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ABAQUS软件是目前国际上功能最强大的非线性有限元软件之一。该软件包括了众多材料本构模型,但尚缺少国内外土石坝动力分析中广泛采用的等效线性化本构模型。本文在ABAQUS软件上实现了土的动力等效线性化模型和土石坝地震永久变形计算,并通过一个典型算例进行了验证;在此基础上,对一座拟建中的高混凝土面板堆石坝进行了地震响应分析,重点分析大坝的绝对加速度、动位移和残余变形等动力反应情况。结果表明,坝体在地震作用下的响应不强烈,但坝顶出现明显的鞭稍效应,需采取相应的抗震工程措施。 相似文献
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堆石料残余体应变对计算面板堆石坝永久变形的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
混凝土面板堆石坝地震永久变形的预测非常重要。根据它可直接判断大坝的安全,并为抗震预留坝高提供依据。一个时期以来,同时计入堆石料残余体应变对面板坝永久变形计算有多大影响存有争议。采用饱和排水动三轴试验方法得到的动应力~残余应变关系计算坝体的永久变形,所得数值一般偏大。而风干堆石料在排气状态下的三轴试验,目前只能考虑残余剪应变。本文利用前人对不同试验方法得到的动应力~残余应变关系进行面板堆石坝地震永久变形计算做了比较,结果表明:由于坝体运用期间有部分堆石浸水,故其永久变形的计算对浸水线以上坝体采用风干料排气试验结果只考虑残余剪应变,浸水线以下坝体采用饱和料排水试验结果同时计入残余体应变和残余剪应变,比整个坝体采用饱和料排水试验结果同时计入残余体应变和残余剪应变为合适。 相似文献
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由于目前高土石坝强震记录资料缺乏和其它试验技术的局限性,土石坝的地震模拟振动台模型试验仍是当前研究大坝结构地震残余变形特性和破坏机理的重要手段.本文利用大型振动台模型试验,研究两河口高土石坝模型坝的地震残余变形特性和在强烈地震作用下的破坏过程和状态,并类推分析原型高土石坝的地震残余变形规律和动力破坏模式.试验结果表明:地震作用下,心墙堆石坝的地震残余变形相对较小;坝体动力破坏的形式主要是河谷段、靠近坝顶坝坡的散粒体滑移和浅层滑动;多维地震动,对坝体的地震残余变形控制和动力稳定不利.基于试验结果和分析,建议在高土石坝抗震设计中,加强对河床坝段坝顶区的保护. 相似文献
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深覆盖层土石坝三维有限元应力应变分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用邓肯张E—B非线性模型对某深覆盖层坝基上沥青混凝土心墙土石坝进行了三维有限元应力应变分析,采用无质量地基模拟坝基和山体对坝体沉降变形和应力的影响,给出了深覆盖层上坝体的应力和变形特点,特别是沥青混凝土心墙上的应力、位移分布特点,为大坝的安全设计提供理论依据。 相似文献
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高土石坝坝坡抗震稳定分析的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用拟静力法进行高土石坝坝坡抗震稳定分析时,地震荷载按照现行<水工建筑物抗震设计规范>(DL5073-1997)建议的土石坝地震加速度动态分布系数图示确定.但是此图示只适用于150m以下的土石坝,而目前许多土石坝的设计高度已远大于150m.与低坝相比,高坝的高阶自振周期与地震卓越周期遇合的机率增大,高阶振型的振动易于被激发放大,从而导致坝体地震加速度沿坝高分布与低坝有所不同.本文采用有限元法研究了高土石坝的加速度分布,提出了250m级高土石坝的地震加速度动态分布系数图示,并以此确定地震荷载,同时利用筑坝材料的非线性强度准则和土体动强度准则,对250m级高土石坝坝坡抗震稳定性作了进一步的讨论. 相似文献
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基于广义塑性模型的高面板堆石坝静、动力分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
考虑筑坝砂砾料的压力相关性,对广义塑性模型的弹性模量、加载塑性模量和卸载塑性模量进行了修改,并根据筑坝砂砾料静、动力试验确定了修改后的模型参数。采用修改后的广义塑性模型,进行了200m级砂砾石面板坝的有限元静、动力反应分析。计算结果表明:采用修改的广义塑性模型,可以直接得到坝体在地震荷载作用下发生的永久变形;弹塑性分析得到的大坝静力变形、动力反应和地震永久变形规律合理;合理考虑压力相关的广义塑性模型用于高面板坝静、动力有限元分析是可行的。 相似文献
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This paper presents a new method for minimizing transmission line losses and improving voltage profile in a given system by adjusting control variables, i.e., tap position of transformers and reactive power injection of VAR sources. Transmission losses are considered as a function of voltage increments. The control variables and voltage increments are related by a modified Jacobian matrix. Linear Programming (LP) is used to calculate the voltage increments which minimize the transmission losses, and the adjustments of control variables are obtained by a modified Jacobian matrix. Since this method does not need any matrix inversion, it will save computational time and memory space. 相似文献
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A fuzzy-based optimal reactive power control 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A mathematical formulation of the optimal reactive power control problem using fuzzy set theory is presented. The objectives are to minimize real power losses and improve the voltage profile of a given system. Transmission losses are expressed in terms of voltage increments by relating the control variables to the voltage increments in a modified Jacobian matrix. This formulation does not require Jacobian matrix inversion, and hence it will save computation time and memory space. The objective function and the constraints are modeled by fuzzy sets. Linear membership functions of the fuzzy sets are defined and the fuzzy linear optimization problem is formulated. The solution space is defined as the intersection of the fuzzy sets describing the constraints and the objective functions. Each solution is characterized by a parameter that determines the degree of satisfaction with the solution. The optimal solution is the one with the maximum value for the satisfaction parameter. Results for test systems reveal the advantages of the approach 相似文献
