延衰改性沥青基础性能与热物性能表征

为明确T622受阻胺光稳定剂(T622)对基质沥青抗紫外老化性能的影响效应，制备了T622延衰改性沥青。基于沥青三大指标对紫外老化处理后的沥青基础性能进行研究，采用布氏黏度试验分析其表观黏度，借助热重红外联用技术评价了基质沥青和改性沥青的热物性能和官能团组成。试验结果表明：T622改性剂的掺加能够显著降低紫外老化作用对基质沥青基础性能的影响，明显提高沥青的表观黏度，有效改善了沥青材料的抗紫外老化性能；基质沥青的最大红外吸收峰出现的温度、初始分解温度及官能团指数随老化时间的延长而大幅升高，而T622改性沥青的相关指标均保持在稳定范围内，且官能团指数小于基质沥青，从微观层面验证了T622改性沥青优异的抗紫外老化性能。     

SBS改性沥青胶结料的老化与再生研究

对SBS改性沥青混合料分别进行短期热氧、长期热氧和长期紫外老化后,分离出老化SBS改性沥青胶结料,采用反应型再生剂对其进行再生,研究了不同老化方式对SBS改性沥青胶结料物理性能的影响和反应型再生剂对老化沥青胶结料性能的恢复效果。结果表明:短期热氧老化降低了SBS改性沥青的软化点、针入度、延度和粘度,长期热氧老化和紫外老化则使SBS改性沥青的软化点和粘度增大,针入度和延度减小;反应型再生剂可显著提高老化SBS改性沥青的针入度和延度,降低其软化点和粘度,可较好地恢复老化SBS改性沥青的性能。荧光显微镜分析表明反应型再生剂较好地恢复了SBS在沥青中的交联网络结构。     

GMA浇筑式沥青混合料的制备及性能

以特立尼达湖沥青（TLA）和A-70# 基质沥青配制了复合沥青,并将其与集料拌和得到浇筑式沥青混合料（GMA）,重点研究了沥青胶结料和拌和时间对GMA混合料性能的影响。结果表明:随着沥青胶结料中TLA质量分数的增加,沥青胶结料的热温度敏感性降低,混合料性的流动性变差、硬度变大,TLA最佳的质量分数为70%;混合料拌和时间的延长,沥青胶结料的老化程度增大,混合料的高温性能、流动性变好,但冲击韧性（抗疲劳性）降低,最佳的拌和时间为1.5~3.5 h。     

Aging Behavior and Creep Characteristics of CACB

沥青老化对水泥沥青复合胶结料蠕变特性的影响研究

李云良, 刘钰泽, 徐垒, 何鑫, 孙海蛟

(哈尔滨工业大学交通科学与工程学院, 哈尔滨, 150090)

摘 要：水泥沥青复合胶结料是由水泥、沥青及多种外加剂胶结固化形成的复合胶结材料,沥青的老化会对水泥沥青复合胶结料的蠕变特性产生影响。通过水泥沥青复合胶结料不同老化程度下的蠕变试验得到其蠕变柔量,结合分数导数修正博格斯模型的蠕变柔量进行了试验结果的曲线拟合,分析了沥青老化及材料配比等因素对水泥沥青复合胶结料蠕变特性的影响。研究表明,随着沥青老化时间的增加,复合胶结料抵抗瞬时弹性变形及粘性流动变形的能力增强,弹性成分增加而粘性成分减少,材料的变形能力变差,呈现出弹性材料的变形特性。在老化初期（老化时间小于12h）,沥青老化对复合胶结料的黏弹性力学性能影响较大,而在老化后期（老化时间大于12h）,沥青老化对复合胶结料的黏弹性力学性能影响较小。在老化初期,提高沥青用量可以增强复合胶结料的蠕变变形能力;在老化后期,沥青含量对复合胶结料的蠕变变形能力影响较小。

关键词：水泥沥青复合胶结料;老化;蠕变;黏弹性。

创新点说明：

（1）建立了考虑老化的水泥沥青复合胶结料黏弹性本构模型;

