Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Funnel Shaped Mold of Thin Slab Continuous Caster

SymbolList Ab,An———Surfaceareaofbroadfaceandnarrowfaceof moldrespectively,m2;Cp———Effectiveheatcapacity,J·kg-1·K-1;Cp,s———Heatcapacityofsolidphase,J·kg-1·K-1;Cp,l———Heatcapacityofliquidphase,J·kg-1·K-1;Cw———Waterheatcapacity,J·kg-1·     

Numerical Evaluation of Two k-ε Turbulence Model for Predicting Flow and Solidification in Continuous Casting Slab

ListofSymbol　　cp———Specificheat ,J·kg-1·℃ -1;　　C1,C2 ,Cμ———Turbulentmodelconstants ;　　Dnoz———EquivalentdynamicdiameterofSEN ,m ;　　fs,f1———Solidfractionandliquidfraction ;　　f1,f2 ,fμ———Turbulentmodelterms ;　　g———Gravitationalacceleration ,m·s-2 ;　　k———Turbulencekineticenergy ,m2 ·s-2 ;　　k1———Laminarthermalconductivity ,W·m-1·℃-1;　　ks———Thermalconductivityofsolidsteel,W·m-1·℃ -1;　　p———Pressure ,Pa ;　　Prt———TurbulentPran…     

薄板坯连铸结晶器内流动传热行为的研究

基于珠钢CSP薄板坯连铸机设备工艺条件和所采用扁平浸入式水口结构,结合铜板测温导出的热流密度分布进行了漏斗形结晶器内钢水流动、自由液面以及传热凝固等冶金现象的综合描述和数值分析.结晶器熔池中以两个上旋涡为主的钢水循环流动局限在漏斗形结晶器内,上旋涡流股冲击和离开熔池液面分别对液面起伏波动有所贡献,弯月面下距窄边100 mm范围内有二次涡形成.除水口下方两侧存在两个具有明显过热的高温区外,熔池中绝大部分钢水的温度在液相线附近保持恒定,铸坯表面温度分布和坯壳发育过程均反映出水口高温射流的影响,铸坯表面最高温区位于熔池液面下方靠近结晶器窄边的地方.     

连铸过程中湍流传输和两相区凝固的数值模拟

综述了在连铸数值模拟过程中，为评估流体流动对铸坯热量传递和凝固过程影响所开发的有效导热模型和耦合模型。根据文献和用商业CFD软件计算的结果分析了在连铸湍流传输和两相区凝固的数值模拟过程中影响模型预测精确性的关键因素，包括有效导热模型中有效导热系数的确定、数值模拟模型的选取、湍流模型的应用、连铸坯凝固过程中湍流向层流的过渡、两相区流动中多孔介质的渗透率取值、固相分率与温度和成分的关系等，并给出选取合适模型参数的原则。     

厚板坯连铸二冷凝固传热模型的研究与应用

以鞍钢厚板坯连铸机为目标机型,按照传热学理论建立连铸二冷凝固传热数学模型.应用此模型对X65管线钢和船板钢的连铸过程进行仿真模拟,模拟结果同实测值基本吻合,验证了模型的可靠性.     

A 3D Mathematical Modeling on Meniscus Solidification and Heat Transfer in Continuous Casting Chamfered Mold of Slab

Herein, a 3D mathematical model is established to elucidate the meniscus solidification and heat transfer in the chamfered mold. The fluid flow, heat transfer, the solidification of steel, the oscillation of the mold, and the steel–slag interfacial tension are considered, and the meniscus behavior on different longitudinal sections and cross sections is discussed. Under the influence of the upper roll flow, the height of the steel level increases from submerged entry nozzle to narrow face, which affects the distribution of the oscillation mark on the surface of the shell. With the mold chamfer and two new corners, the thickness of the slag film at the corner 1 with angle of 123.7° is the largest, and the shell thickness is the smallest, which is related to the 3D profile of the meniscus near the corner. The largest heat flux is located at 10–14 mm below the initial level of liquid steel and is below 3.0 MW m⁻². The heat flux at the corner 1 with small obtuse angle is the smallest on the same cross section, indicating that small obtuse angle near the corner resulted in the low heat transfer.     

