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介质阻挡放电(DBD)等离子体技术是一种有效的气体污染物控制技术。开展了利用DBD等离子体技术脱除模拟沼气中硫化氢的实验研究,考察了放电能量密度、硫化氢初始体积浓度、停留时间以及含氧量对硫化氢脱除效果的影响,并分析了DBD等离子体反应器中脱除硫化氢的产物。结果表明,DBD等离子体能有效脱除模拟沼气中的硫化氢气体,脱除效率随放电能量密度、停留时间和含氧量的增大而提高,并且随硫化氢初始体积浓度的增加而下降;当模拟沼气处理气量为382mL/min、硫化氢初始体积浓度为4000×10^-6、氧气体积浓度为2%、能量密度为24.1kJ/L时,硫化氢气体被完全脱除,同时氧气的体积含量也低于0.5%,达到了国家规定的车用天然气标准内的硫化氢和氧气含量标准。根据产物分析,硫化氢的脱除产物主要为二氧化硫,少量的单质硫粉。 相似文献
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为探究高温条件下介质阻挡放电特性,采用氮化硅陶瓷为绝缘介质的同轴管式结构研制了一套可在800℃高温下运行的DBD放电系统,研究了在氮气气氛中不同温度条件下的DBD放电性能。结果表明,研制的DBD系统可在室温到800℃范围内实现稳定放电。随着电压逐步提升,内电极附近区域最先发生细丝放电,强度优于外电极;随着温度的升高,放电逐步变得均匀;在维持外加电压不变时升高温度,有效电流和放电功率显著增大;高温环境DBD性能稳定,600℃时系统运行1 h后能量变化方差仅为0. 81。 相似文献
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氮氧化物和硫氧化物在介质阻挡放电(DBD)反应器中的脱除率与很多因素有关,如氧气含量、相对湿度和烟气中SO_2的初始浓度等。本文通过改变SO_2初始浓度、氧气含量和相对湿度来研究脱除氮氧化物和硫氧化物过程中的反应机理。结果发现,在N_2/SO_2/NO体系中SO_2初始浓度在较大范围内变化对NO和SO_2的脱除率影响很小;而N_2/NO/SO_2/H_2O体系中相对湿度的增加对SO_2的脱除的影响较NO的影响大,增加烟气中相对湿度能明显减少SO_2在烟气中的浓度;N_2/NO/SO_2/O_2体系中氧气的增加对SO_2的脱除效率影响不明显,但能促进NO氧化成NO_2或者其他的氮氧化物,同时,在一定的条件下,也能加速NO的生成。探讨NO和SO_2的反应机理,发现SO_2的反应主要与OH和水合电子有关,而NO的反应与O、N等活性基相关。 相似文献
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采用介质阻挡放电对模拟废气中萘的降解进行了研究,深入分析了放电特性和萘的降解特性。研究结果表明:介质阻挡放电过程产生了90 ns脉宽的脉冲电流。放电电压的增加提高了能量密度,从而促进了萘的降解。在7 k V的放电电压下,能量密度达到了236.4 J·L-1,此时萘的降解效率为94.1%。而随着放电电压的增加,萘的降解产物COx的选择率却有所下降。在相同的能量密度下,低放电频率、窄放电气隙有助于萘的降解。介质阻挡放电过程中仅产生6μL·L-1左右的NOx,而生成了500μL·L-1以上的O3。另外,萘的降解过程还产生了萘醌、脂肪族化合物和短链烃等副产物,这表明氧自由基在萘的降解过程中起到了重要的作用。 相似文献
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《应用化工》2022,(12)
为了探究冷等离子体促进煤层甲烷活化转化效果,以自制的实验系统对甲烷、氧气和氮气的混合气体进行了介质阻挡放电。结果表明,随着输入电压的增大,甲烷转化率增加,甲醇选择性减小,一氧化碳和二氧化碳选择性先增加后减小;随着放电频率的增大,甲烷转化率减小,甲醇、一氧化碳和二氧化碳的选择性先增加后减小;随着气体流量的增加,甲烷转化率降低,而甲醇、一氧化碳和二氧化碳选择性增大;随着反应气甲烷体积分数的升高,甲烷转化率和二氧化碳选择性降低,一氧化碳和甲醇的选择性先升高后降低;当反应气中氧气与氮气摩尔比升高时,甲烷转化率增大,而一氧化碳、二氧化碳和甲醇的选择性变化不大,但在氧气与氮气摩尔比为0.25时甲醇的选择性最大;较小的放电间隙利于甲醇选择性的提高,较大的放电间隙利于一氧化碳选择性的提高,而过小或过大的放电间隙都不利于甲烷转化率及二氧化碳选择性的提高。 相似文献
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本文采用光助溶胶—凝胶法制备了掺铝氧化锌(AZO)透明导电薄膜.研究了紫外光照射对薄膜导电性和透光性质的影响.结果表明:光照使薄膜的导电性显著提高,且光照后薄膜方阻的降低幅度随薄膜晶粒尺寸的减小而逐渐增加;而随着紫外光照射时间延长,薄膜的紫外吸收边蓝移,近红外区透光率降低.以上实验现象可能与表面吸附氧解吸引起的载流子浓度增加、迁移率升高以及分层退火处理形成的薄膜结构有关. 相似文献
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Monica Daescu Miruna Iota Constantin Serbschi Alina C. Ion Mihaela Baibarac 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(8)
Photodegradation of the aqueous solutions of acetylsalicylic acid, in the absence (ASA) and the presence of excipients (ASE), is demonstrated by the photoluminescence (PL). A shift of the PL bands from 342 and 338 nm to 358 and 361–397 nm for ASA and ASE in solid state and as aqueous solutions was reported. By exposure of the solution of ASA 0.3 M to UV light, a decrease in the PL band intensity was highlighted. This behavior was revealed for ASA in the presence of phosphate buffer (PB) having the pH equal to 6.4, 7, and 8 or by the interaction with NaOH 0.3 M. A different behavior was reported in the case of ASE. In the presence of PB, an increase in the intensity of the PL band of ASE simultaneously with a change of the ratio between the intensities of the bands at 361–364 and 394–397 nm was highlighted. The differences between PL spectra of ASA and ASE have their origin in the presence of salicylic acid (SAL). The interaction of ASE with NaOH induces a shift of the PL band at 405–407 nm. Arguments for the reaction of ASA with NaOH are shown by Raman scattering and FTIR spectroscopy. 相似文献
