超临界流体萃取技术

综述了超临界流体萃取技术的原理、性状及萃取流程，以待引起人们的重视，进一步研究开发。     

超临界CO2萃取技术及应用

简述了超临界ＣＯ２萃取技术的原理、特点及其在萃取天然产物内含物方面的一些应用。     

超临界流体CO2萃取剂的应用

当一种物质高于临界温度和临界压力时,该状态称为超临界流体状态。这种超临界流体的物理性质介于标准状态的气体和液体之间。改变施加于流体中的压力,就会使超临界流体的密度发生变化。以高压压缩流体,标准气体的密度就变为近于液体的密度。超临界流体在     

超临界CO2流体萃取的应用进展

超临界CO2流体萃取技术已成为一种新兴分离技术,具有操作简单、快速、效率高、无毒、无污染等优点使其广泛应用于各个领域。文章主要介绍了超临界CO2流体萃取技术的原理及优点,综述了近年来超临界流体萃取技术在食品工业、天然香料工业及中草药开发中的应用,并进行了展望,指出了存在的问题和今后发展的趋势。     

超临界流体萃取技术

超临界流体萃取技术是近年来发展起来的一项新技术。本文介绍了超临界流体的性质、技术原理、萃取过程和应用领域,并提出了在明胶工业中应用的可能性,同时还介绍了国内CO_2工业概况。     

超临界流体萃取技术及其应用

本文讨论了超临界流体萃取技术的特点和工业设计基本要点。介绍了该技术在食品工业、医药工业、化妆品工业、化工、及废物处理方面的应用。     

超临界CO2流体萃取的树兰净油的化学成分

采用GC－MS对超临界CO2流体萃取的树兰净油进行分析。从中鉴定出22种组分，大部分为倍半萜烯，其中α-石竹烯含量为40．6％，外石竹烯含量为18．2％．与石油醚萃取的树兰净油比较，这两种主要成分的含量高出10％左右。     

超临界CO2流体萃取在天然香料中的应用进展

对天然产品的需求导致了人们对超临界ＣＯ２流体萃取取的极大兴趣，本文综述了超临界ＣＯ２流体萃取在天然香料中的研究和应用进展并讨论了它与传统分离方法相比时的优点。     

超临界流体萃取技术应用研究进展

介绍了超临界流体萃取技术在医药,食品,香精香料及化学工业方面的应用研究进展。     

超临界CO2萃取辣椒油的工艺条件优化研究

以三峡库区种植的辣椒为原料,采用超临界CO2萃取技术,从辣椒中提取辣椒油,考察了萃取温度、萃取压力和萃取时间对辣椒油萃取率的影响。结果表明,萃取温度对辣椒油的萃取率影响最大,其次是萃取压力,萃取时间影响最小;超临界CO2萃取辣椒油的最适宜条件为,萃取温度40℃,萃取压力10 MPa,时间75 min,其萃取率为9.37%;超临界CO2萃取技术应用于辣椒油的提取具有工艺简单、操作安全、能耗低、无毒、萃取剂易回收、萃取率和产品纯度高等优点。     

超临界流体萃取塔的设计

流体相平衡数据是设计超临界流体萃取塔的关键。本文给出了涉及三元混合物相图计量的萃取塔的可行性研究和应用的一些例子。     

煤的超临界流体抽提研究进展

超临界流体抽提技术是一项新型、绿色、环保的技术,超临界流体抽提技术应用于煤的目的分为超临界条件下气化制氢,超临界条件下脱除杂质和超临界条件下煤的液化3个方面,综述了超临界流体抽提技术应用于煤的研究进展,并着重论述了该技术应用于煤液化的研究进展,指出了今后的研究方向。     

Determination of heavy hydrocarbon contamination using supercritical fluid extraction with infrared detection

