American ginseng berry juice intake reduces blood glucose and body weight in ob/ob mice

ABSTRACT:  Diabetes is a serious chronic metabolic disease and has a significant impact on patients' lives and the health care system. We previously observed that the organic solvent extract of American ginseng berry possessed significant antidiabetic effects in obese diabetic ob / ob mice after intraperitoneal injection. If American ginseng berry is useful as a dietary supplement, simple preparation and oral intake would be a convenient, safe, and practical means for consumers. In this study, the simply prepared berry juice was first analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, and then administered orally in the ob / ob mice. The animals received daily berry juice 0.6 mL/kg or vehicle for 10 consecutive days. The results indicated that oral juice administration significantly lowered fasting blood glucose levels, and this effect continued for at least 10 d after cessation of the treatment. Data from intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test demonstrated that there was a notable improvement in glucose tolerance in the juice treated group. In addition, the berry juice significantly reduced body weight. Our data suggest that ginseng berry juice, as a dietary supplement, may have functional efficacy in consumers with diabetes.     

Milk polar lipids modulate lipid metabolism,gut permeability,and systemic inflammation in high-fat-fed C57BL/6J ob/ob mice,a model of severe obesity

Dynamic interactions between lipid metabolism, gut permeability, and systemic inflammation remain unclear in the context of obesity. Milk polar lipids, lipids derived from the milk fat globule membrane, could positively affect the aforementioned obesity-related endpoints. This study aimed to test the hypotheses that milk polar lipids will reduce gut permeability, systemic inflammation, and liver lipid levels, and differentially affect the hepatic expression of genes associated with fatty acid synthesis and cholesterol regulation in preexisting obesity. We fed 3 groups of C57BL/6J ob/ob mice (n = 6 per group) for 2 wk: (1) a modified AIN-93G diet (CO) with 34% fat by energy; (2) CO with milk gangliosides (GG) at 0.2 g/kg of diet; and (3) CO with milk phospholipids (PL) at 10 g/kg of diet. The GG and PL were provided as semi-purified concentrates and replaced 2.0% and 7.2% of dietary fat by energy. The GG and PL did not affect total food intake, weight gain, fasting glucose, or gut permeability. The PL decreased liver mass and the mesenteric fat depot compared with the CO. The GG increased tight junction protein occludin in colon mucosa compared with the CO. The GG and PL decreased tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 in jejunum mucosa compared with the CO. Plasma endotoxin increased during the study but was unaffected by the treatments. Compared with the CO and GG, the PL increased plasma sphingomyelin and plasma IL-6. The GG and PL differentially regulated genes associated with lipid metabolism in the liver compared with the CO. Regarding general effects on lipid metabolism, the GG and PL decreased lipid levels in the liver and the mesenteric depot, and increased lipid levels in the plasma. Diet consumption decreased significantly when the ob/ob mice were kept in metabolic cages, which were not big enough and resulted in unwanted animal deaths. Future studies may keep this in mind and use better metabolic equipment for ob/ob mice. In conclusion, dietary milk polar lipids may have limited beneficial effects on gut barrier integrity, systemic inflammation, and lipid metabolism in the context of severe obesity.     

Aqueous Extract of Gynura Bicolor Attenuated Hepatic Steatosis,Glycative, Oxidative,and Inflammatory Injury Induced by Chronic Ethanol Consumption in Mice

