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Two studies investigated the role of expressive vocal behavior (specifically, speech rate and loudness) in fear and anxiety and in sadness and depression. In the 1st study, participants spoke about personally experienced fear and anxiety-arousing and neutral events using 3 different voice styles: fast and loud, normal, and slow and soft. In the 2nd study, participants spoke about personally experienced sad or depressing and neutral events using the same 3 voice styles. In both studies, the participants' highest levels of subjective affective and cardiovascular (CV) arousal occurred when they spoke about the emotional events in a mood-congruent voice style: fast and loud in the case of fear and anxiety, and slow and soft in the case of sadness or depression. Mood-incongruent voice styles canceled the heightened levels of CV arousal normally associated with these negative emotions. The voice-style manipulation had no significant effect on the participants' levels of CV arousal during the neutral discussions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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Despite the use of multimodal therapy, higher-grade glioma is still uniformly fatal in the adult population. There is a considerable difference between the length of survival in each given patient, even within the same tumor type and malignancy grade group, suggesting that there are factors that might differentially influence outcome. To identify such factors, 107 patients with anaplastic or malignant glioma were retrospectively investigated. Clinical parameters and paraclinical data on the p53, mdm2, and EGFR genes at the DNA or protein level were evaluated by univariate analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling. Kaplan-Meier survival estimation demonstrated that immunohistochemical positivity for mdm2 protein in patients with anaplastic astrocytoma or with glioblastoma multiforme was associated with a shorter survival time (p = 0.02). P53 gene mutations and immunopositivity for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) protein were not significantly related to poor prognosis. The Cox proportional hazards model revealed immunohistochemical positivity for p53, mdm2, or for both of them, the presence of postoperative irradiation, and the extent of surgical resection of tumor to be variables significantly associated with prolonged survival. EGFR overexpression, age over 60 years, and Karnofsky performance score below 40 points did not significantly shorten survival time. In conclusion, the present study identified immunohistochemically detected mdm2-protein overexpression as a statistically significant negative prognostic parameter in patients bearing anaplastic or malignant glioma. Association analysis of variables revealed a possible correlation between mdm2 and p53, which is also consistent with the biological interaction mode of both proteins in vivo. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: As aging research increasingly reflects an effort to dissociate true time-driven changes from those that can be improved, sexuality in later life remains largely unexplored. Several problems are evident. There is a lack of normative data, a lack of a conceptual framework relating to the biology, psychology, and sociology of sex, and an attitudinal resistance that obscures the entire topic. METHODS: We conducted a three-part instructional series on major topics involved with sexuality and aging. We surveyed our group of attendees (n 158, average age 68 for males, 65 for females) before and after the series. RESULTS: A remarkably robust sex life was evidenced by both the men and the women, even until advanced old age. Yet, a substantially decreased involvement was reported from 10 years earlier. Despite current activities, people of both sexes wished they were participating even more than they currently were. Impotency was identified as the major negative feature for the men; relationship problems were for the women. A questionnaire 6 months after the series reported improved sexual attitudes, but no change in sexual activities from the earlier survey. CONCLUSION: Sexuality is a major quality-of-life issue which persists into old age. Our study showed that the usual sexual practices reported by our group were not considered by them to be ideal. The intervention of this instructional series provided improved sexual attitudes but not performance. Additional studies are encouraged. 相似文献
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M Engelhardt I Reuter J Freiwald T B?hme A Halbsguth 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,26(9):755-759
Spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis occur predominantly in the lower lumbar spine. Besides congenital defects such as predisposition of spondylolysis the correlation between competitive sports activities and an increased incidence of spondylolysis is proved. In early stages, complete healing can be achieved by conservative treatment (abstinence from sports activities for 3 months, orthesis). Persistence of pain, neurologic symptoms and progression of vertebral slipping are indications for operative treatment (reconstruction of the isthmus, dorso-ventral spondylodesis). The exercise tolerance depends on the extent of instability, progression of vertebral slipping and clinical symptoms. The limits of exercise tolerance vary among the individual athletes and require the decision of the physician. Backstroke swimming, abdominal and back muscle strengthening exercises, and types of sport involving smooth movements are advisable. Sports education in school is possible without restriction in patients with stable spondylolysis and in those with spondylolisthesis without unfavourable concomitant factors. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of Benjamin Franklin's maxim "early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise." DESIGN: Cross sectional analysis of sleeping patterns in a nationally representative group of elderly people, and longitudinal investigation of mortality. SETTING: Eight areas in Britain (five in England, two in Scotland, and one in Wales). SUBJECTS: 1229 men and women aged 65 and over who in 1973-4 had taken part in a survey funded by the Department of Health and Social Security and for whom data on sleeping patterns, health, socioeconomic circumstances, and cognitive function had been recorded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self reported income, access to a car, standard of accommodation, performance on a test of cognitive function, state of health and mortality during 23 years of follow up. RESULTS: 356 people (29%) were defined as larks (to bed before 11 pm and up before 8 am) and 318 (26%) were defined as owls (to bed at or after 11 pm and up at or after 8 am). There was no indication that larks were richer than those with other sleeping patterns. On the contrary, owls had the largest mean income and were more likely to have access to a car. There was also no evidence that larks were superior to those with other sleeping patterns with regard to their cognitive performance or their state of health. Both larks and owls had a slightly reduced risk of death compared with the rest of the study sample, but this was accounted for by the fact that they spent less time in bed at night. In the study sample as a whole, longer periods of time in bed were associated with increased mortality. After adjustment for age, sex, the presence of illness, and other risk factors, people who spent 12 or more hours in bed had a relative risk of death of 1.7 (1.2 to 2.5) compared with those who were in bed for 9 hours. The lowest risk occurred in people who spent 8 hours in bed (adjusted relative risk 0.8; 0.7 to 1.0). CONCLUSION: These findings do not support Franklin's claim. A "late to bed and late to rise" lifestyle does not seem to lead to socioeconomic, cognitive, or health disadvantage, but a longer time spent in bed may be associated with increased mortality. 相似文献
