AH-90及PG70-28改性沥青老化性能研究

对AH-90基质沥青及PG70-28改性沥青分别进行了室内旋转薄膜烘箱老化、压力老化及室外光氧老化试验,采用针入度、针入度指数、延度、软化点等指标分析考察了室内热氧老化对沥青高温稳定性、低温开裂性及温度敏感性能的影响。结果表明:老化降低了沥青的低温抗裂性能,改善了沥青的抗高温变形性能和对温度的敏感性,改性沥青的抗老化性能明显优于基质沥青。采用粘温指数法、老化指数法分别考察了光氧老化及热氧老化沥青的感温性能和抗老化性能。结果表明,粘温指数法和针入度指数法具有较好的相关性,总辐射能为10.5 kJ/cm2的室外紫外光照射对沥青感温性能和路用性能的影响比PAV老化严重,在内蒙古强紫外线地区沥青路面设计时需充分考虑光老化带来的危害。     

Rheological properties of conductive asphalt binders containing graphite and carbon fiber before and after ageing

Modified asphalt binders were prepared by adding conductive materials, graphite and carbon fiber. The rotation thin film oven test (RTFOT) and pressure age vessel test (PAV) were conducted to simulate the binder aging in the field. Rheological properties of graphite and carbon fiber modified asphalt binder were investigated by the empirically rheological properties (penetration and softening point) and the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test. Results show that physical properties of asphalt binder change with conductive material mixed. DSR tests present that the values of complex modulus increase while phase angles decrease under a proper amount of graphite and carbon fiber. Rutting parameters point out that graphite can improve the rutting resistance of asphalts. Rheological parameters can be used to assess aging.     

有机化累托石改性沥青的制备及性能研究

采用熔融插层法制备了有机化累托石(OREC)改性沥青,利用X射线衍射(XRD)表征了OREC改性沥青的微观结构,研究了OREC用量对改性沥青物理性能和粘度的影响,并通过薄膜烘箱(TFOT)和压力老化(PAV)对基质沥青和改性沥青老化性能进行了比较。结果表明:OREC可与沥青熔融插层形成剥离型纳米复合结构;OREC与沥青熔融共混后,沥青的软化点和粘度均增大;与普通沥青相比,经TFOT和PAV老化后,OREC改性沥青的软化点增量和粘度增加率显著减小,表明OREC可有效改善沥青耐老化性能。     

不同废食用油对回收沥青物理性能的影响

研究探讨了3种废食用植物油和1种未使用过的新油对回收沥青的再生效果,将其以与回收沥青的质量比分别为4%、6%、8%、10%、12%掺入回收沥青中,通过高速剪切搅拌方法制备再生沥青,并对再生沥青进行针入度、软化点、延度、黏度及动态剪切流变试验。试验结果表明:不同废食用油的掺入增大了沥青的针入度和延度,降低了沥青的软化点和黏度,同时使沥青的复合剪切模量下降,相位角增大。不同废食用油对回收沥青各项基本物理性能的改善效果不同,对动态流变性能的影响较为相似。当废食用油与回收沥青的质量比为8%和10%时,4种再生沥青的物理性能与基质沥青性能相近。     

Road performances of mesoporous nano-silica modified asphalt binders

The objective of this paper was to find new modifier to improve the aging resistance and low temperature cracking resistance of asphalt. To investigate the aging resistance of modified asphalt binders, mesoporous nano-silica(doping Ti~(4+)) was used as a asphalt modifier. Some physical properties including penetration, ductility, and softening point of asphalt were analyzed with RTFO(Rotating thin film oven) aging and ultraviolet aging. Moreover, the performances of high and low temperature of modified asphalt binders with pressure aging were tested by dynamic shear rheometer(DSR) test and bending beam rheometer(BBR) test. These results showed that the penetration decreased, low temperature ductility, and softening point increased when adding mesoporous nano-silica to base asphalt. After ultraviolet radiation aging, the penetration loss and ductility loss of modified asphalt decreased than that of original asphalt, the increase of softening point was also significantly reduced than that of base asphalt. Furthermore, The test results of DSR and BBR showed that the G*sinδ and creep modulus‘s' of pressure aged asphalt decreased, but the creep rate ‘m' increased. It can be concluded that the aging resistance and cracking resistance of modified asphalt are improved by adding mesoporous nano-silica, especially the doping of Ti~(4+) could improve the aging resistance obviously.     