Gynura bicolor leaf aqueous extract (GAE) is rich in phytochemicals including phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, and anthocyanins. Effects of GAE upon hepatic injury in mice with chronic ethanol intake were examined. Lieber–DeCarli liquid diet with ethanol was used to induce hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative, glycative, and inflammatory injury. GAE at 0.25% or 0.5% was added in feeds, and supplied to mice consumed Lieber–DeCarli liquid diet with ethanol for 6 wk. Blood and liver were collected for analyses. Results showed that ethanol increased plasma and hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol content, and affected plasma levels of insulin, adiponectin, leptin, and ghrelin. GAE at both doses decreased lipid accumulation, and at high dose improved hormones abnormality. Histological data revealed that GAE supplement mitigated hepatic lipid deposit. Ethanol increased plasma N^ε‐(carboxyethymethyl)‐lysine and pentosidine levels. GAE at high doses lowered those glycative factors. Ethanol depleted glutathione content, increased CYP2E1 activity and reactive oxygen species production, and reduced the activity of glutathione peroxide, glutathione reductase and catalase in liver. GAE supplement at both doses reversed these alterations and attenuated hepatic oxidative stress. GAE supplement also at both doses decreased hepatic inflammatory cytokines release in ethanol treated mice. These findings support that leaves of G. bicolor is a functional food with liver protective activities against ethanol.     

Anti‐Diabetic Effects of Gynura Bicolor Aqueous Extract in Mice

The effects of Gynura bicolor aqueous extract (GAE) upon glycemic control, coagulation disorder, lipid accumulation, and glycative, oxidative, and inflammatory stresses in diabetic mice were investigated. Mice were treated with streptozotocin to induce type 1 diabetes. Diabetic mice were divided into four groups, consumed GAE at 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, or 1%. Normal group consumed standard mouse basal diet. After 8‐week treatments, mice were sacrificed after overnight fasting. Results showed that GAE supplement at 0.5% and 1% decreased plasma glucose level and increased plasma insulin level. Diabetes lowered plasma level of protein C and anti‐thrombin III; and raised plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 activity and fibrinogen level in plasma. GAE supplement at 0.5% and 1% reversed these alterations. Histological data, assayed by Oil Red O stain, indicated that GAE supplement decreased lipid accumulation in liver. GAE supplement at 0.5% and 1% reduced aldose reductase activity in heart and kidney; and lowered the levels of carboxymethyllysine and pentosidine in plasma and two organs. Diabetes decreased glutathione content, and increased reactive oxygen species, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α production in heart and kidney. GAE supplement at three test doses reversed these changes. Diabetes upregulated the mRNA expression of p38 and nuclear factor kappa (NF‐κ)B in heart and kidney. GAE supplement suppressed the mRNA expression of both p38 and NF‐κB. These novel findings suggest that Gynura bicolor is a potent functional food for diabetic prevention or alleviation.     

Dietary docosahexaenoic acid-rich diacylglycerols ameliorate hepatic steatosis and alter hepatic gene expressions in C57BL/6J-Lep(ob/ob) mice

We examined the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-enriched structured lipids-diacylglycerol (SL-DG), which were synthesized using soybean oil (SO) and algae oil (AO), on hepatic lipid metabolism and the mRNA expression of genes involved in hepatic steatosis of C57BL/6J-Lep(ob/ob) compared to the SL-triacylglycerol (TG). The animals were fed a high-fat (10% lard and 10% test oils) and high-cholesterol (0.2% cholesterol) diet for 12 weeks. Mice fed SL-DG showed a lower total white adipose tissue weight and plasma triglyceride concentration than the SO group. Reduction of hepatic triglyceride content in the SL-DG group was related with the suppression of hepatic enzyme activities for fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis along with fecal triglyceride excretion compared to the SL-TG. SL-DG also lowered hepatic cholesterol levels by suppressing cholesterol regulating enzyme activity compared to the SO group. Moreover, SL-DG lowered the mRNA expressions of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 and its target genes than TG-form oils (SO, AO and SL-TG) in the liver. Thus, the current results suggest that DHA-enriched SL-DG oil used in this study is beneficial for ameliorating hepatic steatosis in obese animal model by improving hepatic fatty acid and cholesterol metabolic enzyme activity and their gene expression.     

