A reconfiguration of fire station and fleet locations for the Santiago Fire Department

The geographical distribution of the population of the city of Santiago, Chile, has changed significantly in recent years. In spite of this fact, the location of the fire stations has remained unchanged. We propose a model for the optimal location of the fire stations and a fleet assignment for the Santiago Fire Department (SFD), aimed at maximising the number of events attended to with a predefined standard response. The results of the model are compared with respect to the current location of fire stations and fleet assignment in the SFD. There are different types of resources (stations and vehicles), and different types of events in which the same types of vehicles are used. We analyse various possible current and future scenarios, using a forecast based on historical data. Our results show that by optimally reallocating the resources a 10–30% increase can be achieved in the number of emergency calls that are attended to with an adequate response in time and number of vehicles, without the need for additional fire stations or vehicles. Thus our contribution is empirical and relies on the real world application which is being considered by Chilean government.     

关于氧气钢瓶充装中的安全问题

介绍了氧气充灌站的防火间距问题 ,防爆墙结构设计问题和充灌站管道流速强度校核问题 ,以及充装工艺的安全问题。     

Observation and analysis of the detachment frequency of coalesced bubbles in pool boiling liquid nitrogen

The detachment frequency of coalesced bubbles is one of the important parameters in the boiling heat transfer model at high heat flux. Although some researches on detachment frequency of coalesced bubbles have been done for common liquids, the work on cryogenic liquids is relatively insufficient. A visual experimental apparatus was built for observing the boiling in liquid nitrogen. The growth process of coalesced bubbles was recorded by a high-speed camera, emphasizing on the detachment frequency of coalesced bubbles from the circular, horizontal heating surfaces. The effects of the heating surface material, the surface diameter and the heat flux on the detachment frequency were analyzed. The available empirical correlations from common liquids are compared with our experimental data to check their applicability in liquid nitrogen, where the detachment frequency is 13.47 s⁻¹.     

大力推广应用和发展充气包装技术

介绍充气包装常用六种气体，和它们在社会各行业的适用范围，阐述了充气包装良好 腐防锈能力，探讨了如何推广应用和发展充气包装技术。     

某地铁站厅不同送回风方式的气流组织数值模拟和分析

地铁站厅公共区现今的空调设计,送回风方式主要有单送单回和两侧送中间回两种。根据不同的土建结构采用不同的方式。但由于空间比较大,送回风方式不合适可能会导致气流组织不良。本文以某地铁站厅为例,利用CFD方法,模拟和对比同一站厅不同送回风方式,并从各方面评价两种方式的效果,为地铁站气流组织的进一步研究和工程设计提供参考。     

混合制冷工质充注装置设计与分析计算

设计了一套混合制冷工质充注装置,该装置采用定容积储气罐,通过测量其温度和压力变化,根据工程热力学原理可以得到所充制冷工质的质量.针对充注过程进行了分析,对装置的结构和原理进行了讨论.运用两种方法计算本装置在环境温度下充注制冷工质的质量,并对两种计算结果进行了对比分析.     

Sand-ejecting fire extinguisher parameter sensitivity analysis based on DOE and CFD-DEM coupling simulations

To get more accurate quantitative impact effects of selective parameters of the sand-ejecting fire extinguisher on the scattering results by the CFD-DEM coupling method, orthogonal experimental design, analysis of range and variance, full factorial design and the OFAT design were used in this paper. The single impact effects and mixed impact effects of blade number, blade incidence and sand mass flow on scattering vertical distance and inclination were analysed and concluded, as well as the details of the sand distribution. The results show that only the sand mass flow has the dominating influence on the vertical distance, while all three factors have no significant influence on the scattering inclination. The larger the sand mass flow is, the more obvious influence of air resistance and airflow from the outlet of the scattering unit can be shown, and the scattering bifurcation phenomenon can be displayed more obviously.     

