声子晶体板复能带计算方法

声子晶体具有弹性波带隙,可以用于结构振动与噪声控制。声子晶体传统能带算法一般给定波矢k在不可约布里渊区边界取值,然后求解特征频率ω,得到ω-k曲线。因而,传统方法中波矢k只取实数,只能求解实能带。为了求解复能带,一般需要给定频率ω,求解特征波矢k,从而得到k-ω曲线。提出了一种参数变换方法,解决了特征波矢求解中复杂的非线性特征值问题,实现了复能带的快速求解。最后,采用两个算例对文中算法进行了验证,包括布拉格声子晶体板和局域共振声子晶体板,研究了带隙内衰减常数随波传播方向的变化和阻尼对带隙的影响。     

新型多共振腔声子晶体声屏障的带隙机理及其隔声性能研究

为控制道路噪声水平,设计了一种新型多共振腔的声子晶体声屏障。该设计先采用理论和仿真计算分析多腔声子晶体的能带结构,研究不同共振腔数量和晶胞形状对声子晶体禁带特性的影响情况,发现随着共振腔个数的增加,带隙的数量和宽度也在增加;针对同种多腔散射体模型还对不同晶格排列方式进行能带特性分析,阐明不同排列方式对带隙范围的影响。为进一步验证带隙的准确性,利用有限元法和边界元法分别仿真计算六共振腔声子晶体声屏障的传递损失,得到的传递损失曲线与其带隙特性能较好的匹配上。最后利用室外试验分别验证其在三角晶格和正方形晶格排列下的隔声效果。试验证明了该新型多共振腔声子晶体声屏障在带隙范围内具有良好的降噪性能。     

固-液结构声子晶体中弹性波的能带

为了研究弹性波在固-液结构声子晶体中的能带特性,推导出了弹性渡斜入射固-液结构声子晶体的转移矩阵.利用它计算了固-液结构声子晶体中弹性波的透射系数.结果表明,当介质的分层厚度固定时,在透射渡中出现了多级禁带,禁带的频率中心随入射角的增加而向高频方向移动.当入射角固定时,禁带的频率宽度随介质的分层厚度近似呈反比变化,禁带的频率中心也随介质的分层厚度近似呈反比变化.     

三维金刚石晶格声子晶体超宽频带隙特性研究

为获得宽频带隙,设计了一种三维声子晶体结构,由位于金刚石晶格格点的介质球通过连接柱连接形成。利用有限元法计算了声子晶体的能带结构、振动模态和透射谱。数值计算结果表明,该结构可以得到相对带隙宽度达到144.5%的超宽频弹性波带隙。介质球和连接柱的共振是宽频带隙产生的主要原因,介质球和连接柱直径的变化显著影响带隙边界和带隙宽度。此外,还利用平面波展开法计算了该结构的光子能带结构。结果显示该结构在具有超宽频弹性波带隙的同时还可获得一定宽度的光子带隙。该金刚石晶格"球-柱"结构可用于减振降噪材料和新型声光器件的设计开发。     

声子晶体串联组合杆振动带隙研究

将声子晶体思想引入串联组合杆结构,构造二组元声子晶体串联组合杆结构。采用传递矩阵法对其进行理论分析及数值计算,并通过有限元仿真验证理论分析结果。对给定的减振要求进行遗传算法最优化求解。研究表明,由于面内、外振动耦合作用,在杆件结合处声子晶体串联组合杆能实现波型转换,弯曲、纵向、扭转带隙可同时被利用,可获得三维宽频减振能力;各子杆间夹角对减振性能有显著影响,可利用遗传算法对所需带隙范围进行声子晶体串联组合杆夹角最优化设计;加载角对各夹角组合形式的声子晶体串联组合杆减振性能影响规律类似,即加载角为0°或90°时该结构减振能力明显优于其它加载情况。     

