天然橡胶的相对分子质量对全钢载重子午线轮胎胎体胶性能的影响及其快速表征方法评价

研究天然橡胶（NR）的相对分子质量对全钢载重子午线轮胎胎体胶性能的影响,并使用不同方法对NR的相对分子质量进行表征。结果表明：NR的相对分子质量与胶料的门尼粘度呈正相关性,与胶料的门尼焦烧时间和自粘性呈负相关性;RSS3硫化胶的综合物理性能最优,10^#标准胶硫化胶的综合物理性能最差;在一定区间内的NR相对分子质量与硫化胶的H抽出力呈强相关性;NR的塑性初值和门尼粘度只能粗略地表征NR的相对分子质量,复数粘度可以有效地表征NR的相对分子质量。     

环氧化天然橡胶和偶联剂Si69对芳纶帘线与天然橡胶粘合性能的影响

研究环氧化天然橡胶（ENR）和偶联剂Si69对芳纶帘线与天然橡胶（NR）粘合性能的影响。结果表明：随着ENR用量的增大,NR胶料的门尼焦烧时间缩短,硫化胶的硬度、拉断伸长率和撕裂强度增大,100%定伸应力和H抽出力先增大后减小,当ENR用量为10份时,NR胶料的综合性能最佳;在间-甲-白粘合体系中,加入偶联剂Si69的NR胶料门尼粘度减小,门尼焦烧时间延长,硫化胶的硬度和定伸应力增大,H抽出力减小,而加入ENR的NR胶料门尼粘度增大,门尼焦烧时间缩短,硫化胶的300%定伸应力减小,H抽出力增大。     

相对分子质量及其分布对高反式1，4-丁二烯-异戊二烯共聚橡胶性能的影响

研究相对分子质量(门尼粘度)及其分布对反式1,4-丁二烯-异戊二烯共聚橡胶(TBIR)性能的影响。结果表明,TBIR的塑炼、混炼性能随着门尼粘度的减小逐渐改善,门尼粘度大于60的TBIR混炼难度增大、加工性能变差;TBIR的综合物理性能随着门尼粘度的增大而提高,但当门尼粘度大于55之后胶料物理性能和动态性能改善效果不显著,TBIR胶料综合性能在门尼粘度为50～60时达到最佳。相对分子质量分布呈双峰的TBIR生胶和硫化胶的强伸性能、磨耗性能和生热性能较优;相对分子质量分布呈单峰的TBIR硫化胶耐屈挠性能得到很大提高。     

TPI的门尼粘度对NR/TPI减震制品性能的影响

研究反式异戊橡胶（TPI）的门尼粘度对天然橡胶（NR）/TPI减震性能的影响。结果表明：与NR硫化胶相比,NR/TPI硫化胶的硬度增大,拉伸性能和抗撕裂性能降低,压缩永久变形减小,在－30,23和70 ℃下的耐屈挠龟裂性能提高,但在100 ℃×48 h热老化后23 ℃下的耐屈挠龟裂性能降低;随着TPI门尼粘度的提高,NR/TPI硫化胶的拉伸性能、撕裂强度和回弹值提高,静态压缩永久变形、动静刚度比和损耗因子减小,耐压缩疲劳性能以及在－30,23和70 ℃下的耐屈挠龟裂性能提高;高门尼粘度TPI在橡胶减震制品中的应用性能更优异。     

热塑性苯酚甲醛树脂的相对分子质量和游离酚含量对胶料加工性能的影响

分别制备不同相对分子质量和游离酚含量的热塑性苯酚甲醛树脂,并测试添加这些树脂的天然橡胶(NR)的加工性能。结果表明:热塑性苯酚甲醛树脂的相对分子质量对胶料的焦烧时间和门尼粘度有一定影响,树脂的相对分子质量增大,胶料的焦烧时间趋于延长,门尼粘度有增大趋势;热塑性苯酚甲醛树脂中游离酚含量对胶料硫化时间和门尼粘度有影响,树脂中游离酚含量增加,胶料的硫化时间趋于缩短,门尼粘度有减小趋势。     

国产天然橡胶在低滚动阻力胎面胶中的应用

研究国产天然橡胶（NR）在低滚动阻力胎面胶中的应用。结果表明：与进口NR（20#标准胶）相比,国产NR的生胶门尼粘度较低,塑性初值和塑性保持率较小,加工性能较好;混炼胶的门尼粘度也较低,硫化返原率稍高;硫化胶的拉断伸长率和撕裂强度稍低,60 ℃时的损耗因子稍大,耐老化性能略差。     

天然橡胶中蛋白质含量对其白炭黑填充胶料性能的影响

研究天然橡胶（NR）中蛋白质含量对其白炭黑填充胶料性能的影响。结果表明：在未加硅烷偶联剂Si69的胶料中,随着NR中蛋白质含量的增大,胶料的门尼粘度、FL和Fmax增大;与未加硅烷偶联剂Si69的胶料相比,加入硅烷偶联剂Si69的胶料的白炭黑分散性提高,门尼粘度、FL和Fmax减小,t10和t90明显延长;硫化胶的物理性能提高,滚动阻力降低。     