Anti-obesity effect of a standardised ethanol extract from Curcuma longa L. fermented with Aspergillus oryzae in ob/ob mice and primary mouse adipocytes

BACKGROUND: We examined the anti‐obesity effect of fermented Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) standardised ethanol extract (FTE) in the C57BL/6J ob/ob mouse model. Mice were fed a chow diet containing FTE (0, 200, or 500 mg kg^?1 body weight) for 9 weeks. RESULTS: Supplementation with FTE significantly reduced body weight gain and retroperitoneal and epididymal adipose tissue weights compared to the ob/ob control group. Additionally, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in serum and liver were significantly decreased in FTE‐200 and FTE‐500 groups when compared to those of the ob/ob control group, whereas the high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol level was significantly increased. The levels of serum adiponectin as well as mRNA expression of lipases, such as hormone sensitive lipase and adipose triglyceride lipase, were clearly increased. In primary adipocytes of C57BL/6J mice, FTE treatment caused a significant increase glycerol release and hormone sensitive lipase levels and decreased perilipin A levels. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that supplementation of FTE has potent anti‐obesity effects by controlling body weight, fat mass, serum lipids, and hepatic lipids. Moreover, FTE could be considered a potential resource for the treatment of obesity through its promotion of lipolysis via the protein kinase A pathway. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry     

叶绿素对ob/ob肥胖小鼠炎症指标的影响

研究叶绿素对肥胖小鼠相关炎症指标的影响,以探究叶绿素发挥的生物活性作用.在高脂饲料喂养条件下,给ob/ob肥胖小鼠灌胃叶绿素,测定其血糖、体重、摄食量等指标;采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定血清炎症因子(TNF-α、IL-6、LEP)和血清内毒素(ET)水平变化.结果表明,叶绿素可显著降低ob/ob肥胖小鼠体内促炎因子以及ET...     

鼠曲草提取物对·OH诱导的肌原纤维蛋白氧化及结构的影响

利用Fenton氧化体系模拟实际肉品氧化环境,研究添加不同浓度水平(0、1.2、6、30 mg/g蛋白)茶多酚(Tea polyphenols,TP)和鼠曲草提取物(Gnaphalium affine extract,GAE)对猪肉肌原纤维蛋白(MPs)氧化和结构变化的影响.结果表明:GAE具有较强的自由基清除能力,与...     

A beetroot juice shot is a significant and convenient source of bioaccessible antioxidants

The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total polyphenol (TP) content of a beetroot juice shot (70 mL) was examined following in vitro digestion. TAC was assessed using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and TP content was measured using the Folin Ciocalteu (FC) method (measured as gallic acid equivalents (GAE) before and after an in vitro digestion procedure with simulated gastric (GAS) and duodenal (DUO) phases. The beetroot shot had a high TAC (697.9 ± 1.6 μmol/70 mL) and TP content (68.4 ± 0.3 mg GAE/70 mL). FRAP values increased approximately 3-fold after GAS (2361.2 ± 20.9 μmol/70 mL) and remained high following DUO (1740.3 ± 21.1 μmol/70 mL). TP content increased 5-fold following GAS (341.6 ± 4.8 mg GAE/70 mL) and remained 3.3-fold higher following DUO (223.2 ± 5.4 mg GAE/70 mL). The beetroot shot delivers a high amount of bioaccessible antioxidants and may be a cost effective and convenient method of increasing antioxidant status.     

Effect of wine phenolic compounds on Lactobacillus hilgardii 5w viability.

After 6 days of Lactobacillus hilgardii 5w incubation at 4 degrees C, the viable cell counts diminish 31.9, 45.6, and 89.0% when suspended in control wine (2,600 mg/liter gallic acid equivalents [GAE]), three-fold concentrated wine (6,150 mg/liter GAE), and six-fold concentrated wine (13,000 mg/liter GAE), respectively. At 20 degrees C in the same conditions, the cell viabilities decrease 74.2, 80.5, and 100.0%, respectively. In decolorized wines, which result in tannin losses, the viable cell counts increase. There is a relationship between L. hilgardii 5w tannin binding and its viability loss.     

