930dtex/2锦纶66帘线在半钢子午线轮胎冠带层中的应用

研究930dtex/2锦纶66帘线在半钢子午线轮胎冠带层中的应用。结果表明：采用930dtex/2锦纶66帘线等密度替代1400dtex/2锦纶66帘线用于半钢子午线轮胎冠带层,帘布压延工艺稳定,成品轮胎的强度、耐久和高速性能无明显差异,且均达到企业标准要求,同时原材料成本降低。     

930dtex/2-94锦纶66浸胶帘布在轿车子午线轮胎冠带层中的应用

试验研究930dtex/2-94锦纶66浸胶帘布在轿车子午线轮胎冠带层中的应用效果.结果表明,与930dtex/2-94改性锦纶66浸胶帘布相比,930dtex/2-94锦纶66浸胶帘布的断裂强力、H抽出力和干热收缩率低,帘线直径一致,定负荷伸长率高,两者主要性能均达到轮胎冠带层用纤维帘布指标要求.用930dtex/2-94锦纶66浸胶帘布替代930dtex/2-94改性锦纶66浸胶帘布用于轿车子午线轮胎冠带层,无需改变加工工艺和轮胎设计,成品轮胎的外缘尺寸、强度性能和高速性能基本不变,均达到相应国家标准要求,生产成本略微降低.     

225/35ZR20 90W低断面高性能轿车子午线轮胎的设计

介绍225/35ZR20 90W低断面高性能轿车子午线轮胎的设计。结构设计:轮胎外直径664 mm,断面宽231 mm,胎圈着合直径511.2 mm,断面水平轴位置(H1/H2)0.866 3,采用单向防水滑胎面花纹。施工设计:胎面采用三方四块结构,胎体采用1层1440dtex/3改性锦纶66浸胶帘布,带束层采用3×0.30HT钢丝帘线,冠带条采用930dtex/2锦纶66浸胶帘布并以S型方式缠绕,六角形钢丝圈采用Φ1.2 mm胎圈钢丝,采用半鼓式成型机头成型、液压硫化机硫化。成品轮胎试验结果表明,轮胎的外缘尺寸满足设计要求,强度性能和脱圈阻力符合国家标准要求,耐久性能、低气压性能和高速性能良好。     

930dtex/2锦纶66即用型冠带条在轿车和轻型载重子午线轮胎中的应用

研究930dtex/2锦纶66即用型冠带条在轿车和轻型载重子午线轮胎中的应用。结果表明,930dtex/2锦纶66即用型冠带条不经过压延覆胶,直接成型使用,工艺得到简化。以930dtex/2锦纶66即用型冠带条替代930dtex/2锦纶66压延帘布冠带条用于255/35R20 TR968规格子午线轮胎,轮胎外缘尺寸基本不变,高速性能提高,滚动阻力降低,且轮胎质量减小,制造成本降低。     

国(境)外轮胎剖析所揭示的骨架材料发展变化

介绍国(境)外轮胎剖析所揭示的骨架材料发展变化情况。纤维骨架材料:新品种纤维帘布不断出现,原有帘布的性能和规格产生变化,加粗帘线和加密帘布涌现;载重斜交轮胎胎体骨架材料仍然首选锦纶6和锦纶66帘线;高速、高性能轿车轮胎冠带层主要采用930dtex/2和1400dtex/1(2)低捻度锦纶66帘线;聚酯适用于Z级以下速度级别的轿车子午线轮胎和轻型载重子午线轮胎;人造丝改进后成为高性能和跑气保用轮胎的首选骨架材料;芳纶开始用于三角胶和钢丝圈包布以及胎体冠带层中。钢丝骨架材料:钢丝帘线强度提高,国外轮胎公司主要采用高强度或超高强度钢丝帘线,破断强度基本保持在2 700~3 200 MPa,原有结构钢丝帘线仍在使用,新结构钢丝帘线不断出现;轿车轮胎多采用直径为1.25 mm左右的胎圈钢丝,破断强度为2 000 MPa左右,轻型载重和全钢载重子午线轮胎胎圈钢丝直径一直保持在1.3~1.6 mm。     