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Mechanical allodynia (MA) following hand injury is a well-documented clinical problem. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the relationship between hand MA and the upper limb tension test (ULTT). The ULTT mechanically stresses the neural structures from the C5/6/7 neural foramina to the median nerve distally. This study examined 29 subjects with unilateral hand MA before and after a 2-week neural self-mobilization programme. There was a significant difference between the subjects' affected and unaffected sides when tested using the ULTT, both in reproduction of symptoms and in reduced range of motion of the ULTT. Following the self-mobilization program, there was an improvement in the range of the ULTT, and subjects reported a reduction in their symptoms. Complete recovery was not obtained in all cases. The results of this study suggest that the ULTT is a useful tool both in assessment and treatment of subjects with hand MA. 相似文献
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刘印华 《有色冶金设计与研究》2006,27(2):47-50
根据深云立交桥梁的检测结果,对该桥目前的整体状况、工作状态,及其使用情况做出综合评价,对桥的病害原因进行了分析,并提出合理的加固方案。 相似文献
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贺冬梅 《湖南冶金职业技术学院学报》2009,9(4):46-48
劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》一个鲜明的语言特色就是标准英语和当地方言频繁的语码转换。莫瑞尔用方言来对抗妻子,而妻子坚持用标准英语,偶尔也用方言来讽刺、挖苦丈夫。语码转换反映了劳伦斯男女二元对立的哲学思想。 相似文献
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AP Théon 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,14(3):659-71, viii
This article covers the principles and applications of radiation therapy in horses. The goal in treating tumors by irradiation is tumor control with minimum treatment complications. Various treatment techniques are available to achieve this goal. The prognosis depends on many factors such as the extent and location of the tumor, tumor type and tumor cell proliferation. Radiation therapy is a very effective treatment modality for equine tumors but logistical reasons limit its impact in equine oncology. 相似文献
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Hormones and neuropeptides in eukaryotic cells, are synthesised as large precursor molecules in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), from where they are translocated to the Golgi apparatus. The sorting of proteins destined for the regulated secretory pathway from those which will be released constitutively takes place in the trans-Golgi network (TGN). In both these pathways, vesicles need to be transported to the plasma membrane before their contents can be released by exocytosis. Hormones and neuropeptides need to be secreted from the cells in which are synthesised to exert their biological actions, although they can also play paracrine and autocrine actions. Prohormones and proneuropeptides must undergo post-translational modifications which occur in determined subcellular compartments within eukaryotic cells and are carried out in a strict succession of intracellular events, which give rise to biologically active products. The biosynthesis of prohormones/proneuropeptides is mediated by the action of endoproteolytic enzymes and other post-translational modifying enzymes within the secretory pathway. The major focus of this review will be the biosynthetic pathway, sorting and intracellular trafficking of prohormone and proneuropeptide precursors within the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells. 相似文献
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J Sobra 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,137(3):67-72
Evidence was provided that atherogenesis develops for several decades before pathological changes are manifested. It may thus be stated, that the "incubation period" of atherosclerotic pathological consequences is very long but it is reduced markedly already from childhood and adolescence in subjects with an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. Atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype comprises subjects suffering from one or more, frequently from a combination of several of the following metabolic indicators: hypercholesterolaemia, elevated levels of LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, lipoprotein (a), reduced levels of HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-1. The atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype is in 95% conditioned by inborn metabolic errors, i.e. familial hyperlipoproteinaemia and dyslipoproteinaemia. In the population the following are encountered most frequently: combined familial hyperlipidaemia, familial hypertriacylglycerolaemia and familial hypercholesterolaemia. Active screening and treatment of children and adolescents from these affected families is of great importance in primary prevention of atherosclerotic complications in adult age. 相似文献
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Supplements D. Mazza and D. Stevens's (1988) critique of W. R. Miller and R. K. Hester's (see record 1986-28253-001) review of alcoholism treatment. Of 6 studies cited in the review, 2 did not compare inpatient and outpatient treatment; 4 were conducted over 13 yrs earlier; methodological limitations of the studies preclude conclusions about outcomes; and the studies focused on late-stage, chronic populations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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Explores and evaluates the current renaissance of interest in imagery as a cognitive mechanism, with reference to its role in associative learning, mediation, meaning, and personality. The variable of time is stressed in the formation of effective imagery in mnemonic research. Experiments are described in which Ss, instructed to image but not to learn, were unable to prevent learning. Imagery is relatively free from interference in memorizing successive lists, and highly effective in recall of long lists of concrete and abstract words. Abstract words are frequently transposed into concrete representations. Research employing 3-6 yr. old deaf children without language of any known variety supports assumptions about imagery. (30 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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The constructs of intelligence and ego-resiliency are discussed. The personality implications of "pure intelligence" and "pure ego-resilience" were identified. Intelligence (IQ) was indexed by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS—R) and ego-resiliency by an inventory scale. Residual scores measuring "pure intelligence" and "pure ego-resilience" were correlated with the items of the observer based California Q-sort, used to describe participants. Persons relatively high on ego-resilience tend to be more competent and comfortable in the "fuzzier" interpersonal world; persons defined primarily by raw IQ tend to be effective in the "clearer" world of structured work but tend also to be uneasy with affect and less able to realize satisfying human connections. Gender differences exist in the relations of ego-resilience and intelligence and in their adaptive relevance. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献