纳米微珠二氧化硅用量对空气弹簧用天然橡胶胶料性能的影响

将纳米微珠二氧化硅添加至空气弹簧用天然橡胶（NR）胶料中,研究纳米二氧化硅用量对NR胶料的加工性能和物理性能以及空气弹簧耐疲劳性能的影响。结果表明：随着纳米微珠二氧化硅用量的增大,NR胶料的硫化特性和门尼粘度未发生明显变化,NR硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度先减小后增大,300%定伸应力无明显变化,拉伸强度和拉断伸长率呈减小趋势;当纳米微珠二氧化硅用量为10～15份时,NR硫化胶的耐屈挠性能较佳;在空气弹簧用NR胶料中加入10份纳米微珠二氧化硅能够有效地提高空气弹簧的耐常温疲劳性能和耐高温疲劳性能。     

有机硅乳液用量对天然橡胶/丁苯橡胶并用胶性能的影响

研究有机硅乳液用量对天然橡胶（NR）/丁苯橡胶（SBR）并用胶性能的影响。结果表明：随着有机硅乳液用量的增大,NR/SBR并用胶的门尼粘度和FL减小,表明有机硅乳液可改善并用胶的加工性能;NR/SBR并用胶的t10和t90缩短,表明有机硅乳液会降低并用胶的加工安全性,但可提高并用胶的硫化速率;NR/SBR并用胶的拉伸强度、拉断伸长率和撕裂强度和DIN磨耗量先增大后减小,Payne效应先增强后减弱。当有机硅乳液用量为6.8份时,NR/SBR并用胶的物理性能、耐磨性能和炭黑分散性最好。     

配合剂对NR开炼机塑炼特性的影响

研究了ZnO、硬脂酸（SA）对天然橡胶（NR）开炼机塑炼特性的影响。结果表明,开炼机薄通法塑炼NR时,长分子链率先断裂,导致相对分子质量分布变窄,中等相对分子质量级分数量增多,小分子级分变化不大;ZnO和SA均能加快NR长分子链的断裂,门尼粘度下降更快,SA对NR有化学塑解剂的作用,塑炼胶中中等相对分子质量和低相对分子质量级分增多,可以减少薄通次数3~5次;ZnO和SA同时加入NR中塑炼时,塑炼胶的门尼粘度下降很快,塑炼胶中中等相对分子质量和低相对分子质量级分明显增多,较纯NR塑炼可以减少薄通次数8~10次,大大提高了开炼机薄通法塑炼效率。     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

Synthesis and characterization of homopolymers and copolymers of various acrylates and acrylonitrile

Various homopolymers and copolymers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile in different feed ratios were synthesized. These were characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, DTA, and TGA. Spectroscopic characterization helped in differentiating copolymers of different mol ratios. Thermal analysis revealed different degradation patterns for homopolymers and copolymers. The temperature and energy changes associated with various phase transitions were dependent on the chemical composition of homo- and copolymers, as expected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物质气化及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用

总结了生物质原料的特点及生物质单独气化的缺点;介绍了国内外生物质气化技术及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用现状;分析了在此领域国内外的发展趋势与前景;概括了开展生物质与煤共气化技术研发的意义。     

Electronic structures and reactivities of monometallic and bimetallic clusters of Au and Cu

The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu₃Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu₃Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters.     

钾盐资源及钾肥供需情况分析及预测

阐述了国内外钾盐资源及钾肥生产现状,对国内外钾盐的供需形势进行了分析及预测,从资源、原材料、国际市场三方面提出了解决我国钾盐短缺的措施。     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed.     

Comparison of the Adhesion and Cohesion of Triblock and Random Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene

A substantially greater detachment energy is required to strip a polyethylene tereph-thalate (Mylar) film from a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer compared to that for peeling from a random styrene-butadiene (SBR) copolymer. This is true even though the intrinsic interaction between the Mylar and each elastomer is expected to be similar because of their virtually identical chemical composition. It is proposed that this difference in peel strength (between the SBS and SBR) is a consequence of the much higher dissipative capacity of the former elastomer. Another manifestation of this is the higher cohesive tear strength of the SBS compared to the SBR. Extents of energy dissipation within each elastomer during detachment of the Mylar adherend are consistent with the hypothesis that the average maximum stress experience before detachment is some similar fraction of each elastomer's tensile strength.     

Wetting properties of homopolymers and copolymers of pentafluorostyrene and methylacrylate and homopolymer blends

Polypentafluorostyrene (PPFS), polymethylacrylate (PMA), and poly(pentafluorostyrene-co-methylacrylate), poly(PFS-co-MA) were prepared and the wetting characteristics of polymer blends of PPFS and PMA were compared with that of poly(PFS-co-MA) via contact angle measurements. The critical surface tension of polypentafluorostyrene was found to be 22.6 dyne/cm, which is comparable to the value reported for polytrifluoroethylene (22 dyne/cm). The critical surface tension of poly(PFS-co-MA) is not linearly related to its composition. The polymer blends of PPFS and PMA exhibit significant surface enrichment of the fluoropolymer. The harmonic-mean method¹ was employed to determine surface tensions of these polymers and many known polymers. It is found that the method produces useful surface tension data provided the contact angle values are derived from testing liquids of dissimilar polarity.     

实施水泵节能技改 实现节能降耗

介绍了内蒙古亿利化学工业有限公司在满足生产的前提下,对现有的循环水泵实施的节能技改及效果。     

泡沫起泡性、稳定性及评价方法

本文论述了泡沫的两个基本性质:起泡性和稳定性。对起泡性和提高泡沫稳定性的方法作了评价。