彩色沥青的路用性能

以辽河沥青(AH-70)为基质沥青,在一定的工艺条件下,加入各种添加剂,调和剂和颜料,采用调和法制备出了符合GB/T15180-94的4种牌号重交通道路标准的彩色道路沥青。对其中的70#、90#两个牌号的彩色沥青路用性能进行了分析,并用粘度法对其抗老化性能进行了评价。路用性能分析的结果表明,所研制的两种彩色道路沥青针入度指数PI在-1.2～+1.0之间,具备良好的感温性能;当量软化点T800,当量脆点T1.2和粘弹区间(T800-T1.2)均相近或优于相应的沥青标准,具有良好的高温稳定性和低温开裂性;70#彩色沥青老化指数低于90#彩色沥青,抗老化性较好。     

I-C级克拉玛依SBS改性沥青的制备

采用添加硬沥青、石油树脂和助剂的方法制备了I-C级克拉玛依SBS改性沥青,考察了硬沥青、石油树脂以及助剂对SBS改性沥青软化点、针入度以及储存稳定性的影响。结果表明,当改性剂SBS质量分数为4%、硬沥青质量分数为3%、石油树脂质量分数为3%、助剂质量分数为2%时,SBS改性克拉玛依沥青的软化点为55.6℃,针入度为60.7（0.1mm）,5℃时延度达到31.2cm,在163℃的温度下储存48h时,上、下层软化点之差为1.2℃,符合I-C级改性沥青标准要求。     

改性沥青再生特性的试验研究

通过对改性沥青的模拟再生试验,结合改性沥青的再生机理分析了再生后的改性沥青宏观指标以及微观指标,并通过再生后改性沥青的针入度、软化点、延度和粘度的变化规律判定了合理的再生剂用量,说明再生后改性沥青微观指标和老化指标的关系,得出改性沥青再生具有充分可行性的结论.     

有机化蒙脱土改性沥青老化性能的研究

采用熔融共混法制备了有机化蒙脱土(OMMT)改性沥青,通过薄膜烘箱老化试验(TFOT)和压力老化(PAV)试验,研究了OMMT对改性沥青老化性能的影响。结果表明,OMMT可显著减小沥青TFOT和PAV老化后粘度的增大、软化点的升高和针入度的降低,有效改善沥青的短期老化和长期老化性能;OMMT对沥青耐老化性能的改善作用随其用量的增加而增大,但当OMMT用量超过3%时,其对沥青耐老化性能的提高已较小。     

橡胶粉与SBS复合改性沥青路用性能与微观结构

采用废旧橡胶粉和热塑性弹性体SBS复合改性道路石油沥青AH-90,分别进行了性能测试试验和结构分析试验,结果表明:改性后沥青的针入度明显下降,延度和弹性恢复明显增加,软化点升高,T800升高,T1.2降低,沥青的高温稳定性和低温变形能力均有较大改善。     

影响环氧化SBS改性沥青性能的若干因素

采用环氧化SBS改性镇海沥青,对改性沥青的针入度、软化点、延伸度和粘度进行了试验,分析了影响环氧化SBS改性沥青性能的主要因素.试验结果表明：环氧化SBS的环氧基质量分数、加入量以及反应时间等因素影响改性沥青的性能.     

沥青抽提和回收用替代溶剂适用性评价

沥青抽提和回收方法使用溶剂三氯乙烯对人和环境存在较大危害性,选用新的替代性溶剂已势在必行。采用溶解度、抽提和回收等试验方法,对新溶剂DBE与三氯乙烯之间的使用效果进行了大量对比,发现二者的沥青溶解度相差仅为1.0%;抽提沥青含量变化范围多数在0.3%之间。相比之下,新溶剂的回收沥青针入度稍高,软化点、延度和粘度无明显差别。结果表明,DBE溶剂具有足够的沥青溶解能力和抽提能力,且回收过程对沥青的影响较小,完全可成为三氯乙烯的较理想替代溶剂。     

