高压变频调速装置在凝结水泵上的应用

介绍了变频调速装置节能的原理,结合国投曲靖发电有限公司^#1机组凝结水泵设计参数和运行工况,提出了凝结水泵变频改造方案,对凝结水泵改造后的综合效益进行了分析,取得了较好的效果。     

循环水泵双速改造并联运行经济性分析

针对双速改造后的循环水泵并联运行的状况,从理论角度分析了双速改造后的循环水泵在并联运行时的工作原理。结合双速循环水泵在并联运行工况下的性能试验,应用最小年费用法,对3种并联运行方案进行了经济性比较,为科学指导循环水泵节能运行提供了依据。     

岩滩水电站检修排水泵抽空保护功能的应用与完善

为了提高岩滩水电站检修排水泵运行的可靠性和智能化水平,对水泵运行中常见的抽空故障的原因、危害和特征进行了分析。结合当前的控制系统,新增了电流判据,并对水泵的PLC控制程序和控制回路进行了一系列改造,成功实现了水泵在各种运行工况下的抽空保护功能,有效解决了生产难题。     

常熟水利枢纽泵站水泵典型故障分析与改造

对常熟水利枢纽泵站主水泵近年来运行中发生的典型故障进行分析,找到发生故障的原因,通过水力计算和模型试验研究,制定泵装置优化设计方案,指导常熟水利枢纽泵站加固改造。采用理论分析与试验相结合的方法,对原水泵、流道结构以及运行工况等进行分析。通过原型泵的装置数模计算和性能试验,选择合适新的水力模型,并对原泵装置结构进行优化,改善了水流特性。对水泵结构和材料进行了优化和加强,提高水泵的运行可靠性。改造后泵站机组,运行稳定性大大提高,为"引江济太"调水引流的效益发挥提供了的保障。常熟水利枢纽泵站机组加固改造的成功为江苏沿江泵站运行管理和今后的改造,提供了借鉴。     

珊溪水电厂渗漏排水系统改造

对珊溪水电厂渗漏排水系统存在的缺陷和安全隐患进行分析,阐述对渗漏排水系统改造的必要性和过程。通过技术改造,改善了渗漏水泵的运行工况,取得较好的效果。表3个。     

水泵节能技术在水厂中的应用

在实际生产中 ,水泵长时间偏离高效区间运行 ,造成电能极大浪费的现象在很多水厂的生产中普遍存在 ,它是传统水泵选型方法带来的弊端。通过实例叙述了采用水泵叶轮切削改造等方法改变水泵的运行工况点 ,使水泵运行于高效区间内 ,达到节能的目的 ,并进行了技术经济比较     

净水厂送水泵机组节能降耗经验探讨

净水厂中送水泵房的能耗占比最高,现有水厂的节能工作多数是以送水泵的节能降耗为主。C水厂因实际工况点和理论工况点偏移较大,造成水泵汽蚀严重、能耗高,不满足相关要求。水厂通过对叶轮切割、表面涂层、机组整体更换这3种节能方式进行对比,最终选择对原有机组进行改造这种节能方法。通过对过去几年水量、水压以及水泵搭配的情况的分析,确定相应的流量、扬程、汽蚀余量等主要参数。考虑到抗气蚀性能的提高,此次水泵叶轮、主轴等材料选择316双相不锈钢材质。通过对新机组能耗进行测试分析,发现水泵运行工况得到明显改善,能耗下降明显,汽蚀现象也得到了相应的避免。     

变频节能技术在水厂中的应用实例

为满足供水生产需要,结合哈尔滨市平房水厂泵站水泵机组实际运行工况,进行改造方案对比分析。确定将原有高压机组改成低压变频调速机组,并配合其它定速机组,根据市区供水需要实现实时调控供水生产。根据改造后的实际运行情况,说明其节能及运行效果。     

泵站运行效率分析与节能措施

由于外界条件的变化，泵站的实际运行工况总是或多或少的偏离设计最佳工况，本文根据生产记录统计数据，对泵站及水泵和电机的运行进行了电耗和效率的分析，并探讨了节能措施。     

火电厂电机变频装置旁路方式的选择

介绍了火电厂辅助电机变频器不同旁路切换方式的动作过程,分析了自动和手动2种旁路切换方式对水泵电机变频器和风机电机变频器运行工况的影响,可供其他电厂进行电机变频调速改造时参考。     

