长江堤防中混凝土护坡

结合护坡在堤防工程中的重要性,分析比较了混凝土护坡与其他形式护坡,从现浇混凝土护坡和预制混凝土护坡两方面对混凝土的护坡形式进行了比较,探讨了长江堤防中混凝土护坡应注意控制的几个问题,以推广混凝土护坡的应用。     

立体生态景观的适应性重构 ——山地城市河流护岸草本植物群落生态种植

Plant communities in mountainous cities play significant roles in revetment protection, sediment interception, water purification, ecological buffer, biodiversity conservation, and landscape quality improvement. Meanwhile, the local complex hydrologic conditions may pose adversity stress to the structure, function, and ecological process of these plant communities. This paper introduces the restoration practices of river revetments in the Jiulong Waitan section of Chongqing employing ecological planting strategies. First, a technical framework was proposed for the re-establishment of riparian herbaceous communities as the multilayered semi-natural meadows that were planted by strips and zones upon hydrologic conditions. Second, principles and modes of these ecological planting practices were elaborated. Third, an evaluation on the communities’ performance indicated that they could adapt to the complex hydrological conditions in mountainous cities, including sharp rise and fall of river level during summer floods, high temperature, and storm runoff. This study may provide a scientific reference for riverfront landscape optimization of the main stream of the Yangtze River, and a paradigm for the ecological conservation and the establishment of ecological barrier for the upper reaches.     

A wave flume experiment for studying erosion mechanism of revetments using geotextiles

Unfavorable erosion to a revetment can affect the stability of the bank and may jeopardize the safety of adjacent structures, thus improvement work is needed to increase the stability of the revetment as well as reducing the possibility of failure. The use of geotextiles as a protection material for banks is not only environmentally friendly, but also stable in the long run. However, improper design of geotextiles may cause considerable loss of soil, which might result in failure. The actual flow behavior in revetments using geotextiles is rather complicated and can be categorized into three zones, namely, the uni-directional flow zone, the cyclic flow zone, and the tangential flow zone. In this study, a wave flume experiment was performed on model revetments using two kinds of geotextiles as the filter material to prevent erosion induced by cyclic flows. Soil migration behaviors were monitored. Furthermore, two kinds of cover blocks, riprap and concrete blocks, were carefully placed on the revetments in order to avoid puncture and abrasion of geotextiles during construction of revetments. The main purpose of this study is to elucidate the erosion control and filtration performance of soil-geotextile filtration systems under wave action. Two nonwoven needle punched geotextiles were tested. The geotextiles both have the same characteristic opening size, but have a different number of constrictions and different structures. One is a thin double-layer nonwoven material consisting of continuous filaments and the other is a thick one-layer nonwoven material consisting of short fibers.     

城市河道浆砌石护岸生态景观改造研究

由于现阶段城市河道的硬质化严重,特别是浆砌石护岸,虽然满足了防洪的要求,但是对河流的整个生态系统平衡及生物多样性造成不良影响。本文从浆砌石护岸的缺点出发利用植物特别是藤本植物的特性来美化河岸,通过对藤本植物的筛选,最终确定适合在长江中下游流域生长的藤蔓植物来丰富河道岸线景观,缓解对河流生态系统的影响。     

生态护坡技术在城市河道整治中的应用

简述了传统混凝土护坡对河道生态环境的影响,介绍了三维植被网护坡和植被型生态混凝土护坡技术在天津市河道整治中的应用,分析了这两种生态护坡技术的质量控制要点及在实际应用中应注意的问题。     

生态河道的坡岸绿化技术探索与应用

河道生态系统中的河岸侵蚀和滨水缓冲带建设备受关注。以上海市浦东新区机场镇的生态河道示范工程为例,介绍了以生态修复和稳定坡岸为目标的河道生态护坡技术。在不同河段分别采用了全系列生态护坡、土壤生物工程护坡和复合式生物稳定3类生态护坡技术:对比了工程实施后河道坡岸10个月来的坡岸土壤剪切力、生境条件和生物多样性变化。研究和示范工程表明,采用河道生态护坡技术可以稳定坡岸、改善坡岸的栖息地质量、修复河道的生态环境。生态河道的坡岸绿化技术可以在我国各类岸坡的生态修复和边坡绿化中广泛运用。     

预制混凝土板桩在内河航道中的应用研究

总结了板桩的应用历史,介绍了板桩在内河航道中的应用方法以及研究方法,分析了预制混凝土板桩在内河航道中应用的可行性,为以后预制混凝土板桩在航道护岸中的应用可行性提供研究方法的参考。     

装配式生态混凝土护岸应用现状与试验研究

对目前河道护岸工程中生态混凝土施工现状进行了分析,针对现浇生态混凝土存在的问题,提出了装配式生态混凝土结构体系,并总结了装配式生态混凝土的特点,通过试验表明:研究和开发装配式生态混凝土对推动护岸技术的发展有深远意义。     

浅谈城市水系生态护坡技术设计及创新中应重视的问题

在城市水系岸坡整治中,生态护坡不仅具有传统护坡的防洪抗冲、稳定坡面和防止侵蚀等功能,而且还融入了文化景观和生态保护等方面的内容。该文对城市水系生态护坡技术设计进行了论述,并提出了生态护坡技术创新中应重视的问题。     

开放条件下粒径对块石和碎石护坡降温效果影响的试验研究

对开放条件下,粒径对块、碎石护坡降温效果的影响进行了一系列试验研究,试验中选择的粒径范围为:6～8、14～16、21～23、28～30 cm。结果表明:迎风与背风两种条件下,4种粒径块、碎石护坡均具有较好的降温效果,均可在第2个试验周期将其下部土坡表面平均温度迅速降至0℃以下,有效地对其下部土体进行降温。在迎风条件下,粒径在6～30 cm内,块、碎石护坡降温效果随粒径的增大而加强;背风条件下,块、碎石护坡降温效果在粒径为21～23 cm时最好。在外界气温等同的条件下,块、碎石护坡底部温度周期变化幅值主要受到迎风与背风条件的影响,块、碎石粒径的作用并不十分明显,即在迎风条件下,块、碎石护坡底部温度变化幅值远大于背风条件,并且每个试验周期中迎风护坡底部的正温高于背风护坡,且维持时间较长,这将不利于冻土路基的稳定。