汽车产品研发项目进度控制研究

针对汽车企业产品研发项目周期长、过程复杂等特点,以及易造成项目研发过程进度控制存在难以精确客观度量的问题.在系统分析汽车产品研发环节特点的基础上,采用基于NAM流程与挣值法相结合的项目进度控制方法,对汽车产品研发项目进度管理进行了系统的规划设计,提出了一种可行的项目进度控制与保障方法,以某汽车企业产品开发项目为例,验证了该方法的可行性.     

面向民机总装的供应商产品交付数据管理技术研究

面向民机总装、以保证供应商产品数据与主制造商产品工程定义数据的符合性和完整性为目标,提出了构建供应商交付SBOM的方法以及基于XML的供应商产品交付规范结构化管理方法,并进行了应用实施,保证了民机产品在工程一总装一供应商领域数据的一致性。     

一种以信息质量为导向的产品研发ProA分解

在知识经济时代,产品研发活动信息作为不可或缺的生产要素在提高制造企业业务流程有效性、高效性以及适应性的过程中都起着支配作用。为了提高产品研发活动信息的质量,以产品研发信息分解过程为导向,基于一种活动及其实现过程(ProA)产品研发建模方法,定义了ProA入出项的质。在此基础上,研究了ProA入出项目标质配置映射,提出了ProA入出项数据重要性判断原则,保障产品研发活动信息逐层分解实际可行,为保证产品研发活动信息逐层分解质量奠定了基础。     

基于可拓理论的产品配置设计

为实现计算机支持下的产品快速响应设计,提出了一种基于物元模型和可拓理论的产品快速配置设计方法.该方法首先建立形式化表达模块和模块族的物元模型.以产品族为基础,针对具体的客户需求,利用质量功能配置瀑布式分解方法对期望产品进行层次性展开,以获得期望模块物元.基于期望模块物元,采用相似匹配算法从模块族中模糊匹配出相似存在模块,以形成产品的初步配置方案.通过解析结构建模方法,确定相似存在模块变换的结构层次.通过相似存在模块的可拓变换,得到具体的期望模块,以建立产品结构方案.最后,以堆垛机为例,验证了产品快速配置设计方法的可行性.     

工作分解结构(WBS)在汽车零部件研发管理中的应用研究

工作分解结构是项目管理的有效工具和方法。文章认为将工作分解结构应用到汽车零部件研发工作中的工作任务分配、文件交付、任务分配、知识管理以及风险管理的具体实践中,可以有效地提高研发工作的效率和成效。     

ISO/TS 16949质量管理体系深化运行模式探讨

潍柴动力股份有限公司作为国内内燃机行业最早贯彻ISO/TS 16949∶2009《质量管理体系汽车生产和相关服务部门组织应用ISO 9001∶2008标准的详细要求》汽车行业技术规范的企业,经过自己多年的贯标经验,总结了具有实际意义和可推广意义的质量管理体系工作经验。针对ISO/TS 16949,质量管理体系内部审核包括质量管理体系审核、过程审核和产品审核,潍柴动力股份有限公司量化了质量管理体系审核,创新了过程审核(生产线稽查模式),坚持执行产品Audit评审,做到了三种审核的全部量化管理控制,并在质量人才培养方面形成了自己独有的发展模式,为目前贯标多年,处在迷茫期的企业提供了一个深化质量管理体系的工作模式,也为贯标初期的很多企业提供了少走弯路的借鉴。     

质量管理体系的建立以及集团审核认证的探讨

本文概述质量管理体系的定义、质量认证的涵义,介绍了ISO/TS 16949:2009《质量管理体系汽车生产和相关服务部门组织应用ISO 9001:2008标准的详细要求》质量管理体系,探讨了质量管理体系的集团审核认证的可行性,论述了集团质量管理体系的建立以及审核、认证过程,对类似中、大型企业质量管理体系建立以及实现集团审核认证提供重要参考。     

基于过程文档的产品开发质量控制系统

为提高IS09000实施企业产品设计开发过程的质量控制水平,提出了以过程文档（设计、质量文档）监控为主线的产品开发过程建模和控制方法;利用质量功能配置和工作分解结构等技术确定某类产品设计开发过程中所需完成的设计文档,并参考IS09000质量管理体系要求的各种质量文档,建立过程元（模板）文档库;基于IS09000过程方法,分析了产品开发过程中各种设计、质量文档的单文档演化过程以及多文档协同过程,构建了各种过程文档的分层控制模型。开发了基于过程文档的产品开发质量控制原型系统,实现了产品设计开发的元（模板）过程定义、产品开发过程实例化、产品开发过程多文档协同监控以及单文档演化过程监控等功能。     

汽车产品数据管理与数字化工艺应用云平台体系结构分析

为满足汽车制造业企业的研发设计数据管理和工艺管理要求,在工业云平台体系架构的支撑下,结合传统的汽车数据管理系统与工艺管理系统架构,研究并解决了基于工业云平台的汽车产品数据管理与数字化工艺管理集成问题;并在此基础上提出了一种面向网络化、智能化、服务化的汽车产品数据管理与数字化工艺应用云平台架构,以满足低成本、高效率、智能化的汽车产品数据管理和工艺管理,并最终通过某汽车公司云平台项目实例验证了该架构的可实施性。     

面向功能需求的产品适应性修改单元识别方法

针对产品内部单元修改操作的效应传导过程缺乏有效的分析方法,导致无法明确优先修改对象的问题,提出一种产品适应性修改单元识别方法。首先,建立功能需求与产品实例功能的量化匹配模型,借助可拓集方法将匹配结果划分为3个功能域,并通过多层"功能—行为—结构"纵向分解得到产品的功能—结构底层映射关系;其次,细化结构修改粒度至零件特征层,构建零件及特征的物元表达模型;在此基础上,构建以零件特征物元为节点的基元有向图,提出基于基元有向图的综合传导度计算方法,并以综合传导度作为产品修改单元的识别依据。最后,以某款螺蛳切尾设备的实例应用验证了所提方法的有效性和可行性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.