（2）基于本构模型参数建立了水泥沥青复合胶结料的老化表征方法与指标。

     

超热老化条件下改性沥青混合料稳定性试验分析

针对在超热条件下改性沥青混合料稳定性能进行了试验研究.试验以240℃作为混合料的老化温度,对基质沥青和两种改性沥青进行混合料实验,通过对不同时间下老化后的3种沥青混合料性能进行测量.研究表明:在240℃条件下,三者稳定度基本上随时间的延长不断下降,整体上稳定度变化大小为:基质沥青>SBS改性沥青>高粘度改性;经过改性后,SBS改性沥青和高粘度改性沥青的损失率相较于基质沥青分别下降58%、74%,因此沥青经过改性之后对于粘度大大提升,飞散损失质量下降;在施工条件为超热老化条件下时,可选用SBS改性沥青和高粘度改性沥青,其路面使用性能得到有效提升,抗老化性增强.     

AH-90及PG70-28改性沥青老化性能研究

对AH-90基质沥青及PG70-28改性沥青分别进行了室内旋转薄膜烘箱老化、压力老化及室外光氧老化试验,采用针入度、针入度指数、延度、软化点等指标分析考察了室内热氧老化对沥青高温稳定性、低温开裂性及温度敏感性能的影响。结果表明:老化降低了沥青的低温抗裂性能,改善了沥青的抗高温变形性能和对温度的敏感性,改性沥青的抗老化性能明显优于基质沥青。采用粘温指数法、老化指数法分别考察了光氧老化及热氧老化沥青的感温性能和抗老化性能。结果表明,粘温指数法和针入度指数法具有较好的相关性,总辐射能为10.5 kJ/cm2的室外紫外光照射对沥青感温性能和路用性能的影响比PAV老化严重,在内蒙古强紫外线地区沥青路面设计时需充分考虑光老化带来的危害。     

老化对水泥沥青复合胶结料粘弹特性的影响

为了研究老化对水泥沥青复合胶结料蠕变特性及粘弹性力学参数的影响,结合不同材料配比的水泥沥青复合胶结料的老化试验及蠕变试验,分析了老化时间及材料配比对复合胶结料粘弹性力学参数的影响。建立了考虑老化影响的粘弹性力学参数的演化方程;基于三元件四参数分数导数模型,提出了水泥沥青复合胶结料的老化因子,建立了水泥沥青复合胶结料的老化预测模型。研究表明:随着材料老化程度的加深,水泥沥青复合胶结料的弹性成分所占比例增加,粘性成分减少;水泥沥青复合胶结料的老化速度在老化前期变化较快,随老化时间增加老化速度减缓;适当提高沥青的用量可以在发生老化的情况下使材料仍具有较好的柔性及变形能力。所建立的老化因子能够同时反映老化时间、配合比等因素对水泥沥青复合胶结料粘弹特性的影响。     

抗紫外光老化剂对民用机场沥青道面用沥青性能的影响

为了解决机场沥青道面紫外光老化问题,通过分析受阻胺类老化剂对强紫外线辐射下基质沥青和SBS改性沥青高温、疲劳及老化性能的影响,提出了采用受阻胺类老化剂解决沥青老化问题的方法.采用旋转薄膜烘箱试验模拟沥青短期老化及室内紫外光老化箱模拟沥青长期老化,研究了受阻胺类老化剂GW-944对光老化前后沥青性能的影响.试验结果表明:GW-944光老化剂对基质沥青高温性能改善效果欠佳,GW-944光老化剂能显著改善SBS改性沥青性能,其光老化后的疲劳、高温和抗老化能力得以提升.该抗紫外光老化剂对SBS改性沥青进行综合性能改善时,建议使用0.7%掺量.     