快速多极边界元法在大规模传热分析中的应用

该文将快速多极边界元法用于三维稳态传热问题的大规模数值计算。多极展开的引入使得该算法能够在单台个人电脑上完成30万自由度以上的传热边界元分析。统一展开的基本解能够处理混合边界。广义极小残差法作为快速多极边界元法的迭代求解器,数值算例分析了快速多极边界元法的计算效率。结果表明:快速多极边界元法的求解效率与常规算法相比有数量级的提高;在模拟复杂结构大规模传热问题上将具有良好的应用前景。     

计算特征向量及其导数的同步迭代法

以前的灵敏度分析方法都是先计算特征对然后再计算它们的导数，本文对特征对计算的矩阵迭代法及子空间迭代法进行改造，在迭代计算特征对的同时计算特征向量的导数。采用矩阵迭代法可以直接迭代计算特征向量导数，避免了对奇异灵敏度方程的求解。采用子空间迭代法可以将原来的大型特征方程和灵敏度方程缩阶为较小的方程。算例表明这两种算法精度较高，采用子空间迭代法计算多个特征向量对一个设计变量的导数计算效率较高。     

弹性波三维散射快速多极子间接边界元法求解

边界元方法对于无限域中弹性波散射求解具有独特优势,但求解矩阵的非对称稠密特征极大限制了该方法在大规模实际工程中的应用。为此,基于单层位势理论,结合快速多极子展开技术,通过对球面压缩波和剪切波势函数的泰勒级数展开,建立一种新的快速多极间接边界元方法,以实现大规模弹性波三维散射的精确高效模拟。算例分析表明所提方法能够大幅度降低计算时间和存储量,可在目前普通计算机上快速实现上百万自由度弹性波三维散射问题的快速精确求解。最后以全空间椭球形孔洞群对平面P波、SV波的散射为例,揭示了三维孔洞群周围稳态位移场和应力场的若干分布规律。该文方法对低无量纲频率（ka<5.0）的大规模多体散射问题尤为适合。     

宇称时间对称声子晶体纳米杆波动特性分析

提出一种宇称时间对称声子晶体纳米杆结构,并构建一种非局部有限元杆的波动力学模型,研究宇称时间对称声子晶体纳米杆中一些新颖的弹性波传播机理。研究结果表明宇称时间对称性声子晶体纳米杆的能带结构出现简并点,且简并点之前频率为实数,简并点之后频率则以复共轭的形式成对出现。虚部能带结构中正、负频率的成对出现表明结构中单色波传播呈现增强和衰减的效应。进一步研究尺寸效应对一维宇称时间对称声子晶体纳米杆结构中弹性波传播的影响,研究表明尺寸效应可以改变结构带隙频率所在位置及其宽度。该研究为宇称时间对称性声子晶体纳米结构在振动与弹性波控制领域的工程应用提供一定的理论指导。     

反平面波在一维液体饱和多孔声子晶体中的传播特性EI北大核心CSCD

基于Biot理论和Bloch理论,研究了反平面波在一维液体饱和多孔声子晶体中的传播特性。求解液体饱和多孔介质中反平面波的波动方程;利用界面应力-位移连续条件得到了相邻单胞的传递矩阵,将传递矩阵和Bloch理论相结合计算了单胞的复能带结构;并且利用刚度矩阵法计算声子晶体的响应谱。分析了液体黏度系数、孔隙率和材料组分比对反平面波传播特性的影响。结果表明:随着黏度系数的增大,复能带的虚部先增大后减小,相应的传输先减弱后增强,复能带的实部在布里渊区边界处先变光滑后又变尖角。这些现象与黏性对快纵波的影响是一致的;随着孔隙率的增大,两种多孔介质的密度差变大,导致带隙变宽,带隙内的衰减增强;与快纵波不同的是高频通带对应的虚部仍然为零,这是由于反平面波和慢纵波之间不会发生相互作用;减小材料组分比发现第一条带隙变宽,带隙内的衰减增强,然而第二条带隙先变宽再变窄,带隙内的衰减先增强后减弱。估算的带隙中心频率值和数值结果基本一致。     

