基于CORDIC算法的数字滤波器设计

FIR和IIR数字滤波器广泛应用于各种数字信号处理系统。从坐标旋转公式出发，阐述了CORDIC算法的原理．同时在FPGA上实现了该算法的设计，并且基于CORDIC算法建立了FIR和IIR数字滤波器的电路模型，使之能在同一电路上通过开关控制集成实现。     

基于IIR数字网络的开关电流电路小波变换方法

提出了一种基于无限冲激响应(IIR)数字网络结构的开关电流电路小波变换方法。结合时域直接法和非线性最小二乘法,构造高精度小波滤波器逼近函数。通过采样离散化和标准Z变换,将小波逼近函数转换成离散域传递函数。基于IIR数字网络,设计开关电流1阶节和2阶节电路模块,以此综合小波滤波器电路。以5阶高斯小波变换电路为例进行说明,理论分析和仿真结果验证了方法的有效性。     

基于加权最小二乘正则化方法的混合滤波器组最优化设计

模拟分析滤波器的实现误差以及数字综合滤波器有效阶数实现的设计误差造成的病态问题都将影响混合滤波器组(HFB)的重构效果.提出一种新的满足近似完美重构的基于加权最小二乘(WLS)正则化算法的IIR形式综合滤波器设计方法.该算法根据误差量二阶统计特性采用WLS算法抑制滤波器实现误差以及随机噪声等扰动因素影响,使得到的综合滤波器组频域响应解的加权误差平方和最小化,并通过Tikhonov正则化方法优化解的稳定性.提出一种IIR类型综合滤波器设计算法,并利用正则化方法优化滤波器系数,减小设计误差.该方法可应用于过采样HFB的设计.仿真结果表明该算法的有效提高系统鲁棒性和改善重构性能.     

基于群延迟优化的IIR数字滤波器设计

针对IIR数字滤波器位于通带的频率相量延迟不同的时间量,提出了一种群延迟优化方法。对于级联型IIR滤波器系统,该方法在每一级滤波器后接入一个全通滤波器,对设计完成的全通滤波器进行零极点分析,通过分析零极点在z平面的位置,评估全通滤波器以及整个数字滤波器级联情况的稳定性。仿真实验采用8阶的巴特沃斯低通滤波器,在0～150 Hz的通带范围内,采样率48 kHz,群延迟优化采用一阶的全通滤波器,仿真结果显示该方法将群延迟的变化量在原有的系统上优化了49.58%。对比其他主流的方法,本文的方法具有计算量小和易于实现的优点。     

一种分数阶微分IIR滤波器的设计方法和改进

提出一种在不增加分数阶微分滤波器复杂度的前提下,能有效提高分数阶微分滤波器性能的方法.该方法利用几种基于典型微分算子的分数阶微分滤波器之间的互补性,通过相互内插结合的方式,用于提高IIR分数阶数字滤波器的性能.改进后的分数阶微分滤波器频率响应更接近理想分数阶微分滤波器,表明所提方法的有效性.     

群时延内均衡的模拟滤波器优化设计

为解决滤波器幅频特性算术对称性和通带内群时延波动之间的矛盾,提出了一种滤波器群时延内均衡优化设计方法,即在网络综合法设计的滤波器电路基础上,将电路与时延均衡器直接耦合,用最小二乘法使群时延特性逼近一个常数,然后利用无约束优化算法对整个电路进行优化来降低通带内群时延波动.仿真结果表明,该方法不但能使滤波器幅频特性算术对称...     

基于免疫算法的IIR数字滤波器优化与实现

由于IIR数字滤波器设计实质上是一个非线性高维复杂函数优化问题,文中提出基于具有全局搜索能力强,收敛速度快特点的免疫算法实现IIR数字滤波器优化设计的新方法,给出了IIR滤波器优化设计的数学模型,描述了应用免疫算法优化设计IIR数字滤波器的具体实现步骤。通过低通和高通IIR数字滤波器设计的仿真结果表明方法的有效性和高效性。     

N阶色散媒质的FDTD法与数字信号处理技术

提出了一种新的N阶色散媒质的时域分析方法,并将其表征为一组无限冲击响应滤波器,将色散媒质在FDTD中的表述问题转化为数字滤波器(IIR)的设计问题.改进FDTD能分析处理与频率有关的电磁场问题.为验证此方法的有效性和可靠性,用此方法计算了高斯平面波脉冲入射N阶色散媒质的情况,计算结果与解析值非常吻合.     

