自由空间光通信技术的发展

自由空间光通信（FSO）又称无线光通信,是指以激光（MHz）为载波、自由空间为传输介质的一种通信技术。文中主要介绍了自由空间光通信的优势、特点以及应用价值,分析了自由空间光通信系统在蓝绿激光水下通信方面的应用。     

自由空间光通信技术及其发展

自由空间光通信(FSO)又称无线光通信,是指以激光为载波,在真空或大气中传递信息的通信技术.文章主要介绍了自由空间光通信的优势、特点以及存在的问题,并分析了自由空间光通信在未来的发展方向.     

自由空间激光通信技术发展趋势分析

根据不同的应用背景,将自由空间光通信技术分为星间光通信、星地光通信和地面无线光网三大类,分别概述了三种自由空间光通信技术的主要特点和近期发展概况。分析了自由空间光通信系统中信号激光波长和束散角选择等关键问题,对该项技术今后的发展方向作了评述。     

自由空间光通信技术及发展探究

自由空间光通信技术是将激光束作为传播信号,以大气为传播介质的一种新型通信技术。如今,自由空间光通信技术已经在各个领域受到广泛的应用,本文对自由空间光通信技术特点和优势进行了归纳,简要介绍了自由空间光通信技术在国外、国内的研究现状,并从应用的角度分析了自由空间光通信技术今后的研究方向和发展趋势。     

近地面红外与紫外自由空间光通信特点及其比较研究

针对自由空间光通信技术的不断发展,及其在军用、民用领域的应用前景.在与传统的有线通信系统、无线电波通信系统相比较的基础上,阐述了近地面自由空间光通信系统的组成及其技术经济特点,分别深入分析了近地面红外与紫外这两种自由空间光通信系统的组成、工作原理和主要技术特点,提出了相应的主要性能指标与关键技术,并对这两种光通信的特点...     

空间光通信

本文主要介绍了自由空间光通信的应用价值、主要特点、发展现状、发展的制约因素以及应用优势,最后分析了自由空间光通信系统的蓝绿激光水下通信在核潜艇通信方面的应用。     

浅谈自由空间光通信技术及其应用

自由空间光通信技术（FSO）是一种宽带无线接入技术,利用激光束作为信道在大气空间中直接进行语音、数据、图像等信息的双向传送,是光通信技术和无线通信技术相结合的产物。文章首先简要介绍了自由空间光通信技术的起源和发展历史,分析了自由空间光通信技术的基本工作原理及它的优缺点,阐述了自由空间光通信技术的应用领域,并对自由空间光技术的发展现状做了讨论。     

自由空间光通信的现状与发展趋势

对自由空间光通信技术的基本特点作了归纳;简要介绍了自由空间光通信技术在国外、国内的研究现状;从应用的角度出发阐述了自由空间光通信技术研究的几个方向和发展趋势。     

自由空间光通信的现状与发展趋势

对自由空间光通信技术的基本特点作了归纳；简要介绍了自由空间光通信技术在国外、国内的研究现状；从应用的角度出发阐述了自由空间光通信技术研究的几个方向和发展趋势。     

自由空间光通信

对自由空间光通信技术的基本特点作了归纳;简要介绍了自由空间光通信技术优势及发展前景;从应用的角度出发阐述了自由空间光通信技术研究的几个方向和发展趋势。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

A method for calculating the center position of collimated light

It is a key problem to accurately calculate beam spots＇ center of measuring the warp by using a collimated laser. A new method, named double geometrical center method （DGCM）, is put forward for the first time. In this method, a plane wave perpendicularly irradiates an aperture stop, and a charge couple device （CCD） is employed to receive the diffraction-beam spots, then the geometrical centers of the fast and the second diffraction-beam spots are calculated respectively, and their mean value is regarded as the center of datum beam. In face of such adverse instances as laser intension distributing defectively, part of the image being saturated, this method can still work well. What＇s more, this method can detect whether an unacceptable error exits in the courses of image receiving, processing and calculating. The experimental results indicate the precision of this method is high.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.