基于“令牌环”技术提高GECISM可靠性的方法

计算机网络环境中为了实现对单个结点上GECISM故障的检测与修复,提高GECISM的可靠性,引入“令牌环”技术。在多个GECISM间建立逻辑环结构,通过令牌的传递检测结点故障;同时引入“慢心跳监测”技术,采用“邻接点监听恢复”策略减小结点的故障检测时间间隔;比较了“中心—邻接点”网状模型与该“令牌环”模型中系统的通信开销。     

GECISM中的回滚、备份与设障

检查点技术用来对系统中正常运行的程序有效状态进行备份，当系统出现故障时，可以根据最近的检查点恢复当前失效的进程，减少计算的损失。由不同的代理构成的计算机免疫系统GECISM(GEneral Computer Immune System Model)是把生物免疫系统的机理用于计算机安全领域的一个产物。通过比较多种不同的检查点机制，选择利用缓冲回滚系统BRAS(Buffering RollbAck System)检查点机制实现GECISM中类TD代理功能，使系统回卷到以前洁净点状态。     

基于模糊决策树的入侵规则生成技术

针对计算机免疫系统模型GECISM(general computer immune system model)中的类MC Agent,提出了如何利用应用程序的系统调用数据集构造模糊决策树,从而生成计算机免疫系统中的入侵检测规则,给出并对比分析了实验结果,发现用此方法生成的规则对未知数据集进行分类有较低的误报率和漏报率.     

一种仿生物免疫的计算机安全系统模型

根据仿生学原理,模拟生物系统的免疫机理,设计了计算机系统安全模型GECISM（GEneral Computer Immune System Model),该模型由不同的代理构成,各代理模拟不同的免疫细胞的功能,通过相互协作,区分系统中的“自我”,“非我”,“并消除“非我”。     

计算机免疫系统GECISM的动态和超动态配置

为降低计算机仿生免疫系统GECISM(GEneral Computer Immune System Model)的系统开销，分析了静态配置的不足，在保证其综合防御能力的前提下提出动态和超动态的配置策略，以适应不同性能要求、安全等级的分布计算环境。     

基于系统调用序列的“非我”分类

针对仿生免疫系统模型（GECISM）中已识别出的“非我”入侵程序,介绍了基于系统调用序列根据入侵行为进行分类的方法。通过对训练集提取规则,建立“非我”类的特征库,从而判断出“非我”程序所属的“非我”类。实验验证了这一方法的可行性和有效性。     

FICSAM:一种适用于大型适应性系统的单例学习方法

对该方法的步骤、影响因素及特征进行了描述。同时,分析讨论了先聚后得法在计算机免疫系统GECISM中的应用及实验结果。     

GECISM中缓冲溢出类非我的识别

缓冲区溢出攻击技术目前是一项广泛而基础的攻击技术,也是目前攻击技术的主要发展方向。缓冲溢出攻击常用手段就是通过改变程序的执行流程,转而去执行其植入的入侵代码,进而获得系统的root权限,对系统安全构成了巨大的威胁。该文在模仿生物免疫系统设计的计算机安全系统模型GECISM基础上构建了DAE Agent。通过RC4.5算法实对入侵训练集的系统调用序列进行规则提取,从而此代理实现了对缓冲溢出类入侵的检测。     

GECISM中“缓冲溢出类非我”的识别

缓冲区溢出攻击技术目前是一项广泛而基础的攻击技术,也是目前攻击技术的主要发展方向.缓冲溢出攻击常用手段就是通过改变程序的执行流程,转而去执行其植入的入侵代码,进而获得系统的root权限,对系统安全构成了巨大的威胁.该文在模仿生物免疫系统设计的计算机安全系统模型GECISM基础上构建了DAE Agent.通过RC4.5算法实对入侵训练集的系统调用序列进行规则提取,从而此代理实现了对缓冲溢出类入侵的检测.     

GECISM中沙盒主机的“非我”检测与分类

对仿生免疫系统GECISM(General Computer Immune System Model),沙盒主机是其中的一个主要代理。文章详细介绍了沙盒主机中“非我”检测与分类的结构。通过定义安全相关调用,对采集形成的安全相关调用短序列进行训练,生成序列库和规则库,从而对“非我”进行检测和分类,同时对测试程序“非我”类型的分布进行了讨论。实验证明了用此方法进行“非我”检测和分类的可行性和高效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.