太阳电池填充因子随日照强度变化的理论分析与计算

根据太阳电池直流模型和最大功率点数学条件,推出短路电流、开路电压、最大功率点电流和电压 以及填充因子随日照强度变化的数学关系式;并选取２个电池分别计算出在不同日照强度下上述电池参数随日 照强度的变化率。验证了短路电流和最大功率点电流是近似跟日照强度成正比,开路电压和最大功率点电压是 近似跟日照强度的自然对数成正比。并提出了填充因子随日照强度的变化关系不具有简单的函数形式,而对不 同的太阳电池其变化关系也迥异。最后用Multisim的模拟结果检验了理论分析计算的正确性。     

大直径盾构侧穿地铁站的变形预测与实测结果分析

通过数值计算方法对北京地下直径线侧穿地铁2号线某车站的结构变形进行预测,并将预测值与实测值进行对比和差异性原因分析,以期对类似工程预测变形、指定控制指标有一定指导作用。     

火灾报警控制系统的优化设计

为了提高火灾报警控制系统的通用性及可靠性,分析了国内广泛使用的火灾报警控制系统的产品特性和目前设计中所存在的问题．利用各厂家产品在网络构成、设计、布线上的共通性,指出火灾报警控制系统通用性设计的必要性及可能性,提出了一种新的设计方法,使之能较合理可靠地适用于目前大多数的主流产品,极大地提高系统的可靠性,以满足建筑市场发展的需要．     

珠光砂进入设备内的清除及液氧倒灌开车

由于V70 2阀后铝管开裂 ,使珠光砂进入塔内和主冷内 ,虽进行吹扫 ,但珠光砂粉末仍未能从换热器内清扫干净 ,影响运行 ,采用液氧倒灌法开车出氧     

制氧机采用冷备用和液体回灌启动

介绍 6 0 0 0m3 /h制氧机实施冷备用和液体回灌进一步缩短设备启动时间的经验。详细阐述制氧机冷备用过程应注意的主要问题及效益     

一管多机布置抽水蓄能电站非线性动力学建模与瞬态分析

一管多机布置抽水蓄能电站存在共用管段引水系统,其中共用管段的水力耦合相互作用是抽水蓄能电站系统动力学建模的关键.考虑共用管段水力系统耦合作用,将其分解成多个仅依赖于各子管段流量的单变量函数,通过结合水泵水轮机组动态特性,建立一管多机布置抽水蓄能电站非线性动力学模型.利用数值模拟探究了两机在额定工况并列运行时,一机突甩全...     

直流换流站噪声计算软件开发与预测水平研究

随着环保意识的不断加强,直流换流站的噪声问题正越来越受到重视.目前直流换流站的环境预测软件几乎都是国外进口的通用预测软件,该文对一款由国内自主开发的直流换流站环境噪声计算软件的软件结构、功能模块、程序编制及基本算法等方面进行了阐述,并对其预测水平进行了研究,结果表明:与国外预测软件SoundPlan与Cadna/A相比...     

高压富水充填溶腔释能降压技术

高压富水充填溶腔具有水量大、水压高、规模范围大、充填介质复杂的特征,工程施工风险极高,采用传统的注浆法进行处理,受地层的不均一性、材料选择、技术水平的影响,难免会出现注浆盲区,施工中一旦注浆盲区被高压水击穿,将会发生大规模突水突泥,造成灾害。针对宜万铁路所遇到的高压富水充填溶腔,通过科技攻关,提出采取释能降压新技术进行处治。经现场实践,安全、经济、可靠,并取得了成功。释能降压技术是针对高压富水充填溶腔采取有计划、有目的的精确爆破揭示,从而释放溶腔所存储的能量,降低施工及运营过程中水土压力对隧道形成影响,之后,通过配套处治措施完成溶腔治理。     

Effects of hydrogen pressure and test frequency on fatigue crack growth properties of Ni–Cr–Mo steel candidate for a storage cylinder of a 70 MPa hydrogen filling station

Experiments to investigate the effect of hydrogen pressure and test frequency on the fatigue crack growth properties of a Ni–Cr–Mo steel for the storage cylinder of a 70 MPa hydrogen storage station were conducted. Compact tension specimens were cut out from the storage cylinder. The crack growth properties obtained in hydrogen gas were compared with those obtained in air. Higher hydrogen pressures and lower loading frequencies lead to faster crack growth. However, there is an upper limit to the acceleration of the fatigue crack growth rate in hydrogen gas, which can be used for the design of the hydrogen cylinder. The effect of long and large inclusions present in the steel was also verified. The observations carried out on specimen fracture surfaces showed that the low population of inclusions did not influence the fatigue crack growth rate.     