Beneficial Effects of Supplementation of the Rare Sugar “D‐allulose” Against Hepatic Steatosis and Severe Obesity in Lepob/Lepob Mice

A rare sugar, D‐allulose (also called D‐psicose), has recently been applied as a food supplement in view of controlling diabetes and obesity in Japan. D‐allulose has been proven to have unique effects against hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in a number of studies using several species of rats and mice. However, the antiobesity effects of D‐allulose have not yet been assessed in Lep^ob/Lep^ob (ob/ob) mice. Therefore, this study explored the dietary supplemental effects of this sugar in leptin‐deficient ob/ob mice. Consequently, the subchronic ingestion of D‐allulose in ob/ob mice for 15 wk significantly decreased the body and liver weights, and the loss of body weight was involved in the reduction of the total fat mass, including abdominal visceral fat, and not fat‐free body mass, including muscle. Furthermore, D‐allulose improved hepatic steatosis, as evaluated using hepatic histological studies and MRI. In the normal mice, none of these parameters were influenced by the single or long‐term ingestion of D‐allulose. These results indicate that dietary supplementation of D‐allulose especially influences postprandial hyperglycemia and obesity‐related hepatic steatosis, without exercise therapy or dietary restriction. Therefore, D‐allulose may be useful as a supplement for preventing and improving obesity and obesity‐related disorders.     

油用牡丹籽种皮多酚的提取及抗氧化和体外发酵特性

采取超声辅助提取油用牡丹籽种皮中的多酚,以多酚提取量为测定指标,通过单因素试验及响应面分析获得最优的工艺条件,进一步测定牡丹籽种皮多酚的抗氧化活性和体外发酵特性。结果表明,超声波提取牡丹籽种皮多酚的最优工艺参数为：乙醇体积分数60%、料液比1:40、超声功率为480 W,提取时间50 min,多酚提取量为83.11 mg GAE/g。牡丹籽种皮多酚的DPPH、ABTS+自由基清除以及FRAP的IC50分别为8.19、5.83、16.46 mg GAE/g,具有良好的抗氧化活性。体外发酵试验证明,牡丹籽壳多酚均可降低正常组和肥胖组中发酵液的pH值,增加短链脂肪酸含量,且对肥胖组的影响更加明显。这表明从油用牡丹籽种皮中分离的多酚具有明显的体外抗氧化活性,有降低肠道体外发酵液pH值,增加短链脂肪酸的功效。     

Antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of selected tropical fruits from Malaysia,extracted with different solvents

The antioxidant capacity and phenol content of three tropical fruits pulps, namely, honey pineapple, banana and Thai seedless guava, were studied. Three solvent systems were used (methanol, ethanol and acetone) at three different concentrations (50%, 70% and 90%) and with 100% distilled water. The antioxidant capacity of the fruit extracts was evaluated using a ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay and the free radical-scavenging capacity was evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging assays. The efficiency of the solvents used to extract phenols from the three fruits varied considerably. The polyphenol content of Thai seedless guava was 123 to 191 gallic acid equivalents/100 g (GAE/100 g), that of pisang mas was 24.4 to 72.2 GAE/100 g, and that of honey pineapple was 34.7 to 54.7 GAE/100 g. High phenol content was significantly correlated with high antioxidant capacity.     

Effects of probiotic fermentation on the enhancement of biological and pharmacological activities of Codonopsis lanceolata extracted by high pressure treatment

This study was designed to evaluate the enhancement of antioxidant, antimicrobial, enzymatic, cytotoxic, and cognitive activities of Codonopsis lanceolata extracted by high pressure treatment followed by probiotic fermentation. Dried C. lanceolata samples were subjected to 400 MPa for 20 min and then fermented with Bifidobacterium longum B6 (HPE-BLF) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus (HPE-LRF) at 37 °C for 7 days. Compared to conventional extraction (CE-NF, 6.69 mg GAE/g), the phenol amounts of HPE-BLF and HPE-LRF were significantly increased to more than 8 mg GAE/g, while the lowest flavonoid contents were observed for HPE-BLF (0.44 mg RE/mL) and HPE-LRF (0.45 mg RE/mL) (p<0.05). Cinnamic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid in the fermented C. lanceolata. The highest DPPH scavenging activities were observed for HPE-BLF and HPE-LRF, with minimum EC(50) values of 1.26 and 1.18 mg/mL, respectively. The HPE-BLF and HPE-LRF samples exhibited the most noticeable antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Shigella boydii (MICs<15 mg/mL). The fermented C. lanceolata samples effectively inhibited α-glucosidase and tyrosinase activities and potentially improved a scopolamine-induced memory deficit in mice. The application of a fermentation process can effectively improve the biological and pharmacological activities of high-pressure-extracted C. lanceolata by increasing the extraction efficacy and inducing probiotic conversion. The results suggest that the combined treatment of HPE and a fermentation process could be used as alternative extraction method over CE.     

