采用多段回转炉热解工艺综合利用年青煤

多段回转炉热解工艺以年青煤为原料、高温烟道气为热载体,经干燥、热解、增炭工序可生产出半焦、低温焦油、热解煤气产品。并可根据需要组织工艺,以适应不同的原料和产品。     

内热式回转炉煤热解工艺的焦油产率与性质研究

研究了３ｋｇ／ｈ内热式回转炉煤热解工艺实验装置的热解温度、热解时间、煤粒度、煤气燃烧的空气过剩系统对焦油产率的影响,用正态分布函数模拟了初次焦油产率随热解温度的变化,用韦布乐分布函数模拟了焦油二次裂解率随气相温度的变化,对比了四种煤的焦油产率,分析了热解温度对焦油元素组成、馏分组成、中性油族组成等的影响。     

年轻煤内热式回转炉热解试验研究

利用开发的内热式回转炉煤热解工艺对四种年轻煤进行了热解试验，研究了产品粒状半焦、煤气和焦油的性质     

菜籽饼提取液对盐酸中铝表面上的吸附及其缓蚀作用

用失重法研究了菜籽饼提取液,对铝在盐酸溶液中的缓蚀作用,发现该提取液中的缓蚀组分,在盐酸溶液中的铝表面上产生了吸附,且服从Langmuir吸附等温式。求出吸附热为68kJ.mol~(-1),认为化学吸附是产生缓蚀作用的主要原因。     

外热式回转炉换热方式分析

外热式回转炉换热方式可分为炉壁式、列管式、混合式。其中,混合式换热方式可最大限度地提高设备换热面积,提高产能,降低设备规格。     

回转炉在催化剂制备中的应用

本文对回转炉在催化剂工业化制备过程中的应用进行了探讨,并对其中的关键技术进行了详细分析,并对其在催化剂制备中的扩展应用和发展方向给出了建议。     

对硫化钠φ3000回转炉改进的几点意见

本文介绍了φ3000回转炉存在的问题,运行的状况,以及装置改进以后的情况,从而达到了简化设备零部件,提高设备可靠性之目的,并且能够达到化工厂设备完好标准的各项规定要求。     

外热式回转炉夹套漏风量及热损失的计算方法

针对外热式回转炉漏风情况进行理论分析,并给出漏风量的理论计算和间接计算方法,以及外热式回转炉热损失的计算方法,为外热式回转炉的节能降耗研究和工程计算提供参考。     

油菜植株及其土壤中多菌灵残留检测及动态

采用高效液相色谱法,建立了油菜植株和土壤中多菌灵残留量的检测方法。样品经乙酸乙酯提取,AMINOSPE柱净化和浓缩后,C18柱进行分析。流动相为甲醇：水=85：15、流速为1．0ml／min、检测波长280nm时,方法的最低检出限为0．01mg／L,并用于油菜植株和土壤实际样品巾多菌灵残留量的检测及动态分析。田间降解动态试验结果表明,多菌灵在油菜植株中较土壤中缓慢,半衰期大约32d。     

回转窑内利用液化残渣共热褐煤以抑制其粉化的影响因素分析

在公斤级回转窑中研究了共热解过程不同液化残渣与褐煤质量配比及粒度配比因素对抑制褐煤粉化效果的影响。结果表明：550℃共热解条件下,随液化残渣的添加比例由10%升至40%,共热解半焦的粉化率β由7.55%降至1.98%,造粒率λ由2.73%升至4.90%,液化残渣添加量的提升有效促进了对粉化的抑制及混合造粒;3～1 mm液化残渣与3～1 mm褐煤的共热解半焦β为2.82%,较与6～3/13～6/25～13 mm褐煤颗粒热解后的产物粉化率均低,而λ则达到24.99%,远高于其他粒度配比下的产物造粒率。灰色关联分析显示,粒度配比因素对β和λ的影响权重均大于质量配比因素。结合分析上述配比因素影响粉化抑制作用的内在诱因（强化粘连捕集颗粒行为,促进孔隙充填补强作用,颗粒穿层行为影响）,形成了回转窑热解过程配比因素对抑制褐煤粉化的影响过程模型。     

Production of hydrocarbons by pyrolysis of methyl esters from rapeseed oil

The pyrolysis of a mixture of methyl esters from rapeseed oil has been studied in a tubular reactor between 550 and 850°C and in dilution with nitrogen. A specific device for the condensation of cracking effluents was used for the fractionated recovery of liquid and gaseous effluents, which were analyzed on-line by an infrared analyzer and by gas chromatography. The cracking products in the liquid effluent were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry coupling. The effects of temperature on the cracking reaction were studied for a constant residence time of 320 ms and a constant dilution rate of 13 moles of nitrogen/mole of feedstock. The principal products observed were linear 1-olefins,n-paraffins, and unsaturated methyl esters. The gas fraction also contained CO, CO₂, and H₂. The middle-chain olefins (C₁₀–C₁₄ cut) and short-chain unsaturated esters, produced with a high added value, had an optimum yield at a cracking temperature of 700°C.     