Supercritical fluid extraction (s.f.e.) conditions to extract heavy hydrocarbons quantitatively from soil were developed, using high temperature (150 °C) and an infrared-clear organic solvent. S.f.e. with pure CO₂ at 65 °C gave good recovery of light crude oil components ( C25 alkanes) but did not efficiently extract heavier components. An increase in temperature during s.f.e. to 150 °C increased the recovery of the heavier hydrocarbons, but the best recoveries were achieved by extraction at 150 °C after addition of perchloroethylene as a modifier. Under these conditions s.f.e. (15 min static followed by 15 min dynamic extraction) gave recoveries 5–45% higher than did 4 h of Soxhlet extraction for soils contaminated with light to heavy crude oils, motor oil and heavy residual oil. Adsorption of the extracted polar compounds on silica indicated that both polar and non-polar organics were more efficiently extracted by s.f.e., Since the modifier is added directly to the soil sample, the method does not require either dual pumps or premixed fluids.     

超临界流体萃取技术发展新动向

介绍了超临界流体萃取技术发展新动向、新应用领域开发的实例以及基础研究工作     

Preparative-scale supercritical fluid extraction/supercritical fluid chromatography of corn bran

A preparative-scale supercritical fluid extraction/supercritical fluid chromatography (SFE/SFC) procedure has been developed for the removal of oil from corn bran to obtain fractions enriched with free sterols and ferulate-phytosterol esters (FPE). Operational parameters from an analytical-scale supercritical fluid fractionation technique were translated to and optimized on a home-built, preparatory-scale SFE/SFC apparatus. SFE was performed at 34.5 MPa and 40°C using supercritical carbon dioxide. These conditions did not result in exhaustive extraction of the corn bran, but yielded about 96% of the available oil. SFC was conducted in three steps, followed by reconditioning of the sorbent bed. Preparative-scale SFE/SFC of corn bran produced a fraction enriched greater than fourfold in free sterols and 10-fold in FPE, suggesting that such a scheme could be used industrially to produce a functional food ingredient.     

超临界流体萃取技术的应用及研究进展

超临界流体萃取技术近年来被广泛应用于中草药、食品、香料、化工及环境保护等领域。介绍了超临界流体萃取技术与传统的萃取方法相比所具备的优势及其发展前景。     

煤焦油超临界流体提取的研究进展

超临界流体抽提技术是一项新型、绿色、环保的技术,超临界流体抽提技术应用于煤焦油研究的主要目的分为超临界条件下提取其中成分,使煤焦油轻质化,本文介绍了超临界流体抽提技术应用于煤焦油的研究进展,指出了今后的研究方向.     

超临界CO_2萃取辣椒油实验研究

研究了利用超临界CO2为萃取剂,从辣椒中萃取分离辣椒油的工艺。考察了萃取压力、萃取温度、辣椒原料颗粒大小以及CO2流量等因素对辣椒油萃取率的影响。结果表明,最佳工艺参数为:压力22 MPa,CO2流量0.3~0.4 m3/h,颗粒度30~50目,温度315 K。超临界萃取法具有工艺简单、操作安全、产品无溶剂残留、提取率高等优点。     

An improved micro-extraction cell for supercritical fluid extraction and chromatography of fatty acids

An improved supercritical fluid micro-extraction cell of increased reliability was designed for on-line supercritical fluid extraction and chromatography (SFE/SFC) of food and other lipid-related samples. The key components in the modified cell include a Swagelok stainless steel reducing union with a dual ferrule as the cell, with polyetherether-ketone (PEEK) ferrules and nuts to connect the cell to the control valve. The new cell did not leak under all conditions examined (100–500 atmospheres, 40–80°C), even after numerous extractions (>250). The quantitative performance of the cell was evaluated with fatty acid standard solutions, technical grade fatty acid sources and wheat flour. The percent relative error (%RE) for the fatty acid standards and technical-grade fatty acid samples was ≤6.0% for oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid. The %RE for oleic and linoleic acid in the whole-wheat samples was ≤10%. The results demonstrate that the new extraction cell can be used for quantitative extractions and that the sensitivity of the SFE/SFC technique is excellent. Similar SFE/SFC methods could prove useful in studying the interaction of free fatty acids with various food components such as enzymes, amylose and proteins.