Evaluation of antioxidant activities of Iranian sumac (R. coriaria L.) fruit and spice extracts with different solvents

The antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of three sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) samples, including brown sumac fruit, brown sumac powder and red sumac powder were investigated in the present study. Methanol, ethanol, distilled water, and a mixture of methanol and ethanol (1:1) were used as solvent systems. Antioxidant activities of extracts were screened using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl DPPH radical scavenging method. Phenolic content was determined through Folin–Ciocaltaeu procedure. The efficiency of the solvents used to extract phenols from the samples varied considerably. The phenolic content of brown sumac powder ranged from 2.906 to 2.997 gallic acid equivalents/100 g (GAE/100 g), while that of the brown sumac fruit was 2.438–2.529 GAE/100 g, and that of the red sumac powder was 2.172–2.263 GAE/100 g. Findings indicated that water extracts of sumac have effective antioxidant and radical scavenging activities as compared to other extracts.     

不同产地、不同提取方法对余甘子多酚含量及抗氧化活性的影响

本文选用广东、广西、福建、云南、海南五地的余甘子，采用亚临界水提取法、微波-热水提取法、溶剂浸提法、微波提取法、超声波提取法提取余甘子多酚，对比分析多酚含量及抗氧化活性。结果表明，在不同产地中，云南余甘子提取所得多酚含量最高(345.24 mg GAE/g)，广东余甘子提取所得多酚含量最低(198.83 mg GAE/g)。选取云南余甘子，采用不同方法提取多酚，其中亚临界水提取所得余甘子多酚含量最高(387.33 mg GAE/g)，微波提取所得余甘子多酚含量最低(223.45 mg GAE/g)；抗氧化活性研究表明，不同产地中，云南余甘子提取所得多酚对·OH的清除率高于其它地区(P<0.05)，为85.99%，不同产地余甘子提取所得多酚对ABTS⁺自由基清除率无显著性差异，清除率均在97%以上，但云南余甘子提取所得多酚对DPPH·的清除率较低(70.01%)；不同提取方法中，亚临界水提取所得余甘子多酚对DPPH·、ABTS⁺·和·OH的清除率均高于其它方法，多酚浓度与自由基清除率呈明显量效关系。因此，选用云南余甘子，采用亚临界水提取是...     

Antioxidative activities of mao feng tea (Camellia spp.) and kamtae (Ecklonia cava) extracts and their effects on structured lipid from corn and perilla oil

In the study, solvent extracts of kamtae (Ecklonia cava) and mao feng tea (Camillia sinensis) were used for obtaining different fractions of organic solvents (diethyl ether, butanol, and ethyl acetate) and the extracted fractions were studied for their antioxidative activities. The total phenolic contents of the mao feng tea ranged from 1.44 to 5.97 mM GAE/g while kamtae ranged from 1.13 to 4.41 mM GAE/g, respectively. Among them, ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest content of phenolic compounds, resulting in Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values as 1,554.54 (from mao feng tea) and 1,097.63 mM Trolox E/g (from kamtae). Also, ethyl acetate fractions from mao feng tea showed the highest DPPH (89.27 RSC%), superoxide anion scavenging activity (46.58%), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (242.2 mg GAE/g) while ethyl acetate fractions from kamtae (K-EA) showed the highest DPPH (82.23 RSC%), superoxide anion scavenging activity (28.82%), and FRAP (162.43 mg GAE/g) among the obtained fractions.     