Numerical Simulation of Electromagnetic Field and Flow Pattern in a Continuous Slab Caster with In-roll Type Strand Electromagnetic Stirring

The electromagnetic field and flow analysis model were developed to simulate the electromagnetic field and the flow pattern in a vertical curved continuous slab caster with the in-roll type strand electromagnetic stirring.The transient electromagnetic field distribution and the induced electromagnetic force were numerically described.The effects of stirring current,stirring frequency,and different stirrer configurations on the electromagnetically driven flow field in the strand were investigated and the optimization of the stirring parameters was discussed by performing a relative comparison of numerical results.Results show that the in-roller type strand electromagnetic stirrer(SEMS)pair generates the fluctuating magnetic fields,penetrating through the cast slab and periodically parallel shifting along the slab wide face with time evolution.The transient induced electromagnetic forces travels toward the magnetic flux shifting direction.Different stirring parameters(i.e.current and frequency)and stirrer configurations affect the stirring strength and the flow recirculation pattern in the strand,which are closely related to metallurgical performances of the stirrers.There is an optimum frequency to obtain the maximum stirring.The present model provides a relatively theoretical insight into the in-roll type strand electromagnetic stirring system for best operating.     

宝钢1930mm板坯连铸凝固传热模型的研究与开发

以二维非稳态传热数学模型为理论基础,结合铸坯在连铸二冷区的实际热量散失规律,将二冷区相邻夹辊之间传热分为夹辊接触传热、水聚集蒸发传热、水冲击传热和辐射传热四个过程,并根据宝钢一炼钢板坯连铸机具体条件,建立了宝钢1930mm板坯连铸凝固传热模型.利用面向对象的VB6.0高级语言对模型进行编程,开发出相应的连铸二冷仿真软件.利用红外线测温仪采集铸坯温度,对模型结果进行验证,现场铸坯测温和仿真结果比较得出偏差范围为0.9%～2.8%,说明仿真模型和仿真结果真实可靠.利用该仿真软件可以对宝钢1930mm连铸机的二冷工艺制度进行研究和优化,指导连铸生产.     

连铸坯凝固传热的交替隐式解法

建立了连铸板坯凝固传热的二维数学模型,用交替隐式差分格式对模型进行离散化然后在计算机上求解,并用现场测试值对模型的数值计算结果进行了验证.     

基于连续模型的板坯连铸凝固过程的数值模拟

结合实际测量数据，建立了基于连续模型的板坯连铸过程流场、温度场和凝固的三维耦合数学模型。计算结果表明：该模型可用于描述连铸板坯结晶器和整个二冷喷水区的凝固进程；凝固坯壳的生长限制了流体流动的空间，加快了水口出口钢流的动量衰减；流体流动加快了铸坯内部传热机制由对流向热传导传热的转变进程，控制了两相区的发展。     

基于热损失率目标的板坯连铸凝固传热过程多目标优化

基于构形理论,以板坯热损失率、表面温度梯度、矫直点表面温度、表面极限温度和液芯长度组成的惩罚函数为优化目标,在二冷总供水流量一定的条件下对板坯连铸凝固传热过程进行优化,得到二冷区各区段最佳水量分配比,分析水量分配比、二冷总供水流量和拉坯速度对复合函数(板坯热损失率和表面温度梯度的线性加权函数)、热损失率目标、表面温度梯度目标和板坯表面温度的影响。结果表明:与初始水量分配比结果相比,水量分配比优化后的复合函数、热损失率目标和表面温度梯度目标分别降低35.04%,2.14%和59.48%;优化后的二冷区出口温度和空冷区末端温度分别提高6.79%和1.59%。最佳水量分配比方案在提高板坯蓄能的同时也提高了板坯的质量。     

板坯连铸结晶器内钢液流场的三维数学模型

针对板坯连铸结晶器中钢液的紊流流动特征,利用流场计算软件cfx4.3,建立了一个三维有限差分模型,模拟了结晶器内钢液的流场和流动分布,同时应用水利学模型进行了验证.通过数值计算,研究了浸入式水口的出口倾角、浸入深度、拉速等工艺参数对板坯连铸结晶器流场的影响,为优化结晶器内钢液的流场,优化浸入式水口的设计提供了理论基础.     