The Design of an International Real Time Data Collection System: SADC-HYCOS

It is increasingly clear that there is a need to assist National Hydrological Agencies in Africa to improve their hydrometric data collection capabilities and at the same time to halt the decline in hydrometric standards. This has to be achieved in a cost-effective and sustainable way and, at the same time reinforce existing systems with new technology and equipment and strengthen the institution capacity of these agencies. The Southern African Development Community-Hydrological Cycle Observation System (SADC-HYCOS) will provide the framework, methodologies and tools to achieve this goal. This paper provides the first opportunity to inform the global hydrological community of the aims and activities of the SADC-HYCOS project. Significant advances will be made in the installation of real time data collection platforms and transmission system, the development and implementation of a regional database, the improvement and/or development of data exchange and dissemination systems using a regional electronic network and Internet links, the development of hydrometeorological products from the database and establishing a large scale training programme relating to activities during the life-time of the project. SADC-HYCOS will promote the collection, processing and exchange of hydrological data and information within the region and raise the profile of the regional hydrological issues, hydrological research, operational hydrology, availability of data and information to a global audience.     

农村小型水库功能退化分析及恢复对策

小型水库占我国水库总数96%以上,在地方防汛、灌溉、供水和养殖等方面地位重要且不可替代。因财政投入不足和疏于管护,农村小型水库功能快速退化,总体表现出淤积渗漏严重,蓄水能力低下;水质备受氮磷等营养物质污染,富营养化现象突出;水库出租养鱼后功能单一等特点。针对小型水库功能萎缩与退化的现状,从加强水文、水资源、水质等基础数据调查,依据供用水情况明确小型水库的核心功能及恢复目标,严控泥沙淤积与恢复兴利库容,污染阻控削减和增加水环境容量,发展生态养殖和防治生态过载以及鼓励投入与科学监管维护等方面提出了对策及建议,以期为农村小型水库水资源高效储蓄与可持续利用提供科学依据。     

数字化测绘技术在工程测量中的应用

数字化测绘技术是伴随着计算机、网络技术的发展及测绘仪器的智能化而兴起的一门新兴的测绘技术。目前我国工程测绘的手段和方法产生了深刻的变化,特别是由于全球定位系统（ GPS）、地理信息系统（ GIS）、摄影测绘与遥感（ RS）以及数字化测绘和地面测绘先进技术的发展,并且工程测绘的服务领域也相应进一步延伸,而且正朝着测绘数据采集和处理的自动化、实时化和数字化方向发展。文章针对数字化测绘技术在工程测绘中的应用进行探讨,并结合相关的案例进行了概括性阐述。     

中国非自愿移民组织机构能力建设

论述中国非自愿移民的组织机构框架,认为现有的组织机构有3个层次组成.第一个层次是中央政府的管理部门;第二个层次是省、市、县级政府的行业主管部门及相关政府机构;第三个层次是实施服务机构.对现有3个层次中移民管理、实施、规划设计、咨询服务等机构的能力及人力资源状况进行了分析,提出了加强我国非自愿移民组织机构能力的设想:建立统一管理各行业征地拆迁与人口迁移活动的政府主管机构;加强业主对移民活动的管理、监督、协调工作,业主应设置专职移民机构与人员,搞好移民计划、实施、监督工作;加强征地拆迁服务机构和征地拆迁人员的资质管理,实行执证上岗证书制度,并且建立相应的岗位培训制度     

基于互联网的水利枢纽工程安全监测系统开发

对水利枢纽工程中的泵站、水闸、堤坝等水工建筑物运行状态进行连续自动化监测和评价有利于及时发现工程运行中的早期缺陷,减少事故发生的概率。研制的水利枢纽工程安全监测系统采用了基于Internet和移动网络的分层分布式系统结构,可以实现大范围分布式数据采集、集中监测管理,所使用的振弦裂缝计、渗压计具有安装方便和长期稳定特点。另外,采用基于富互联网互联的软件体系和采用Silverlight、Ajax等跨平台软件开发方法,实现了系统配置、多种数据采集方法集成、基于Web的远程监测和异常报警、监测参数的预测和相关性分析等功能。实际运行效果表明,该系统稳定可靠、使用方便,监测管理人员可以随时随地观测和分析工程的安全状况。     

