浅谈水利一处自动化管理系统的应用

随着我国加入WT0,水利施工行业的建筑企业将面临资金和技术均占很大优势的国际同行的竞争.为了在激烈的市场竞争中取胜,必须提升水利施工企业的信息化水平,并通过企业管理的信息化建设促进企业向智能型、管理型企业的转变,用现代化信息技术促进企业的全面进步.我处经过长期不懈努力、大胆尝试,通过整合企业硬件、软件资源,规范企业运作,实施了管理软件供应商开发的自动化管理系统.     

水环境设计院企业文化建设浅析

企业文化建设是企业品牌建设的核心和灵魂,是企业最重要的无形资产,是推动企业持续发展、快速成长的强大精神力量.企业文化建设是一个长期积累、总结、修正、提升、凝练,伴随着企业发展而发展的漫长过程.企业根据不同的发展阶段,需要用优质的企业文化塑造企业核心竞争力,以促进企业持续发展.     

水利工程建设中监理存在的问题与对策分析

本文主要阐述了目前我国水利工程建设监理企业的总体状况,通过介绍目前在监理企业管理中存在的问题,分析了我国水利工程建设监理企业的发展对策,以期能促进我国监理企业良性发展。     

企业人力资源管理存在问题及建议

目前,我国企业正面临两大挑战,即世界经济一体化和国内经济转型,迎接挑战的核心是人才问题.人才短缺,特别是高素质管理人才和高水平技术人才溃乏已严重制约了我国企业的持续健康发展.尽快提高企业劳动者素质,建设有一定规模的高素质人才队伍,培养、吸引、管好和用好人才,是促进企业发展的必由之路.     

用企业文化理论指导引黄济青系统的文化建设

在现代企业中,文化的渗透功能和整合使用都在加强,文化创造、文化管理和文化控制日益受到极大重视.杰出而成功的公司大都有强有力的企业文化.目前,我国发展遇到的问题,表面看起来是资金问题和体制问题,但实质上是精神体系问题,是意识和观念的问题.20世纪90年代初,国际商用机器公司(IBM)首席执行官郭士纳,由于重视企业文化的培育和建设,使一个企业起死回生.海尔有小到大的发展历程正是由于张瑞敏具有能够将严格的管理与相互依赖的企业文化融为一体的能力.     

浅谈施工项目管理与建立现代企业制度的关系

施工项目管理理论自70年代末从西方国家引入中国,在我国工程建设中逐渐得到应用和推广。十几年的实践证明,在现代建设项目的开发建设中,施工项目管理在社会进步和国民经济发展中发挥了极其重要的作用。1.现代企业制度是以“适应市场经济要求、产权清晰、责权明确、政企分开、管理科学”为特征的企业制度。建立现代企业制度的目的是使企业按市场法则运行,形成社会     

论软件平台在施工企业信息化中的作用

1 施工企业信息化的现状 随着我国市场经济的深入发展,传统建筑施工企业的竞争也愈发激烈,国内的施工企业为了在激烈的竞争环境中保持竞争优势,都以加强信息化建设来提升自身的核心竞争力.     

市场经济条件下水电施工企业运营中若干问题探讨

1　水电施工企业的概况我国大型水电施工企业 ,在全国建筑行业中占有相当大的比重 .几十年来 ,尤其在改革开放的 2 0多年 ,水电施工企业修建了许多大中型水利水电枢纽工程 ,为我国水利水电建设事业作出很大贡献 ,对我国的经济发展与腾飞起到重要作用 .与此同时 ,水电建设队伍在实践中得到发展锻炼 ,水电施工企业形成了具有一定科学水平 ,拥有相当数量的先进机械设备和优秀技术管理人才的现代化施工队伍 .但是 ,也必须看到 ,水电施工企业也面临许多问题 :(1)经济效益低下 ,在我国实行改革开放以前 ,国家对造价一直实行微利政策 ,改革后实行招…     

浇析我国现代企业人力资源的运用

文章主要根据我国企业人力资源的现状,分析现代企业人力资源的主要特点,同时重点结合人力资源与企业的发展战略、人力资源管理模式的创新以及人力资源激励机制的建设等方面论述了人力资源在现代企业发展中的应用,并对人力资源更有效地发展提出几点建议.     