薄板坯连铸结晶器内流场的三维数值模拟

针对薄板坯连铸结晶器中钢液的紊流流动特征,利用商业软件CFX4.2,建立了一个三维有限差分模型,计算这一限定空间射流的紊流时均场,并采用均相流模型,模拟了结晶器内钢液液面形状及速度场.通过计算,分析了浸入式水口形状、拉速等工艺参数对薄板坯连铸结晶器流场的影响,同时,研究了结晶器出口处速度分布对结晶器内钢液流动的影响.     

热送热装工艺中板坯连铸过程传热的数学模型

建立了板坯连铸过程传热数学模型，并用实测数据对计算结果进行了验证，证明该模型可用于预报不同操作条件下板坯凝固过程中温度的变化和凝固状态。应用该模型分析了影响板坯出连铸机温度的主要因素：板坯尺寸、拉速、二冷水量及冷却方式等。适当提高拉速、改善二冷制度能提高铸坯出连铸机温度。     

板坯连铸二冷区凝固传热过程与控制

依据安钢板坯连铸机的具体条件,建立了连铸板坯凝固传热数学模型,实现了随铸坯钢种、断面尺寸及拉速变化对各回路水量连续实时控制.经现场应用表明,利用配水模型所制定的二冷配水制度是合理的,效果良好.     

H型钢连铸结晶器内钢水凝固传热的数学模拟

 为了解决H型钢连铸坯表面裂纹问题,结合凝固理论建立了H型钢连铸结晶器内钢水凝固传热模型,并应用大型有限元软件ANSYS对钢水凝固传热过程进行模拟求解,描述和分析了凝固坯壳的温度分布、坯壳生长历程及各工艺因素对钢传热行为、凝固行为的影响,为制定合理的工艺参数、提高铸坯质量、减少漏钢发生提供了理论依据。     

酒钢板坯中间包等温钢液流场的数值模拟

 以酒钢板坯连铸中间包为研究对象,利用数学模拟方法,以挡墙与入口处、挡坝间的距离,挡墙和挡坝高度等为影响参数,对板坯连铸中间包流场进行优化设计,研究了中间包内钢液流场,对目前使用的中间包结构进行了优化,得出了有利于生产的设计数据。优化后酒钢二炼钢生产的铸坯在中板轧制时夹杂物缺陷下降了0.5%,提高了中间包的冶金功能。     

Heat Transfer and Deformation Behavior of Shell Solidification in Wide and Thick Slab Continuous Casting Mold

With the considerations of the behaviors of shell deformation, mold flux film and air gap dynamic distribution in shell/mold gap, a two dimensional slice-travel transient thermo-mechanical coupled model of simulation shell solidification in wide and thick slab continuous casting mold was developed by using the commercial program ANSYS. The evolutions of strand-mold system thermal behaviors, including the air gap formation and the mold flux film dynamical distribution in shell/mold gap and shell temperature field, and the evolutions of shell deformation and stress distribution of peritectic steel solidified in a 2120 mm wide and 266 mm thick slab continuous casting mold were analyzed. The results show that the air gap formation and the thick mold flux film distribution mainly concentrate in the regions 0–21 mm and 0–7 mm, 0–120 mm and 0–100 mm off the shell wide and narrow faces corners, and thus the hot spots are given rise to form in the regions 15–55 mm and 15–50 mm off the shell wide and narrow face corners. The shell server deformation occurs in the off-corners in the middle and lower parts of the mold. The stress evolution in shell surface is tensile stress, while that in shell solidification front is compressive stress.     

连铸坯凝固过程中传输现象基础知识系列讲座 第十五讲热量传输基础知识和连铸坯凝固传热特点

介绍了传热学的一些基本概念、原理和传热微分方程、定解条件及连铸坯凝固的特点。连铸坯的凝固过程可概括为一个内部具有液相流动的热量传递过程，并把坯壳在连铸机中的冷却看成是“热处理”过程。