新型复合钙钛矿Ba(SbⅢ,SbⅤ)O3的水热合成和表征

采用水热晶化法制备了Ｂａ（Ｓｂ^Ⅲ,Ｓｂ^Ⅴ）Ｏ_３新型钙钛矿型氧化物,并通过ＸＲＤ、 ＩＲ、ＳＥＭ和ＩＣＰ等方法对产物物相、形貌和组成等进行了表征．结果表明,产物为立方钙钛矿结构,晶胞参数为α＝０．４１５ｎｍ,粒度为１～２μｍ具有一定团聚的多晶粉末．产物中锑为三价和五价两种价态．水热条件对合成影响的研究结果表明, Ｂａ（Ｓｂ^Ⅲ,ｓｂ^Ⅴ）Ｏ_３合成的适宜碱度和ｎ_{Ｓｂ（Ⅴ)}／ｎ_{Ｓｂ（Ⅲ）}分别为 ８～１０Ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＫＯＨ和 ０～１     

Nd0.67(Sr,Ca)0.33Mn(O,F)3磁电阻材料的结构与性能

通过掺ＣａＦ２制得了Ｎｄ０．６７（Ｓｒ,Ｃａ）０．３３Ｍｎ（Ｏ,Ｆ）３（ＮＳＭＯ）磁电阻材料,并对它们作了结构分析和磁性能测量。Ｘ射线衍射结果表明,ＮＳＭＯ化合物保持Ｎｄ０．６７Ｓｒ０．３３ＭｎＯ３的钙钛矿结构,空间群为Ｐｂｎｍ,Ｚ＝４,Ｆ＾离子占据８ｄ位置,随着ＣａＦ２掺和量的增加,晶格常数减小,居里温度降低,而磁电阻性质呈明显的递增趋势。     

燃烧条件对自蔓延高温合成Al2O3/AlB12复相陶瓷粉体特性的影响

以铝、Ｂ２Ｏ３为原料,利用自蔓延高温合成（ＳＨＳ）制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＡｌＢ１２复相陶瓷粉体,研究了燃烧条件对粉体特性的影响。结果发现,经球磨处理后,复相陶瓷粉体中Ａｌ２Ｏ３的平均粒径为３￣４μｍ,ＡｌＢ１２的粒度为亚微米级。粉体的比表面积为￣１ｍ＾２／ｇ。     

MSnO_3和MSn_（0．5）Zr_（0．5）O_3（M＝Sr，Ba）的水热合

本文利用水热合成方法对ＭＳｎＯ３和ＭＳｎ（０．５）Ｚｒ（０．５）Ｏ３（Ｍ＝Ｓｒ，Ｂａ）的合成进行了研究，并采用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ和ＩＣＰ等方法对产物进行了表征，结果表明：在Ｍ（ＯＨ）２－ＳｎＯ２（或ＳｎＯ２＋ＺｒＯ２）－ＫＯＨ体系中，当ＫＯＨ／Ｓｎ和ＫＯＨ／（Ｓｎ＋Ｚｒ）≥３０时，２６０℃下晶化５～７天，可获得ＭＳｎＯ３和ＭＳｎ（０．５）Ｚｒ（０．５）Ｏ３纯相，在Ｍ（ＯＨ）２－（ＳｎＯ２＋ＺｒＯ２）－ＫＯＨ－Ｈ２Ｏ体系中，可通过控制介质碱度来获得ＭＳｎＯ３＋ＭＺｒＯ３混合物和ＭＳｎ（０．５）Ｚｒ（０．５）Ｏ３，并根据合成规律初步探讨了反应过程．     

MSnO3和MSn0.5Zr0.5O3（M=Sr,Ba）的水热合成

本文利用水热合成方法对ＭＳｎＯ３和ＭＳｎ０．５Ｚｒ０．５（Ｍ＝Ｓｒ，Ｂａ）的合成进行了研究，并采用ＸＲＤ、ＳＥ几ＩＣＰ等进行产物进行了表征，结果表明：在Ｍ（ＯＨ）２．ＳｎＯ２（呈ＳｎＯ２＋ＺｒＯ２）－ＫＯＨ体系中，当ＫＯＨ／Ｓｎ和ＫＯＨ（Ｓｎ＋Ｚｒ）≥３０时，２６０℃下晶化５－７天，可获得ＭＳｎＯ３和ＭＳｎ０．５Ｏ３纯相，在Ｍ（ＯＨ）３－（ＳｎＯ２＋ＺｒＯ３）－ＫＯＨ－Ｈ２Ｏ体系中，可通过控制介质     