MULTILEVEL AGGREGATION METHOD FOR SOLVING LARGE-SCALE GENERALIZED EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS IN STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS

In this paper a novel iterative method of multilevel type for solving large-scale generalized eigenvalue problems encountered in structural dynamics is presented. A preconditioned iterative technique, which can be viewed as a modification of the Subspace Iteration method, is used for simultaneous calculation of a group of lowest modes and frequencies. The paper demonstrates that a coarse aggregation model can be employed in the hierarchical structure of the preconditioner in order to provide a good resemblance of the latter to the stiffness matrix of the finite element approximation with respect to low-frequency modes. This leads to a fast convergent procedure of subspace iterations. As opposed to the coarse grid used in methods of multigrid type, this model allows for solving problems with different finite elements including reticulated structures in the framework of large comprehensive finite element software systems. Numerical experiments performed for three-dimensional truss, frame and solid structures demonstrate an excellent performance of the method. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Numerical experiments of preconditioned Krylov subspace methods solving the dense non-symmetric systems arising from BEM

Discretization of boundary integral equations leads, in general, to fully populated non-symmetric linear systems of equations. An inherent drawback of boundary element method (BEM) is that, the non-symmetric dense linear systems must be solved. For large-scale problems, the direct methods require expensive computational cost and therefore the iterative methods are perhaps more preferable. This paper studies the comparative performances of preconditioned Krylov subspace solvers as bi-conjugate gradient (Bi-CG), generalized minimal residual (GMRES), conjugate gradient squared (CGS), quasi-minimal residual (QMR) and bi-conjugate gradient stabilized (Bi-CGStab) for the solution of dense non-symmetric systems. Several general preconditioners are also considered and assessed. The results of numerical experiments suggest that the preconditioned Krylov subspace methods are effective approaches solving the large-scale dense non-symmetric linear systems arising from BEM.     

Shape optimization using the boundary element method with substructuring

Applications of the boundary element method for two- and three-dimensional structural shape optimization are presented. The displacements and stresses are computed using the boundary element method. Sub-structuring is used to isolate the portion of the structure undergoing geometric change. The corresponding non-linear programming problem for the optimization is solved by the generalized reduced gradient method. B-spline curves and surfaces are introduced to describe the shape of the design. The control points on these curves or surfaces are selected as design variables. The design objective may be either to minimize the weight or a peak stress of the component by determining the optimum shape subject to geometrical and stress constraints. The use of substructuring allows for problem solution without requiring traditional simplifications such as linearization of the constraints. The method has been successfully applied to the structural shape optimization of plane stress, plane strain and three-dimensional elasticity problems.     

The band gap of 1D viscoelastic phononic crystal

The band gap of one dimensional (1D) phononic crystal with viscoelastic host material is studied in this paper. The standard solid model is used to simulate the viscoelastic behavior of the host material and the fillers embedded in the host material are still assumed elastic material. The band gap problem in 1D phononic crystal leads to an eigenvalue problem by using the plane wave expansion method and the Bloch–Floquet wave theory in a periodic structure. An iterative algorithm is designed to obtain the band gap structure due to the dependence of elastic constants on frequency for the viscoelastic host material. A numerical example is given for steel/epoxy phononic crystal. The band gap of 1D phononic crystal is evaluated for different viscoelastic constants, namely, relaxation time, initial and final state elastic modulus. It is found that the viscoelastic constants of host material affect not only the location but also the width of band gaps.     