勘测设计单位亦需加强内部审计工作

在勘测设计单位转企建制中,实行有效的内部审计监督,是其自身建设的需要.加强内部审计监督的重要性和必要性1.社会主义市场经济的发展需要加强内部审计监督.我国目前正在从传统的计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制过渡,在新旧体制转换时期,法制不够健全,一些问题在政策和是非界限上还不清楚,很多企业还处在适应阶段,这些都给违法违纪者以可乘之机.一些企业经营者利用职权谋求个人私利,挥霍国家财产,违反财经纪律,贪污受贿,搞权钱交易,严重损害党的干部形象,败坏了社会风气,阻碍了社会主义市场经济的发展.这些问题的存在,就在于缺少有效的监督机制.因此,加强内部审计监督势在必行.2.完成转企建制,落实企业自主权,需要加强内部审计监督.转换经营机制后,勘测设计单位最终要成为经济实体,成为独立法人.“自主经营,自负盈亏”是企业成为独立法人的前提,“自我发展”是企业在     

长江中游四大家鱼发江生态水文因子分析及生态水文目标确定

基于长江中游四大家鱼发江量历次调查数据,采用宜昌站作为长江中游水文情势变化分析的控制站,基于其1900~2004年共105年的日径流资料,采用每年5~6月涨水过程数、总涨水日数、平均每次涨水过程日数等3项生态水文指标,分析了四大家鱼发江量与3项生态水文因子的变化关系,认为产卵场所处江段每年5~6月的总涨水日数是决定家鱼苗发江量多寡的一个重要环境因子。根据IHA方法,对宜昌站105年来的生态水文指标分析表明,长江宜昌站生态水文过程的改变并不明显,5~6月总涨水日数变化趋势不显著,显示长江中游影响四大家鱼苗发江量的生态流量过程改变不明显,与前人得出的葛洲坝枢纽修建后四大家鱼的产卵条件和卵苗江汛规律没有变化这一认识一致。但是,随着三峡水库的运行,下游河道的生态环境流量过程会有较大改变,本文建议三峡水库的调控以保障长江中游每年5~6月的总涨水日数维持在22.1±7.2范围内为生态水文目标,即可从生态环境流量过程方面补偿水利工程对中游四大家鱼鱼苗发江量的影响。     

Seminar on Water and Energy,Stockholm, Sweden,August 21, 2005

Abstract

In Europe the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) will have major implications for water resources management. Part of the Directive requires Member States to implement a comprehensive system of controls (licences) on the allocation and abstraction (withdrawal) of surface and groundwater resources. This paper describes the development of a procedure to help assess and set abstraction licences for agricultural irrigation. The methodology is described with reference to Scotland, a country with limited abstraction control previously and where irrigation is supplemental to rainfall. The methodology combines spatial climatic information using a Geographical Information System (GIS) with data derived from a water balance computer model. The procedure enables the volumetric irrigation demand in a ‘design’ dry year for a given site to be estimated, taking into account local variations in climate, soil type, land use and irrigation practices. The approach provides a scientifically robust framework to allow the regulatory authority to assess the ‘reasonable’ water requirements of individual irrigators and hence develop allocations to satisfy the range of competing demands (e.g. agriculture, industry, and environment) on water resources. The methodology is applicable in other temperate countries where water abstraction controls are required and where appropriate datasets are available. The application of the procedure and its methodological limitations are described.     

Stakeholder-driven,enquiry-driven,or stakeholder-relevant,enquiry-driven science?

There is currently debate within the international hydrological community on whether hydrological science should give priority to providing measurements, knowledge, and understanding pre-determined as being needed by stakeholders, or priority to more basic enquiry-driven science that will stimulate the continued health and growth of hydrology as an important Earth science discipline. Two recent major international initiatives in hydrology reflect these two perspectives. One, the Hydrology for the Environment, Life, and Policy (HELP) program, is primarily fostered by UNESCO-IHP and is focused on stimulating the stakeholder-driven hydrological science required in specific catchments that have become members of a global network. The second, the decade on Prediction in Ungauged Basins (PUB), which is appropriately managed by IAHS, is primarily driven by scientific enquiry and is focused on creating new scientific methods and understanding, albeit with practical application ultimately in mind. This paper summarizes the nature, origins, growth, and progress of these two international programs but also describes the subtly different approach that has been adopted by the U.S. National Science Foundation's (NSF's) Center for Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA). NSF is a federal agency whose primary goal is to ‘enable the future’ by stimulating novel science. Because SAHRA is a federally-funded entity supported by an agency with this goal, the Center clearly cannot operate in stakeholder-driven, response mode in competition with the already effective private U.S. consultancy industry. Nonetheless, SAHRA's mission is to create knowledge and build understanding that will enhance the prospects of sustainable water management in semi-arid regions, especially the southwestern U.S. To resolve this apparent conflict, SAHRA looks ahead to future stakeholder needs and builds its research agenda around selected critical stakeholder-relevant questions that require substantial and sustained investment in basic, multidisciplinary, enquiry-driven science. This paper describes SAHRA's approach and reports on associated research and outreach activities.     