任意阶CCCII-C多功能滤波器的设计

提出了一种基于电流控制传送器(CCCII)任意阶多功能滤波器的设计方法。该方法导出的滤波器具有最少的元件,n阶滤波器仅需n个CCCIIs和n个电容,且所有的电容均接地,便于集成且与VLSI工艺兼容。完成了2阶多功能滤波器和6阶带通滤波器的PSpice仿真,理论分析和计算机仿真表明所提电路方案正确可行。     

基于免疫机制的PSO算法中IIR数字滤波器设计

针对微粒群算法(PSO)在搜索过程中粒子的多样性差,易陷入局部最优且收敛速度慢等缺陷,将生物免疫系统中克隆选择机制和独特型免疫网络理论引入到微粒群优化算法中,提出了一种基于免疫机制的PSO优化算法(SOIM)并将其用于IIR数字滤波器的设计.该算法结合了微粒群算法的全局寻优能力和免疫多样性保持机制,改善了微粒群算法摆脱局部极值点的能力,提高了算法的收敛速度.仿真结果表明该算法在多模态搜索空间中具有更好的全局收敛性能和稳定性,是一种有效可行的IIR数字滤波器设计方法.     

基于Laguerre滤波器等价设计的IIR宽带波束形成

常规IIR宽带波束形成器可以获得比FIR宽带波束形成器更好的性能,但其需要多极点的自适应调整过程,存在稳定性无法保证,计算复杂度较高等问题.本文提出一种新的基于IIR滤波器的宽带波束形成算法.该算法基于高阶Laguerre宽带波束形成器,利用双线性变换和函数束方法设计相应的低阶等价IIR宽带波束形成器.仿真实验及理论分析表明,该方法无需常规IIR宽带波束形成器的多极点自适应调整过程,在保证算法稳定性的同时,减少了计算复杂度,并提高了输出信干噪比(SINR).     

Synthesis of coherent two-port optical delay-line circuit with ringwaveguides

A method has already been reported by the author and others for synthesizing coherent two-port lattice-form optical delay-line circuits which have the same filter characteristics as finite impulse response (FIR) digital filters. This paper proposes a two-port circuit configuration with ring waveguides which can realize the same filter characteristics as infinite impulse response (IIR) digital filters. It also describes a synthesis method for realizing arbitrary IIR filter characteristics with the circuit configuration. This method is based on scattering matrix factorization. Some synthesis examples are demonstrated including an elliptic filter, a Butterworth filter, an optical filter with maximally flat group-delay characteristics, a group-delay dispersion equalizer, and a multichannel selector     

Switch-level emulation of strength-base soft error detection

Modern nanometer circuits have become more prone to soft errors necessitating faster and more reliable error detection techniques. Simulation-based soft error detection has been popular but is limited by its inability to handle complex circuits and high run-time. FPGA-based soft error detection methods can be effectively used to overcome the speed limitation of simulation as well as handle circuits with much higher complexity. The paper presents a novel strength-based soft error emulation method targeting soft errors caused by transient pulses of magnitude less than logic threshold. The impact of transient injection location on soft error coverage is analyzed and the idea of using drain of a transistor as transient injection location is presented. Furthermore, the concept of transient equivalence is applied to minimize resource overhead as well as speed-up soft error detection process. Advanced switch-level models are designed using gate-level structure and used to implement switch-level equivalents of ISCAS’85 benchmarks. The experimental results reported for ISCAS’85 benchmarks show that an average soft error coverage of 0.7-0.8 was achieved using the proposed strength-based detection with drain as transient injection location. The application of transient equivalence resulted in speed-up of emulation by 2.875 and reduced the memory utilization by 65%. The emulation-based soft error detection achieved significant speed-up of the order of 10⁶ as compared to a customized simulation-based method.     

Least-squares design of IIR filters with prescribed magnitude andphase responses and a pole radius constraint

This paper presents a method for the frequency domain design of infinite impulse response (IIR) digital filters. The proposed method designs filters approximating prescribed magnitude and phase responses. IIR filters of this kind can have approximately linear-phase responses in their passbands, or they can equalize magnitude and phase responses of given systems. In many cases, these filters can be implemented with less memory and with fewer computations per output sample than equivalent finite impulse response (FIR) digital filters. An important feature of the proposed method is the possibility to specify a maximum radius for the poles of the designed rational transfer function. Consequently, stability can be guaranteed, and undesired effects of implementations using fixed-point arithmetic can be alleviated by restricting the poles to keep a prescribed distance from the unit circle. This is achieved by applying Rouche's theorem in the proposed design algorithm. We motivate the use of IIR filters with an unequal number of poles and zeros outside the origin of the complex plane. In order to satisfy simultaneous specifications on magnitude and phase responses, it is advantageous to use IIR filters with only a few poles outside the origin of the z-plane and an arbitrary number of zeros. Filters of this type are a compromise between IIR filters with optimum magnitude responses and phase-approximating FIR filters. We use design examples to compare filters designed by the proposed method to those obtained by other methods. In addition, we compare the proposed general IIR filters with other popular more specialized structures such as FIR filters and cascaded systems consisting of frequency-selective IIR filters and phase-equalizing allpass filters     

