢栓用厚板焊接、专业加工厂制作、现场安装。施工中采用CGM灌浆料，保证钢柱生根质量；柱节接头设耳板，有利于临时固定和校正；用液压直螺纹套筒作锚固块的钢筋锚固形式，施工便捷，锚固可靠。通过采取技术措施，劲性混凌土柱施工速度快、质量优。     

Experimental investigation of concrete-filled cold-formed high strength stainless steel tube columns

This paper presents an experimental investigation of concrete-filled cold-formed high strength stainless steel tube columns. The high strength stainless steel tubes had a yield stress and tensile strength up to 536 and 961 MPa, respectively. The behaviour of the columns was investigated using different concrete cylinder strengths varied from 40 to 80 MPa. A series of tests was performed to investigate the effects of the shape of the stainless steel tube, plate thickness and concrete strength on the behaviour and strength of concrete-filled high strength stainless steel tube columns. The high strength stainless steel tubes were cold-rolled into square and rectangular hollow sections. The depth-to-plate thickness ratio of the tube sections varied from 25.7 for compact sections to 55.8 for relatively slender sections. The columns had different lengths so the length-to-depth ratio generally remained at a constant value of 3. The concrete-filled high strength stainless steel tube specimens were subjected to uniform axial compression. The column strengths, load-axial strain relationships and failure modes of the columns were presented. The test strengths were compared with the design strengths calculated using the American specifications and Australian/New Zealand standards that consider the effect of local buckling using an effective width concept in the calculation of the stainless steel tube column strengths. Based on the test results, design recommendations were proposed for concrete-filled high strength stainless steel tube columns.     

Nonlinear analysis of concrete-filled steel SHS and RHS columns

This paper presents an accurate nonlinear finite element model for the behaviour and design of axially loaded concrete-filled square hollow section (SHS) and rectangular hollow section (RHS) steel tube columns. The nonlinear material models for confined concrete and steel tubes were carefully modeled in the finite element analysis. The column strengths and load-axial shortening curves were evaluated. The results obtained from the finite element analysis were verified against experimental results. An extensive parametric study was conducted to investigate the effects of different concrete strengths and cross-section geometries on the strength and behaviour of concrete-filled SHS and RHS steel tube columns. The study was conducted over a wide range of concrete cube strengths ranged from 30 to 110 MPa. The overall depth of the steel tube-to-plate thickness ratio ranged from 10 to 40 covering compact SHS and RHS steel tube sections. The column strengths predicted from the finite element analysis were compared with the design strengths calculated using the American, Australian and European specifications. Based on the results obtained from the parametric study, it is found that the design strengths calculated using the American Specifications and Australian Standards are conservative, while the design strengths calculated using the European Code are accurate, except for the concrete-filled RHS compact steel tube columns having the overall depth of the steel tube-to-plate thickness ratio of 40.     

Experimental investigation of built-up cold-formed steel section battened columns

This paper presents an experimental investigation on behaviour and design of built-up cold-formed steel section battened columns. The built-up columns were pin-ended and consisted of two cold-formed steel channels placed back-to-back at varied spacing of intersection. The two channels were connected using batten plates, with varying longitudinal spacing. The cold-formed steel channel sections were manufactured by brake-pressing flat strips having a plate thickness of 2 mm. The built-up cold-formed steel section battened columns had different slenderness and geometries but had the same nominal length of 2200 mm. The column strengths, load–axial shortening, load–lateral displacement and load–axial strain relationships were measured in the tests. In addition, the failure modes and deformed shapes at failure were observed in the tests and reported in this paper. Overall, the built-up column tests provided valuable experimental data regarding the column behaviour that compensated the lack of information on this form of construction as well as used to develop nonlinear 3-D finite element models. The column strengths measured experimentally were compared against design strengths calculated using the North American Specification, Australian/New Zealand Standard and European Code for cold-formed steel columns. Generally, it is shown that the specifications were unconservative for the built-up cold-formed steel section battened columns failing mainly by local buckling, while the specifications were conservative for the built-up columns failing mainly by elastic flexural buckling.     

矩形钢管混凝土结构的经济分析

本文对混合结构、轻钢结构和矩形钢管混凝土结构的梁柱进行了经济比较,说明矩形钢管混凝土结构在多层住宅领域中有较好的经济效益.