TPS改性剂对高粘沥青性能的影响

为制备适于我国排水性沥青路面应用的高粘沥青,通过室内试验研究高粘沥青添加剂TPS对两种不同油源的90＃基质沥青的改性效果．以60 ℃黏度作为评价高粘沥青的关键指标,重点研究TPS掺量变化对改性沥青60 ℃黏度及其他物理性能的影响规律．结果表明:TPS对两种不同油源的基质沥青的改性效果差异较大,尤其对于60 ℃动力黏度指标,在相同TPS掺量下,基质沥青的沥青质含量越大,改性沥青的60 ℃黏度越大,二者的配伍性较好,推荐TPS掺量（质量分数）为14％～16％,此时改性沥青胶结料的60 ℃黏度增长迅速,能够满足高粘沥青的黏度要求,且改性沥青胶结料的感温性、高温稳定性与低温抗裂性、弹性恢复能力等都得到了较大程度的提高．     

SBR改性沥青老化动力性能

目的通过研究SBR改性沥青的老化动力性能,进一步探讨在动力因素的影响下沥青和骨料的黏附性.方法通过旋转薄膜烘箱试验,研究SBR改性沥青和基质沥青在不同老化温度、老化时间下的软化点变化规律,并以软化点为参数建立了SBR改性沥青老化动力学模型,以此研究SBR改性沥青的老化动力性能.结果与基质沥青相比,SBR改性沥青在150℃、163℃、180℃三个老化温度下的老化反应速率常数分别降低了26.8%、51.9%、21.4%;SBR改性沥青的反应活化能达到48.863 kJ·mol^-1,比基质沥青提高了13.1%.结论以软化点为参数建立的沥青老化动力学方程能够较好的反映沥青的老化过程,SBR改性沥青比基质沥青具有较好的抗老化性能.     

Analysis of aging mechanism of SBS polymer modified asphalt based on Fourier transform infrared spectrum

The aging mechanism of SBS modified asphalt during its aging process was studied. The characterizations of base asphalt, SBS polymer and its modified asphalt were determined in different aging time by Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR). FTIR shows that oxidative dehydrogenation reaction occurs in asphalt, and unsaturated carbon bond is generated under short-term thermal aging condition. Additionally, SBS polymer was aged significantly under that condition, the speed of which was faster than that of base asphalt. The aging laws of both asphalt and SBS polymer during the aging process of SBS modified asphalt were similar to their aging laws respectively. Due to the protective effect between asphalt and SBS polymer, the aging degrees of asphalt and SBS polymer were lower than those aged independently.     

Development and validation of a laboratory aging method for the accelerated simulation of reclaimed asphalt

The paper presented first results elaborated during the European Research Project Re-road which aims at the development of techniques for increasing the recycling rates of reclaimed asphalt. During service life surface asphalt courses are subjected to aging due to oxidation effects which causes the hardening of the binder and thereby a change in the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of the material. Surface courses often contain highly modified binders as well as special additives for improving the performance characteristics. As these layers inhibit the shortest service lives compared to other road construction layers every year high amounts of reclaimed surface asphalt are available for recycling. The question is raised how the reclaimed asphalt consisting of high quality and costly material components can be recycled for optimal added value. To analyze the asphalt mix service life performance and its recyclability during mix design a laboratory method was developed to simulate the real in-situ aging. First the effects of site aging on the binder and asphalt characteristics were presented. Three laboratory aging methods were discussed which aimed the accelerated aging which meets similar property changes as site aging. At last the effects of two different laboratory aging methods on the same SMA mixture were compared.     

沥青自愈合性能影响因素探究及CT扫描细观分析

为了直观研究沥青的自愈合性能,采用BBS(binder bond strength)拉拔实验探究温度、水分、老化及改性剂对沥青自愈合性能的影响,并利用CT(computed tomography)扫描实验,从细观角度观测沥青在不同条件下的自愈合进程.BBS实验结果表明:较高温度与干燥条件有利于沥青的自愈合,水分不利于沥...     