一种基于瞬时无功功率的改进谐波电流检测算法

为满足有源电力滤波器谐波电流检测的高精度、高实时性的要求,文章给出一种对瞬时无功功率的改进方法。这种方法减少了计算量,使得实时性、可实现性增强,可以直接应用于三相三线制,三相四线制以及单相系统的谐波和基波无功电流的检测。并综合考虑FIR滤波器和IIR滤波器的优缺点,使用均值滤波器和Butterworth滤波器的串联滤波方法。计算机仿真表明该改进方法具有检测精度高,响应速度快,易于实现的特点。     

On fast FIR filters implemented as tail-canceling IIR filters

We have developed an algorithm based on synthetic division for deriving the transfer function that cancels the tail of a given arbitrary rational (IIR) transfer function after a desired number of time steps. Our method applies to transfer functions with repeated poles, whereas previous methods of tail-subtraction cannot. We use a parallel state-variable technique with periodic refreshing to induce finite memory in order to prevent accumulation of quantization error in cases where the given transfer function has unstable modes. We present two methods for designing linear-phase truncated IIR (TIIR) filters based on antiphase filters. We explore finite-register effects for unstable modes and provide bounds on the maximum TIIR filter length. In particular, we show that for unstable systems, the available dynamic range of the registers must be three times that of the data. Considerable computational savings over conventional FIR filters are attainable for a given specification of linear-phase filter. We provide examples of filter design. We show how to generate finite-length polynomial impulse responses using TIIR filters. We list some applications of TIIR filters, including uses in digital audio and an algorithm for efficiently implementing Kay's optimal high-resolution frequency estimator     

A new method for adaptive IIR filter design based on tabu search algorithm

Adaptive digital filters have proven their worth in a wide range of applications such as channel equalisation, noise reduction, echo cancelling, and system identification. These filters can be broadly classified into two groups: finite impulse–response (FIR) and infinite impulse–response (IIR) filters. IIR filters have become the target of increasing interest because these filters can reduce the filter order significantly as compared to FIR filters. Tabu search is a heuristic optimisation algorithm which has been originally developed for combinatorial optimisation problems. It simulates the general rules of intelligent problem solving and has the ability of discovering the global minima in a multi-modal search space. In this work, a novel method based on tabu search is described for the design of adaptive IIR filters.     

红外测距仪电路延时模拟检测研究

对红外测距仪进行性能检测时,需要高精度稳定可调的模拟距离测试值。光纤作为一种理想的距离模拟器件具有稳定性好、精度高等特点,但随着模拟距离的增加其存在体积质量大、便携性和灵活性差等缺点。为弥补光纤延时模拟检测方法的不足,研究了基于电路延时的模拟距离产生方法,设计了模拟回波生成电路和高精度模拟回波延时控制电路,分析了系统的固有延时及误差。采用高精度时间-数字转换器件对模拟检测电路进行了验证,模拟距离控制精度可达0.5 m,形成了对光纤延时模拟检测方法的有力补充。     

New perspectives and improvements on the symmetric extension filter bank for subband/wavelet image compression.

In subband/wavelet image coding, size-limited subband decompositions are ordinarily used to avoid increasing the number of samples that need to be coded. To reduce coding distortions that can occur at the borders, the symmetric extension filter bank is typically employed. This paper introduces some new perspectives and improvements to that decomposition. The symmetric extension filter bank is couched in the cyclic frequency domain, providing a framework that accommodates FIR and IIR filters in a natural way, all with perfect reconstruction. IIR filters with both rational and irrational transfer functions can be implemented and, in the context of symmetric extension, can accommodate IIRs that effectively have perfect stopband suppression. Enhancements to the filter bank at a tree-structured system level are also presented and include the application of spectral reversal correction and a transition band normalization approach to designing the constituent filters of the symmetric extension wavelet packet transform.     

Design of IIR digital filters in the complex domain by transforming the desired response

In this paper, we present a new design method of infinite impulse response (IIR) digital filters with quasi-equiripple absolute error in the complex domain. This method is based on solving a least squares solution iteratively. At each iteration, the desired response for the least squares approximation is transformed to have equiripple error. This algorithm is efficient because there is no need for any initial value or complex optimization algorithm. By this method, a quasi-equiripple solution is obtained very quickly with less computational complexity. Moreover, by multiplying an arbitrary weighting function on the desired responses of passband and stopband, respectively, the error at the passband and stopband can be controlled. Finally, we show some examples to validate the proposed method.