Effectiveness of ethanolic galangal extract (Alpinia galanga Linn.) on inhibition of lipid oxidation in fish muscle systems

Effectiveness of ethanolic galangal extract as an antioxidant in fish mince and fillet was investigated. The extract (5.8 μm gallic acid equivalent; GAE) reduced deoxygenation of sea bass haemoglobin (Lates calcarifer) at pH 6.5. The lag time for TBARs development in washed sea bass mince mediated by the haemoglobin at pH 6.5 was extended from 2 to 8 days by added galangal extract (0.02% w/w GAE). Washing the sea bass fillet with low preformed lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) content by galangal extract solution (0.2% w/v GAE) effectively inhibited the TBARs formation throughout the storage. However, in the longtail tuna fillet (Thunnus tonggol) having a significant content of preformed LHP, there was nonsignificant difference in the reaction lag time of the samples washed with the solution and with water. Thus, galangal extract can be used as an antioxidant in fish if its application is performed before initiation of lipid oxidation.     

Antioxidant and antigenotoxic effect of dairy products supplemented with red ginseng extract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antigenotoxic effect of dairy products milk (M) and yogurt (Y) after the addition of 2% red ginseng extract to milk (RM) and to yogurt (RY). Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, and total radical trapping antioxidant potential were determined in the samples. Furthermore, antigenotoxic effect of samples was measured, using comet assay in human leukocytes. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of RM [38.3 ± 0.8 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g, 23.6 ± 0.1 mg of quercetin equivalents (QE)/100 g] and RY (41.1 ± 0.9 mg of GAE/100 g, 18.7 ± 0.1 mg of QE/100 g), respectively, were higher than those of M (6.31 ± 0.2 mg of GAE/100 g, 10.4 ± 0.1 mg of QE/100 g) and Y (8.1 ± 0.9 mg of GAE/100 g, 8.4 ± 0.2 mg of QE/100 g), respectively. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity values increased significantly after the addition of 2% red ginseng in both. Additionally, the total radical trapping antioxidant potential in RM (787.7 ± 7.0 μg/mL) was lower than in M (2074.0 ± 28.4 μg/mL). The H₂O₂-induced DNA damage in RY (0.1 ± 0.0 mg/mL) was less than the damage in Y (0.4 ± 0.0 mg/mL), but we found no significant difference between M and RM. This study indicates that supplementation with red ginseng can fortify the antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of dairy products effectively.     

不同产地尖顶羊肚菌多酚组成及抗氧化活性研究

为研究不同产地羊肚菌多酚的抗氧化活性及组成,以3 种不同产地（云南、西藏、新疆）尖顶羊肚菌为原料,提取羊肚菌游离酚和结合酚,测定其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH）自由基清除能力、还原力、2,2’-联苯-二（3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸）二铵盐（2,2’-azinobis-（3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate）,ABTS）自由基清除能力和抗氧化能力指数（oxygen radical absorbance capacity,ORAC）值,并通过高效液相色谱（high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC）分析其组分。结果表明,3 种尖顶羊肚菌平均总酚含量为5.958 mg GAE/g,游离酚约为结合酚的25 倍;云南尖顶羊肚菌游离酚、结合酚含量最高（（6.157±0.192）、（0.250±0.018） mg GAE/g）,西藏尖顶羊肚菌游离酚、结合酚含量最低（（4.928±0.045）、（0.188±0.026） mg GAE/g）。3 种尖顶羊肚菌多酚组分主要为酚酸和黄酮,组成较一致,但含量差异显著。体外抗氧化结果表明：3 种尖顶羊肚菌多酚均具有一定的抗氧化活性,其中对DPPH自由基的清除能力最强;西藏尖顶羊肚菌多酚的DPPH自由基清除能力和还原力最强;新疆尖顶羊肚菌多酚的ABTS＋·清除能力最强,ORAC值也最高。