Evaluation of Mixture Performance Recycled Asphalt Pavement Materials as Base Layer with or without Rejuvenator into the Asphalt

The binder properties were determined in accordance with Chinese standard such as ductility test,which allowed to measure the distance in centimeters that a standard briquette of asphalt had been stretched before breaking.Then,penetration test was carried out in order to know some properties of the asphalt,which are the hardness and the softness.Finally,softening point test was carried out in order to determine the temperature at which the bitumen attains a particular degree of softening under the specification of the test.According to Chinese standard for performance tests,firstly,Marshall test was carried out in order to measure the theoretical density,air voids,voids filled with asphalt,stability,flow,and voids in mineral aggregate of asphalt specimens.Secondly,Freeze-thaw splitting test was carried out in order to determine Splitting strength ratio.Finally,dynamic stability (rutting) test was carried out to determine average dynamic stability.Beside the tests carried out,the gradation of the extracted aggregate in accordance with American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials was carried out to determine the dimensions of the particles weight distribution.Furthermore,both the percentage of recycled asphalt pavement materials and binder in mixture were determined to know how much of the new material during the mixture was needed.However,two specimens were used to evaluate the performance of recycled asphalt pavement materials.One specimen of recycled asphalt pavement materials was ten years old,and another one of recycled asphalt pavement materials was five years old.The results show that the conditions of the environment such as moisture,temperature,and age,decrease the ductility and penetration properties of binder when increase the softening point property of binder.Then the gradation of recycled asphalt pavement aggregate is of the required values to reuse in the mixture,while the flow ratio,the splitting strength ratio,and the dynamic stability ratio,are less than the required value test.With regard to the properties of mixture of recycled asphalt pavement material binder with rejuvenator,the results show that when the penetration and ductility versus percentage of rejuvenator increase,softening point versus percentage of rejuvenator decreases.Also,when the bitumen and rejuvenator percentage increase,the air voids decrease.Consequently,voids filled with asphalt and voids in the mineral aggregate increase.Moreover,the theoretical density and stability values decrease in a mixture containing four-point fifty percent to six percent of bitumen and rejuvenator,whereas the flow values increase.More interestingly,with four percent to four-point fifty percent mixture ratio of bitumen and rejuvenator,density,stability,and flow values increase.The splitting strength ratio values of mixtures and the dynamic stability test (rutting test) values of mixtures with forty percent of specimen one and specimen two respectively are greater than the required value of the standard test.In addition,the high percentage of rejuvenator increases the rut of pavement,in the same manner,the low percentage of rejuvenator induces low rut.In conclusion,the binder content from recycled materials without rejuvenator seems not be sufficient to be reused on the new pavement while the aged recycled material seems to be performed better than no aged recycled material with rejuvenator into bitumen.Then,the rejuvenator can influence the bitumen properties and performance of the pavement.Finally,the pavement made by only recycled pavement materials as a base layer appears to be more economical but cannot be more effective than the pavement made by mixture of new and recycled pavement materials as a base layer.     

SBS改性沥青的老化方程及应用

建立起SBS改性沥青的非线性微分老化方程,应用微分方程探索SBS改性沥青的老化规律,并计算任意时刻的沥青老化量和老化速率;测定SBS改性沥青在不同RTFOT老化时间下的针入度、5℃延度、软化点、135℃粘度指标,得出各指标的老化参数及老化方程,通过分析实验值与老化方程计算值间的相关性,验证非线性老化方程的可靠性;对老化方程的潜在应用方向进行了初探。研究结果表明:非线性老化方程能精确地预测SBS改性沥青的针入度、软化点、粘度、延度的老化规律,能计算任意时刻各指标的老化量及老化速率;老化速率方程计算显示,沥青的老化速率在开始时刻最大,后期随老化时间的延长而逐渐变小,与老化的实际情况吻合;沥青老化方程可用于沥青抗老化性能评价、耐久性评价、沥青路面开裂预测、沥青路面再生决策。     

水泥与消石灰对沥青胶浆性能影响研究

研究掺加水泥和消石灰对沥青胶浆性能的影响.通过测试不同替换量下掺加水泥和消石灰时沥青胶浆的高温、低温性能和施工性能,发现掺加水泥后胶浆的软化点增加,黏度降低,低温性能得到改善.但是替换量超过60%时,胶浆延度改善幅度降低,因而水泥替换量不宜超过60%;当掺加消石灰时沥青胶浆软化点和黏度显著增大,BBR试验显示低温抗裂性能劣化,但是替换量不超过20%时,对低温性能影响较小.     