Property of Anti-Ultraviolet Aging of LDHs Modified Asphalt

LDHs was introduced into 70# asphalt binder by different weight ratio. Asphalt penetration test, soft point test, ductility test, viscosity test, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) test, were conducted to characterize and predict the LDHs modified asphalt. Research results indicated that the LDHs has great effect on resistance to UV of asphalt, which makes the asphalt absorb less ultraviolet radiation under the same UV intensity. Complex modulus, phase angle and FTIR test results indicate that the LDHs can significantly enhance the property of anti-ultraviolet aging of asphalt. The test results show that the LDHs has an obvious improvement on the anti UV aging of asphalt.     

Self healing capacity of asphalt binders

To test self healing capability of asphalt binders,three asphalt specimens(pure asphalt,modified asphalt and aged asphalt) were prepared.Every specimen was tested by dynamic shear rheometer(DSR).The temperature sweeps result indicates that both aging and SBS modifying influence the self healing capability of asphalt binder.The fatigue-heal-fatigue test was introduced to study the self healing capability of asphalt in its serving periods.Furthermore,three different periods(0.5 h,1 h,3 h) were set up to study the influence of rest time on fatigue time.It is concluded that longer rest time,less load will delay the appearance of cracks and extend the service life of asphalt binders.     

Rheological properties of conductive asphalt binders containing graphite and carbon fiber before and after ageing

Modified asphalt binders were prepared by adding conductive materials, graphite and carbon fiber. The rotation thin film oven test (RTFOT) and pressure age vessel test (PAV) were conducted to simulate the binder aging in the field. Rheological properties of graphite and carbon fiber modified asphalt binder were investigated by the empirically rheological properties (penetration and softening point) and the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test. Results show that physical properties of asphalt binder change with conductive material mixed. DSR tests present that the values of complex modulus increase while phase angles decrease under a proper amount of graphite and carbon fiber. Rutting parameters point out that graphite can improve the rutting resistance of asphalts. Rheological parameters can be used to assess aging.     

废橡胶粉对SBS改性沥青的老化性能影响研究

在SBS改性沥青中加入糠醛抽出油溶胀后的活化废橡胶粉制备SBS／胶粉复配改性沥青,并对其热老化前后的软化点、针入度、延度等性能进行测试,表明在SBS改性沥青中加入胶粉并不影响改性沥青的热老化性能,而且对改性沥青的耐热老化性能还有一定程度的提高．对几组复合改性沥青的紫外线老化试验也表明加入废橡胶粉能够提高改性沥青的抗紫外老化性能．     

沥青胶结料低温临界开裂温度计算的改进方法

针对当前沥青胶结料温度应力和低温临界开裂温度计算方法的局限性,为找寻一种更好的沥青胶结料温度应力及相应的低温临界开裂温度计算方法,选取4种不同产地的70^#基质沥青进行旋转薄膜老化（RTFO）和压力箱老化（PAV）展开研究. 利用BBR试验获得沥青胶结料的蠕变柔量,分别采用Hopkins & Hamming算法和CAM模型两步计算法以及Laplace变换一步计算法获得了沥青的温度应力,基于SAP理论计算相应的低温临界开裂温度. 通过统计学方法对计算结果进行比较和分析,采用相关性分析并结合实测路表温度数据对计算方法予以验证. 结果表明:Laplace变换一步计算法和Hopkins & Hamming算法两步计算法具有良好一致性,基于t检验法的低温临界开裂温度p值计算结果达0.90以上. Laplace变换一步计算法与BBR试验具有较强的相关性,临界开裂温度T_CR与S/m指标、Huet流变模型指标的相关系数分别可达0.84、0.94. 实测路表温度变化数据的计算结果证明了该方法不仅适用于匀速降温工况,也适用于任意降温速率下的现场连续变速降温工况.     

再生SBS改性沥青混合料再度老化性能的研究

主要研究再生SBS改性沥青混合料的抗老化性能.对沥青进行24 h、48 h TFOT老化,分别模拟沥青的中度和重度老化,然后将老化沥青再生,对再生沥青拌制的混合料及新鲜沥青混合料进行室内短期与长期老化,并对老化后的沥青混合料进行性能试验与对比评价,分析了再生沥青混合料的抗老化性能及其老化规律,评价再生沥青混合料的耐久性.