用柠檬酸盐-凝胶法低温合成单相Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3

本文利用ＸＴＤ、ＤＴＡ、ＴＧＡ、ＳＥＭ、ＴＥＭ等分析手段研究了用柠檬酸盐－凝胶法低温（６００℃）合成单相Ｂａ（Ｍｇ１／３Ｔａ２／３）Ｏ３的方法。结果发现，与传统的固相反应合成ＢＭＴ的方法相比，柠檬酸盐溶胶－凝胶法能在６００℃的温度下合成单相ＢＭＴ，睽怕粉体具有１０￣２０ｎｍ的单颗粒尺寸。     

SrZrO3基质氧化物粉体的水热合成和表征

用水热晶化法制备了ＳｒＺｒＯ３纯相和ＳｒＺｒ１－ｘＭｘＯ３－α（Ｍ＝Ａｌ、Ｇａ、Ｉｎ；ｘ≤０．２０）体系氧化物，通过ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、ＩＲ＾２７Ａｌ ＭＡＳＮＭＲ和化学分析，对产物的物相、粒度和所掺杂质进入晶格的数量进行了表征。结果表明，产物为正交结构钙钛矿、粒度为５￣１５μｍ，在０≤ｘ≤０．２０范围内，产物的金属离子比与投料基本一致。     

BaSnx—Ti1—xO3纳米粉的烧结温度与介电特性

用软化学合成方法,在１００℃以下合成了一系列平均粒径为６０ｎｍ的ＢａＳｎｘＴｉ１－ｘＯ３固溶体粉末（０〈ｘ〈０．３）,测定了在不同温度下烧结的陶瓷体的介电常数,找出了最佳烧结温度为１２００℃,并对不同组成固溶体的介电特性进行了研究。结果表明,用化学方法在ＢａＴｉＯ３中掺入Ｓｎ后,其居里点普遍前移,室温介电常数可达１０＾４以上。     

P2O3—B2O3—Al2O3—SrO—BaO玻璃中的Yb^3＋非辐射能量转移下E …

本文研究了共掺Ｅｒ＾３＋／Ｙｂ＾３Ｐ２Ｏ３－Ｂ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｒＯ－ＢａＯ玻璃的能量转移过程。实验中制备了高掺杂Ｂｂ＾３＋离子的双掺Ｅｒ＾＃＋／Ｙｂ＆＾３＋的磷酸盐玻璃样品。在Ｅｒ＾３＋／Ｙｂ＾３＋掺杂比率〉１：１８（ｍｏｌ％）时,观测到了基于Ｙｂ＾３＋离子至Ｅｒ＾３＋离子能量转移下Ｅｒ＾３＋（＾３Ｉ１３／２→＾４Ｉ１５／２）的增强发射和ｂ＾３＋（＾２Ｆ７１／→＾２Ｆ５／２）发射的减弱,当Ｂ     

掺Li的SrB4O7的晶体结构和微结构的X射线粉末衍射研究

掺Ｌｉ对ＳｒＢ４Ｏ７的性能有一定的影响，本工作用Ｘ射线粉末衍射结构分析方法研究了掺Ｌｉ的ＳｒＢ４Ｏ７的晶体结构和微结构。空间群为Ｐｍｎ２１，晶胞参数为ａ＝１０．７４１（５）Ａ，ｂ＝４．２４５（１）Ａ，ｃ＝４．４３７（１）Ａ；参杂的ＳｒＢ４Ｏ＾晶胞参数较纯ＳｒＢ４Ｏ７的略有增大；阐述了产生这种变化的原因，在该晶体结构中，Ｌｉ进入ＳｒＢ４Ｏ７晶格空隙，成为间隙离子；这种结构有利于提高晶体的非线性光学系     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from