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紫外照射下聚丙烯结晶结构和力学性能变化的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
研究了添加α成核剂聚丙烯(α-PP)、β成核剂聚丙烯(β-PP)和纯聚丙烯3种材料在紫外辐射下的聚集态结构变化、力学性能和表观变化的情况.结果表明:与其他两种聚丙烯相比,β-PP具有较高的抗降解能力;3种聚丙烯在紫外光辐射初期结晶度都有所提高,但随着辐射时间的增加,总结晶度都呈下降趋势;β-PP中的β相的结晶度先增后减,而α相的结晶度先减后增,312 h后基本保持不变. 相似文献
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G. Elliott Whitby 《臭氧:科学与工程》1989,11(3):313-324
Some North American manufacturers are selling devices which produce ozone from UV radiation, which is pumped or sucked into spas, presumably to disinfect the water, without having to use chlorine. To test this claim, a private spa used by two people at least once a day was equipped with a UV radiation unit and an ozone (generating by UV) unit. Bacterial analyses were conducted during experiments carried out using chlorine alone, ozone generated by UV radiation, unit and an ozone (generating by UV) unit. Bacterial analyses were conducted during experiments carried out using chlorine alone, ozone generaed by UV radiation, and ozoen in combination with UV radiation.
Heterotrophic plate counts, and counts of Staphyiococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were lowest when using chlorine, next lowest when using ozone #x002B; UV radiation, and highest when using UV-generated ozone. It is concluded that insufficient dissolved ozone is present for a sufficient reaction time to effect disinfection of these organisms by ozone generated by UV radiation. The fact that the odor of ozone was present above the spa water indicates that contacting also was inefficient. 相似文献
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Thomas R. Jervis Michael Nastasi † K. M. Hubbard† J.-P. Hirvonen† 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1993,76(2):350-355
Surface modification of ceramics has proved to be of benefit in a number of applications. Excimer laser light provides a rapid and efficient means for surface alloying and modification of ceramic materials. The laser pulse can melt the surface of the ceramic as well as a deposited metal layer. This results in diffusional mixing in the liquid state, which is followed by rapid resolidification. The high temperatures involved can overcome kinetic barriers to mixing found in ion beam experiments. Tribological measurements on surface treated materials show reduced friction and increased surface toughness. Increased fracture toughness in laser surface alloyed ceramics has also been observed. Excimer laser processes therefore may enable the use of ceramic materials in applications for which they are not now suitable. 相似文献
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PCB油墨是指印制电路板(Printed Circuit Board,简称为PCB)所采用的油墨,光引发剂是PCB油墨的重要组分之一,目前常用引发剂最敏感的吸收波长在365nm左右,与高压汞灯(PCB油墨常用的固化光源)发出的最强波长一致;LED光源发出的光波长是395nm,基于光引发剂的吸收光谱与光源的发射光谱相匹配的原则,随着UVLED曝光机的出现,要求对传统PCB油墨中光引发剂的最大吸收波长做出相应的改变,光引发剂的改变将会给PCB油墨带来革命性的影响。 相似文献