椰壳、椰壳渣与脱灰椰壳渣热解及热解动力学

用热重技术分析了椰壳类活性炭原料的热解过程,采用Coats-Redfern积分法求解了热解反应动力学模型。椰壳渣及脱灰椰壳渣热解失重过程主要集中在280~370℃之间,在热失重速率曲线上呈单峰,而椰壳热解失重主要集中在230~300℃和300~350℃两个温度范围,在热失重速率曲线上呈双峰。在低温段三者热解反应表观活化能差别较大,高温段差别较小,且最大反应速率均出现高温段。     

Study on pyrolysis of oil sludge with microalgae residue additive

The pyrolysis of oil sludge (OS) with microalgae residue (MR) additive was conducted with a TGA and a tube furnace. The pyrolysis process of OS with the MR additive can be divided into three stages: 1) water evaporation, 2) the release of light groups of hydrocarbon compounds, the cracking of heavy groups, and carbon decomposition, and 3) minerals decomposition. With the MR addition ratio increasing, the yield of oil and gas increased, and oil to gas ratio increased during OS pyrolysis. The MR addition improved the quality of pyrolysis oil and gas from OS pyrolysis. The proportion of light oil increased from 38 % with a 5 % MR addition ratio to 45 % with a 30 % addition ratio. Major components of pyrolysis gas included H₂, CO, CO₂, and C_xH_y. With the increase of the MR blending ratio, CO and CO₂ contents increased, while H₂ and C_xH_y contents decreased. Adding MR favoured the transformation of heavy hydrocarbons (C₆₊), resulting in a high content of light hydrocarbons. This work can help promote massive synergistic treatment of OS and microalgae biomass.

     

Hydrogen balance for catalytic pyrolysis of atmospheric residue

The catalytic pyrolysis of atmospheric residue over the commercial catalytic pyrolysis process catalyst (Al₂O₃/Fe₂O₃/Na₂O (46.3, 0.27 and 0.04 wt.%, respectively)) was investigated in a confined fluidized bed reactor. The yield of light olefins was above 37 wt.% at reaction temperature above 600 °C and it reached a maximum of 47 wt.% at 660 °C. The main components in light olefins were ethylene and propylene, and those in liquid samples were aromatics. The main components in light alkanes were propane and i-butane at low reaction temperature (600 °C), and those were methane and ethane at high reaction temperature (700 °C). The hydrogen content of light olefins was about 14.27 wt.%, that of light alkanes was above 18.5 wt.%, that of gasoline was below 12.5 wt.%, and that of diesel was below 7.8 wt.%. The percentage of the hydrogen in light alkanes to total hydrogen was above 29% and that in light olefins was above 40%. The effective utilization ratio of hydrogen decreased from 66.60% at 600 °C to 61.44% at 700 °C.     

转底炉氧化锌粉高值化利用研究

针对转底炉氧化锌粉附加值低的问题,以转底炉氧化锌粉为研究对象,以氯化胆碱-二水合草酸(CC-OA)低共熔溶剂为研究体系,运用低共熔溶剂的选择溶解性对氧化锌粉进行提纯并制备纳米氧化锌,对纳米氧化锌晶粒生长的动力学进行了研究。氧化锌粉水洗处理的最优方案：水洗温度为50℃、水洗时间为3 min、液固体积质量比为3 mL/g。低共熔溶剂处理氧化锌粉得到的前驱体为二水合草酸锌(ZnC₂O₄·2H₂O),根据唯象方程计算得出焙烧温度、焙烧时间与粒径的关系,实现了特定粒径纳米氧化锌的制备。在焙烧温度为400℃、焙烧时间为2 h条件下,制备的氧化锌纯度可达99.768%,其形貌呈现较为均匀的球状并聚集在一起,平均粒径为28.5 nm,且粒径主要分布在10～100 nm。     

超低水泥浇注料在宝钢环形加热炉炉底的应用

高铝质超低水泥浇注料在宝钢环形加热炉炉底使用结果表明，该浇注料具有热态强度高、结构均匀致密、耐磨损、抗侵蚀等特点。槽底厚度损耗比磷酸盐结合捣打制降低３５％左右。     

回转式焚烧炉焚烧过程污染物的排放和影响因素控制

本文介绍回转式焚烧炉焚烧危险度物过程中产生污染物的种类和危险废物焚烧过程中的主要影响因素．危险废物焚烧过程主要影响因素包括炉温（temperature of furnace）、停留时间（residence time）、搅拌强度（intensity of agitation）和空气供给重（flow rate of air）。文章还对污染物生成特性以及污染物生成的控制措施进行探讨。