Fish assemblage response to recent mitigation of a channelized warmwater stream

Various designs of low‐head dams are used to rehabilitate streams or forestall upstream channel incision after channelization. We report on the efficacy of using notched sills and grade control structures (GCS) to restore the fish assemblage in Luxapallila Creek, Mississippi. We tested the null hypotheses that habitat variables and species richness, evenness, and assemblage structure would not differ among: (1) a channelized segment with no modifications; (2) a channelized segment mitigated by the installation of sills and GCS; (3) a segment upstream of the installations and undergoing channel incision; and (4) an unaltered segment. Although habitat variables changed, neither species richness, evenness, nor fish assemblage structure differed between mitigated and channelized segments with both exhibiting less richness and different assemblage structures than the unaltered segment. Lack of differences in species richness between the incised and unaltered segments suggest that the GCS may have halted the negative effects of upstream channel incision before species were extirpated. Conspicuous habitat differences between the altered (channelized and mitigated) and unaltered segments were lack of backwaters and canopy coverage and finer substrates in the altered segments. Our results suggest a more comprehensive rehabilitation strategy is required in Luxapallila Creek. Published in 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An evaluation of flood forecasting,warning and response systems in the European Union

This paper presents results from the EUROflood research project sponsored by the European Commission under the EPOCH programme. The paper evaluates levels of development of flood forecasting, warning and response systems (FFWRS) in the European Union with reference to riverine and tidal floods in The Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Portugal. An experimental evaluation methodology, comprising fourteen criteria and five development stages, is used to evaluated FFWRS. Flood forecasting is the starting point, but the research addresses entire FFWRS. Despite advances in flood forecasting, FFWRS often under-perform because warning dissemination and response are unsatisfactory.FFWRS have developed in response to different water resource management problems, varying flood characteristics and different historic, cultural and institutional factors. FFWRS for flood defence and flood emergency response are the main focus, but they are also important for navigation, bridge clearance, fishing, recreation and industry. France, parts of Germany, The Netherlands and England and Wales have relatively mature FFWRS. FFWRS are much less well developed in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Portugal, and important areas for enhancement are identified in all countries. Cross-country and within-country comparisons reveal the potential for knowledge transfer, although ultimately the unique circumstances of each country places limits upon this process.     

基于模型试验的河床砂砾石层基本特性研究

为了经济可靠地确定深厚覆盖层的基本特性参数,以大渡河双江口水电站坝基河床砂砾石层基本特性研究为工程背景,进行大尺寸模型试验,研究河床砂砾石层的旁压模量和动探击数随密度、级配以及上覆压力的变化规律。根据室内模型试验结果,结合现场旁压试验及钻孔试验成果,推断出坝址区河床砂砾石相关层位的密度,并依此进行砂砾石室内力学试验,获得设计所需力学参数。研究成果可为深厚覆盖层基本特性测试提供新的方法。     

小湾水电站金属结构设备系统研究

小湾水电站金属结构设备的基本特点具有：闸门及启闭机设备形式广，闸门孔口尺寸、承压水头、操作水头、启闭机容量大；闸门及门槽的制造安装精度要求高；闸门及启闭机设备单件质量大，设备现场的吊装难度大；电站引水发电、泄洪系统永久金属结构设备布置点多、面广较为分散，运行维护不方便。为此采用系统工程方法。对在设计、制造、安装、吊装运输和运行各环节中的基本要求(目标)进行了分析估计，对其金属结构设备的特点进行了研究。     

The effect of rivers,streams, and canals on property values

Rivers, streams, and canals support a variety of critical agricultural, industrial, transportation, ecological, and household uses. They also provide important aesthetic, recreational, and sociocultural benefits. This review paper synthesizes the evidence to date regarding the value of these linear water features as aesthetic and recreational resources to adjacent and nearby residents. Specifically, it summarizes 25 studies that have used the hedonic pricing method to calculate the effects of views of and proximity to rivers, streams, and canals on surrounding residential property values. The majority of studies indicated that significant positive property price effects are associated with river, stream, and canal view and proximity, though these effects appear less definitive in rural than urban settings. Implications of the body of evidence for planning, management, and development are discussed, and potential effects of climate change and diversion policies are highlighted. Improvements in measurement facilitated by advanced geographic information systems and rigorous spatially explicit regression techniques are noted.