橡胶改性沥青的老化及再生

选取辽河油田生产的沥青为原料,加入废旧橡胶粉和苯乙烯焦油,在高速剪切机的作用下制备橡胶改性沥青,然后将橡胶改性沥青用旋转薄膜烘箱进行老化试验研究,研究老化时间和橡胶粉的质量分数对沥青软化点、针入度、延度的影响。并将自制老化再生剂添加到老化橡胶改性沥青中,考察再生剂的性能。实验结果表明：胶粉的质量分数为15%时的抗老化性能最好,加入再生剂后的老化橡胶改性沥青可以恢复相关的路用性能,符合国家规定的140#道路沥青标准。     

沙特沥青老化动力学研究

研究了用沙特减渣调配出的两种高等级道路沥青,在老化过程中正戊烷沥青质的变化及针入度、软化点、延度等指标的变化。并根据正戊烷沥青质的变化,进行了沥青老化动力学研究,计算得到了有关动力学参数,得出了动力学方程,计算值与试验数据相吻合,初步揭示了沥青组成与其抗老化性能之间的关系。结果表明,高等级道路沥青老化属于一级动力学反应。与AH-90相比AH-70沥青具有较高的反应活化能,反应速度常数较小,具有较低的老化速率和较好的抗老化性能。同时,老化过程中,沥青针入度、软化点及延度的变化进一步证明了所得动力学模型是可靠的。     

Mechanism of Fume Suppression and Performance on Asphalt of Expanded Graphite for Pavement under High Temperature Condition

Fume suppression mechanisms and the effect of expanded graphite on the performance of asphalt were studied by applying infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and comprehensive thermal analysis(TG, DSC). The experimental results confirm that asphalt which is mixed with expandable graphite will expand in the process of hot mix, and the expanded graphite layer will swell by the light component in the asphalt. The light component in the asphalt and PAHs adsorption on expanded graphite surface or part of the plug in the expanded graphite layer between plates made nucleation crystallization growth. And the Van der Waals force and the bonding of the lattice can effectively restrain the asphalt fume release. Meanwhile, the expanding agent with oxidative can spread into the asphalt, leading to asphalt oxygenated and plastic abate, while the ductility decreases. Expanded graphite, SBS modifier and environment- friendly plasticizers are used to composite modified asphalt. According to asphalt fume release experiment, normal test of asphalt performance, Brookfield viscosity test, RTFOT test and asphalt mixture tests(high temperature stability, low temperature stability, water stability), it has been proven that the modified asphalt's performance is better than that of matrix asphalt and equivalent to that of SBS modified asphalt. Furthermore, it has good fume suppression effect.     

废橡胶粉对SBS改性沥青的老化性能影响研究

在SBS改性沥青中加入糠醛抽出油溶胀后的活化废橡胶粉制备SBS／胶粉复配改性沥青,并对其热老化前后的软化点、针入度、延度等性能进行测试,表明在SBS改性沥青中加入胶粉并不影响改性沥青的热老化性能,而且对改性沥青的耐热老化性能还有一定程度的提高．对几组复合改性沥青的紫外线老化试验也表明加入废橡胶粉能够提高改性沥青的抗紫外老化性能．     

Property of Anti-Ultraviolet Aging of LDHs Modified Asphalt

LDHs was introduced into 70# asphalt binder by different weight ratio. Asphalt penetration test, soft point test, ductility test, viscosity test, dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) test, were conducted to characterize and predict the LDHs modified asphalt. Research results indicated that the LDHs has great effect on resistance to UV of asphalt, which makes the asphalt absorb less ultraviolet radiation under the same UV intensity. Complex modulus, phase angle and FTIR test results indicate that the LDHs can significantly enhance the property of anti-ultraviolet aging of asphalt. The test results show that the LDHs has an obvious improvement on the anti UV aging of asphalt.