三维局域共振型声子晶体低频带隙特性研究

提出了一种三维局域共振型声子晶体结构,通过有限元仿真分析了该结构的低频带隙特性和多重振动耦合机理,继而研究了几何参数的影响因素。结果表明,该结构可以打开50 Hz以下的超低频带隙,其中基体材料和圆柱谐振子的振动耦合是带隙打开的关键,圆柱谐振子的下表面的振动位移越大,越容易打开带隙。中间层斜条部分密度对于带隙的下边界几乎没有影响,但是可使带隙的上边界往高频移动,带隙宽度变大。导致带隙变化的关键因素是中间层S2部分的长度和S1部分的角度。本工作丰富了三维声子晶体低频结构设计和等效模型研究,在工程实践中具有一定的指导价值。     

A new approach of vibration isolation analysis of periodic composite structure based on phononic crystal

It is well-known that phononic crystal has a good effect of vibration isolation within some frequency range. The transmission performances of elastic waves propagating in three-dimension composite structure, based on phononic crystal, embedded periodically with spherical scatterers with different mass density and Lame coefficients are analyzed by the transfer matrix method in this paper. The transfer matrix of monolayer structure and the entire structure are deduced by the wave equations considering boundary conditions of displacement and stress continuity between layers, the reflectivity and transmissivity of vibration isolation of the structure are obtained by calculating its effective impedance, and some useful conclusions are drawn after numerical simulation is carried out.     

A fast multipole boundary element method based on the improved Burton–Miller formulation for three-dimensional acoustic problems

A fast multipole boundary element method (FMBEM) based on the improved Burton–Miller formulation is presented in this paper for solving large-scale three-dimensional (3D) acoustic problems. Some improvements can be made for the developed FMBEM. In order to overcome the non-unique problems of the conventional BEM, the FMBEM employs the improved Burton–Miller formulation developed by the authors recently to solve the exterior acoustic problems for all wave numbers. The improved Burton–Miller formulation contains only weakly singular integrals, and avoids the numerical difficulties associated to the evaluation of the hypersingular integral, it leads to the numerical implementations more efficient and straightforward. In this study, the fast multipole method (FMM) and the preconditioned generalized minimum residual method (GMRES) iterative solver are applied to solve system matrix equation. The block diagonal preconditioner needs no extra memory and no extra CPU time in each matrix–vector product. Thus, the overall computational efficiency of the developed FMBEM is further improved. Numerical examples clearly demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency and applicability of the FMBEM based on improved Burton–Miller formulation for large-scale acoustic problems.     

一种新型复合局域共振型声子晶体带隙特性

设计了一种新型复合局域共振型声子晶体,通过建立弹簧-质量块等效模型用于计算带隙的上下边界频率,同时结合有限元方法分析了该结构共振带隙的产生机理,根据带隙起止点频率处的位移模态研究了声子晶体的带隙特性.研究结果表明,该声子晶体结构在频率2200 Hz附近产生三条完整带隙,其中一条是带宽达406.17 Hz的宽带隙.对于有...     

TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION OF SHEETS IN CONTACT BY A SUBGRADIENT METHOD

We consider the solution of finite element discretized optimum sheet problems by an iterative algorithm. The problem is that of maximizing the stiffness of a sheet subject to constraints on the admissible designs and unilateral contact conditions on the displacements. The model allows for zero design volumes, and thus constitutes a true topology optimization problem. We propose and evaluate a subgradient optimization algorithm for a reformulation into a non-differentiable, convex minimization problem in the displacement variables. The convergence of the method and its low computational complexity are established. An optimal design is derived through a simple averaging scheme which combines the solutions to the linear design problems solved within the subgradient method. To illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm and investigate the properties of the optimal designs, thealgorithm is numerically tested on some medium- and large-scale problems. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一维二组元声子晶体结构参数的传递矩阵法反演研究

采用声传递理论及传递矩阵研究方法,从反问题角度对无限周期一维二组元声子晶体进行理论研究和方法设计。从结构参数角度进行带隙研究,并进行计算机模拟。结果表明,可以从反演的角度对带隙进行研究,从结构参数角度研究无限周期的带隙,可以设计具有某个频率范围带隙的声子晶体隔声构件,从而为实际应用开辟一条新的途径。