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Juan M. Ramírez Rubn O. Tapia Isidro T. Castillo Ricardo M. Dvalos 《International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems》2004,26(10):751-759
The aim of this paper is to expose a fashion to introduce transient stability constraints into the problem of stabilizers coordination solved by an optimal criterion. The problem is posed in such a way that different operating conditions and fault locations may be taken into account, leading to robust stabilizers. The proposed procedure is based on minimizing the incremental real part of modes of concern; such increments are evaluated through second order sensitivities. Inequality constraints are embedded into the problem in order to circumscribe the angular excursions by the stabilizers' action. A nine-bus power system is considered as a sample system to exhibit the main results of the proposed methodology. 相似文献
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交流励磁发电机励磁电源管压降引起的谐波及其消除方法的研究 总被引:1,自引:6,他引:1
交流励磁发电机由于能够实现有功、无功和转速的独立调节,在改善超高压电力系统的稳定性以及变速恒频发电等领域有着广泛的应用前景。交—直—交电压源变频器以其优良的输出特性可用作这类发电机的励磁电源。交流励磁发电机励磁电压较低,因励磁主回路器件(如IGBT)自身特性的影响,使得这类变频器在低压输出时,输出电压波形发生严重畸变,导致交流励磁发电机的转子电流谐波增大,定子输出电压、电流谐波增加。该文详细分析了由器件特性引起的谐波增大的机理,提出了管压降补偿的方法。仿真与实验结果均说明分析是正确的,提出的补偿方法是有效的。 相似文献
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非线性原-对偶内点法无功优化中的修正方程降维方法 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
针对无功优化模型中含有离散变量的问题,采用非线性原–对偶内点法进行求解。根据卡罗需–卡恩–塔克条件下修正方程结构稀疏的特点,首先将松弛变量和不等式拉格朗日乘子的增量用决策变量的增量表示,再将其代入修正方程并从中消去变比和无功电源出力的增量,最终降维后方程仅含节点电压幅值及相角、等式拉格朗日乘子增量。在计及变比和无功补偿装置出力的离散性约束条件下,通过增加无功电源出力作为优化变量,保证了修正方程中变比的海森矩阵始终为对角矩阵,扩展了降维处理方法的适用范围。算例结果验证了该降维方法的有效性。 相似文献
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This paper presents new efficient methods for performing the time integration of finite-difference WENO approximations of
the Boltzmann-Poisson system applied to semiconductor device simulation. The developed methods are based on local time-step
schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws which permit the use of different time increments at different positions in space.
A strategy to dynamically adapt the space-time grid according to the actual stability criteria imposed by the CFL-condition
is proposed. The resulting numerical schemes are used to simulate the electron transport in a n+−n−n+ silicon diode and in a silicon MESFET. Several numerical tests and comparisons with computations performed with TVD Runge-Kutta
type algorithms prove the efficiency of the presented time integration methods. 相似文献
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基于S变换的电压凹陷分类专家系统 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
提出了基于时频分析方法S变换的电压凹陷分类专家系统。分析了由故障、故障自清除、变压器激磁和感应电机启动等原因引起的电压凹陷在三相幅值凹凸性、谐波含量、幅值突变次数和相位跳变等方面的不同特征,利用S变换良好的时频分析能力提取并量化这些特征信息,并引入了幅度因子、谐波增量、幅值突变次数和最大相位增量等指标,由此建立专家系统推理算法和判别规则。采用二十进制转换分类方式输出分类结果。给出了对多级电压凹陷进行简单判别的方法。通过仿真和实际算例验证,该专家系统可对所考查的电压凹陷进行准确分类判别。 相似文献
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An adaptive scheme is proposed for determining the amount of load to be shed by underfrequency relays based on the observed initial slope of the frequency deviation. following the system separation. This initial slope contains all the information required to estimate that size of the step change in load caused by the system separation and to forecast the depth and even the approximate time of the maximum frequency dip. From this observation, the first step of load shedding can be set up adaptively, with additional steps to follow at prescribed intervals and amounts. The first step is considered the most important and is selected arbitrarily at one-half the static load shed target, with additional increments of about 0.1 per unit to be shed at 0.3 Hz increments until the dynamic load shed amount has been reached 相似文献