光热电站长轴多级熔盐泵模态抗震计算与分析

太阳能光热电站熔盐泵(文中简称熔盐泵)结构特殊、运行环境恶劣,对安全和性能要求很高,模态计算、抗震分析是熔盐泵安全评定的重要环节.使用ANSYS WORKBENCH平台,在充分考虑自重、熔盐泵附加质量、平台约束刚度矩阵等因素的条件下计算不同熔盐液位工况下熔盐泵的模态特性以及对核电安全停堆级地震(SSE)的响应情况,并采...     

Design and performance of U7B beamline and X-ray diffraction and scattering station at NSRL and its preliminary experiments in protein crystallography

This publication describes the design and performance of the U7B beamline and X-ray diffraction and diffuse scattering station at National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (NSRL). The beamline optics comprise a Pt-coated toroidal focusing mirror and a double-crystal Si(1 1 1) monochromator. A preliminary experiment of diffraction data collection and processing was carried out using a commercial imaging plate detector system (Mar345). The data collected from one single crystal of acutohaemolysin, a Lys49-type PLA2 from Agkistrodon acutus venom, are of high quality.     

HPFL加固受火RC梁二次受力正截面承载力研究

 高性能复合砂浆钢筋网(high performance ferrocement laminate, HPFL)作为一种新型的加固方式,具有防火、耐高温、施工简易等优点．为研究其加固受火钢筋混凝土（reinforced concrete, RC）梁的性能,结合已有的对高性能复合砂浆钢筋网的试验研究和对受火后混凝土梁强度、弹性模量等性能的研究成果,采用ANSYS中的PLANE55单元对高温后RC梁截面的温度场进行模拟,并利用计算二台阶模型简化成等效T形截面,考虑未卸载完全下高性能复合砂浆钢筋网同原材料间的应力—应变滞后现象,计算初始荷载下待加固构件的滞后应变,在此基础上结合构件受力情况推导出高性能复合砂浆钢筋网加固受火RC梁二次受力下的正截面承载力计算公式,将计算结果同试验数据进行比较,并给出了工程实际算例．结果表明,理论值与试验值吻合较好,采用高性能复合砂浆钢筋网加固后能提高受火RC梁的承载力,可供有关混凝土结构加固设计参考．     

Evaluation of fundamental and functional properties of natural plant product powders for direct compaction based on multivariate statistical analysis

Direct compaction (DC) is the preferred choice for tablet manufacturing; however, its application in natural plant product (NPP) tablets is still extremely immature. In this study, NPP powders prepared by three commonly used methods were evaluated on their suitability for DC. Extensive characterizations of their physical properties were performed. Multivariate statistical analysis was utilized to explore the influence of preparation technology on the properties of NPP powders and identify the dominating factors that influence their DC properties. The results demonstrated that (i) the 27 kinds of model NPP powders selected randomly in this study could to some degree represent most NPP powders used in actual production; (ii) ～81.5% of the NPP powders exhibited both poor compactibility and flowability, and none of the NPP powders could be compacted into tablets via DC; (iii) the physical properties of NPP powders prepared by direct pulverization were significantly different from those of extracted ones, while there were no significant differences between the water and ethylalcohol extracted ones; and (iv) the DC properties of NPP powders could be improved through controlling some physical properties (e.g., density, particle size, morphology, and texture parameters) reasonably. Overall, this study comprehensively evaluated the current status and application of NPP powders in DC, and is significant in facilitating the development and modernization of NPPs through DC.