Growth,Reproduction, Mortality,Distribution, and Biomass of Freshwater Drum in Lake Erie

Predominant age-groups in the Lake Erie freshwater drum Aplodinotus grunniens population were 3, 4, and 5 as determined from gill net, trap net, bottom trawl, and midwater trawl samples. Age and growth calculations indicated that females grew faster than males. However, the length-weight relation did not differ between sexes and was described by the equation: log W = ?5.4383 + 3.1987 log L. Some males became sexually mature at age 2 and all were mature by age 6. Females matured 1 year later than males. Three sizes of eggs were present in ovaries; the average total number was 127,000 per female for 20 females over a length range of 270 to 478 mm. Seasonal analysis of the ovary-body weight ratio indicated that spawning extended from June to August. A total annual mortality rate of 49% for drum aged 4 through 11 was derived from catch-curve analysis. Freshwater drum were widely distributed throughout Lake Erie in 1977–1979, the greatest concentration being in the western basin. They moved into warm, shallow water (less than 10 m deep) during summer, and returned to deeper water in late fall. Summer biomass estimates for the western basin, based on systematic surveys with bottom trawls, were 9,545 t in 1977 and 2,333 t in 1978.     

水-能源-粮食纽带关系定量研究方法综述

在总结水-能源-粮食纽带关系研究中, 使用频率较高或潜力较大的 8 种水-能源-粮食纽带关系定量研究方法为: 水-能源-粮食纽带关系工具 2.0( WEF Nexus Tool 2.0) ; 生命周期评价( LCA) ; 可计算的一般均衡模型( CGE) ; 系统动力学模型( SD) ; 气候、土地、能源与水资源策略( CLEWS) ; 基于社会生态系统代谢的多尺度综合评价( MuSIASEM ) ; 市场配置/ 市场配置系统集成模型( MARKAL/ TIMES) 和水资源评价规划模型-长期能源替代规划系统 ( WEAP2LEAP) 。通过总结各研究方法的产生、发展及特性, 并引用案例讨论其适用范围, 分析其优缺点和在使用 时需要注意的问题。在此基础上, 对未来水2能源2粮食纽带关系定量研究方法的发展趋势进行讨论, 认为伴随可持 续发展问题关注度的上升与水-能源-粮食纽带关系内在机理的挖掘, 未来的水-能源-粮食纽带关系定量研究方法将 更加注重量化的精确性和数据的互通以及跨学科研究和多方法的耦合。本文可为水-能源-粮食纽带关系定量研究方法的选择和更新优化提供参考。     

Survival,Growth, and Movement of Subadult Humpback Chub,Gila Cypha,in the Little Colorado River,Arizona

Ecologists estimate vital rates, such as growth and survival, to better understand population dynamics and identify sensitive life history parameters for species or populations of concern. Here, we assess spatiotemporal variation in growth, movement, density, and survival of subadult humpback chub living in the Little Colorado River, Grand Canyon, AZ from 2001–2002 and 2009–2013. We divided the Little Colorado River into three reaches and used a multistate mark‐recapture model to determine rates of movement and differences in survival and density between sites for different cohorts. Additionally, site‐specific and year‐specific effects on growth were evaluated using a linear model. Results indicate that summer growth was higher for upstream sites compared with downstream sites. In contrast, there was not a consistent spatial pattern across years in winter growth; however, river‐wide winter growth was negatively related to the duration of floods from 1 October to 15 May. Apparent survival was estimated to be lower at the most downstream site compared with the upstream sites; however, this could be because in part of increased emigration into the Colorado River at downstream sites. Furthermore, the 2010 cohort (i.e. fish that are age 1 in 2010) exhibited high apparent survival relative to other years. Movement between reaches varied with year, and some years exhibited preferential upstream displacement. Improving understanding of spatiotemporal effects on age 1 humpback chub survival can help inform current management efforts to translocate humpback chub into new locations and give us a better understanding of the factors that may limit this tributary's carrying capacity for humpback chub. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.