930dtex/2锦纶6浸胶帘布在轻型载重子午线轮胎胎圈包布中的应用

试验研究930dtex／2锦纶6浸胶帘布替代3780dtex／1×3780dtex／1锦纶66网眼布在7．00R1612PR轻型载重子午线轮胎胎圈包布中的应用效果。结果表明,930dtex／2锦纶6浸胶帘布的帘线结构简单、强力高、与橡胶结合好;替代3780dtex／1×3780dtex／1锦纶66网眼布用作7．00R1612PR轻型载重子午线轮胎胎圈包布,可以提高成品轮胎的胎圈耐久性能,同时降低生产成本。     

从国(境)外轮胎剖析看纤维骨架材料的应用现状

介绍2000年以来国(境)外轮胎剖析的骨架材料应用情况.锦纶帘线主要用于载重斜交轮胎,也用于轿车子午线轮胎的冠带层;聚酯帘线,特别是DSP帘线正逐渐替代人造丝用于轿车和轻载子午线轮胎乃至Z速度级高性能轮胎;人造丝用量正逐渐削减;芳纶纤维可代替钢丝用于高档轿车子午线轮胎的带束层和冠带层,也用于重型载重子午线轮胎胎体和工程机械斜交轮胎的缓冲层;维尼纶纤维仅在日本生产的轮胎中用于胎圈包布等小部件.     

半钢轿车子午线轮胎工厂生产工艺

子午线轮胎胎体帘线排列方式与斜交轮胎不同,不是交叉排列,是与轮胎断面平行与胎冠中心呈90°角或接近90°角排列,由帘线周向排列或接近周向排列的带束层箍在胎体上形成一条几乎不能伸张的刚性环形带.半钢子午线轮胎胎体骨架采用人造丝或其他纤维,带束层的骨架材料采用钢丝帘线,一般而言,轿车胎都是半钢子午线轮胎,卡车胎都是全钢子午...     

LT265/70R17 121/118Q 10PR MT半钢子午线轮胎的设计

介绍LT265/70R17 121/118Q 10PR MT半钢子午线轮胎的设计。结构设计：外直径　804 mm,断面宽　268 mm,行驶面宽度　206 mm,行驶面弧度高　10.8 mm,胎圈着合直径　435.2 mm,胎圈着合宽度　228.6 mm,断面水平轴位置（H1/H2）　0.932。施工设计：胎面采用三方四块结构,冠带层采用2层1400dtex/2锦纶66浸胶帘布,带束层采用2层2＋7×0.28HT钢丝帘线,胎体采用1670dtex/2-100EPD高模量低收缩聚酯帘线,采用二次法成型机成型、B型液压硫化机和氮气硫化工艺硫化。成品性能试验结果表明,轮胎的充气外缘尺寸、强度性能、耐久性能和高速性能均符合设计要求。     

子午线轮胎用纤维骨架材料的发展概况

从子午线轮胎向高速化和环保化发展的角度 ,阐述对纤维骨架材料的性能要求 ,对比分析人造丝、聚酯、锦纶和芳纶帘线在轿车和轻载子午线轮胎中的应用前景。人造丝帘线可用于高性能原配子午线轮胎的胎体帘布层 ;聚酯帘线适用于V速度级以下的轿车和轻载子午线轮胎胎体帘布层 ;锦纶 66帘线适用于轿车和轻载子午线轮胎胎体帘布层 ,特别适用于V速度级以上的轿车子午线轮胎胎体帘布层和轿车子午线轮胎的冠带层 ;芳纶帘线用于子午线轮胎带束层取代钢丝帘线 ,并用于高速轮胎、超轻量轮胎、绿色轮胎等高性能轮胎的胎体帘布层和胎圈芯等替代子午线轮胎中所有的金属部件。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。