An Interactive Designing System with Virtual Sculpting and Virtual Woodcut Printing

In this paper, we propose an interactive designing method and a system based on it to create 3D objects and 2D images. This system consists of two subsystems for virtual sculpting to create a 3D shape and virtual printing to produce a picture with a printing block. In the virtual sculpting subsystem, a user can form solid objects with curved surfaces as if sculpting them. The user operates virtual chisels, and can remove or attach arbitrary shapes of ellipsoids or cubes from or to the workpiece. A 3D object generated by virtual sculpting looks like a real wooden sculpture. If using a board as a workpiece, a user can generate a virtual printing block. In the virtual printing subsystem, a user can synthesize a woodcut printing image from the virtual printing block mentioned above, a virtual paper sheet, and a printing brush. The user can synthesize a realistic woodcut print with a procedure similar to the actual woodcut printing.     

Watercolor Woodblock Printing with Image Analysis

Watercolor paintings have a unique look that mixes subtle color gradients and sophisticated diffusion patterns. This makes them immediately recognizable and gives them a unique appeal. Creating such paintings requires advanced skills that are beyond the reach of most people. Even for trained artists, producing several copies of a painting is a tedious task. One can resort to scanning an existing painting and printing replicas, but these are all identical and have lost an essential characteristic of a painting, its uniqueness. We address these two issues with a technique to fabricate woodblocks that we later use to create watercolor prints. The woodblocks can be reused to produce multiple copies but each print is unique due to the physical process that we introduce. We also design an image processing pipeline that helps users to create the woodblocks and describe a protocol that produces prints by carefully controlling the interplay between the paper, ink pigments, and water so that the final piece depicts the desired scene while exhibiting the distinctive features of watercolor. Our technique enables anyone with the resources to produce watercolor prints.     

中国木版年画的画版处理技术研究

为了对中国木板年画进行数字化保护,本文以套色印刷的朱仙镇木板年画为例, 采用图像处理技术从年画中提取出线版和色版。处理流程分为前处理、线版提取、色版提取和 后处理四个部分。以像素的RGB 和CMY 颜色分量比率计算灰度值,将图中大部分彩色转化为 白色,依此对年画进行去色处理;再经过阈值处理、形态学处理和线条光滑获得年画的黑色线 版。主要利用K-均值聚类方法获取年画的色版。本文的处理结果很好地表现了年画的画版原貌, 所提出的处理框架对于中国木板年画的数字化保护具有较高的实用价值。     

隐形多彩色条形码打印系统软件的设计与实现

介绍利用VB设计并实现的以稀土能量上转换材料为码元的一种隐形多彩色一维条码的打印系统。该多彩色条码的编码原理是当红外光源通过光学系统照射在上转换材料上时,稀土能量上转换材料会在紫外光、可见光、红外光等光谱频率范围内发光。任意被激发的荧光带都带着丰富的信息码,通过挖掘稀土材料上转换机制所潜在的巨大信息潜能,将被激发不同颜色的稀土材料作为条码中的条码元,利用数学组合方法,该彩色条码可得到远大于目前黑白条码的容量。文中对编码软件系统框架进行整体介绍,实现了条码字符的编码入库,条码字符的打印及条码模块属性设置等关键技术,并附有关键代码。通过对软件系统测试,效果良好。基于此打印软件的打印条码经印刷套印,得到以不同稀土能量上转换材料为码元的隐形条码,具有防伪能力强和信息容量高等特点,具有广泛的应用前景。     

二维彩色条码打印系统软件的设计与实现

介绍了利用VB设计并实现的一种二维彩色条码的打印系统。该彩色条码相对于传统的黑白条码在第三维增加了信息容量,实现了在条空横向宽度、条空纵向排列和条空颜色三方面传载信息,可得到远大于目前黑白条码的容量。文中对编码软件系统框架进行整体介绍,实现了条码码字集的编码入库,二维彩色条码字符的打印及条码模块属性设置等关键技术,并附有关键代码。通过对软件系统的测试,效果良好。表明该二维彩色条码编码系统实现了比二维条码更高的信息容量和信息密度,具有广泛的应用前景。     

Economic approximate-K color printing algorithm

This article describes a novel scheme to save the usage of ink or toner by an approximate-K algorithm for color printers. Existing printers use the mixtures of three color toners (Cyan, Magenta and Yellow) to print all the pixels for color images, and it makes color printing 4–4.5 times more expensive than monochromic printing. Since human eyes are not sensitive to distinguish neighboring colors in the color space, we can use the K (blackK) toner to replace the colors close to gray-scale. We can then reduce the ink usage without affecting the image visual qualities. We use the saturation in the HSV (hue, saturation, value) color model to discover the near gray-scale pixels and transform those pixels to gray level. We then evaluate the objective image quality using the PSNR (Peak Signal Noise Ratio) and use the DSCQS (Double Stimulus Continuous Quality Scale) as the subjective evaluation method. From our experimental results, printing a color image using our algorithm needs only 84 % of the original price in average.     

智能防御的私有云打印系统

针对打印服务中普遍存在的易受攻击、数据泄密等安全风险以及它的安全等级完全依赖外部环境的信息安全建设的特点, 提出一种基于智能防御的私有云的安全打印架构. 该架构以私有云技术为基础采用虚拟打印技术为打印服务提供统一的透明的访问接口, 并结合身份验证和打印安全策略对打印业务流进行监控管理, 同时应用一种端末的网络访问控制策略实现打印输出端在网内的安全隔离, 以达到按需访问和智能防御的目的. Jmeter进行系统压测和hping3进行安全性测试的结果表明, 在没有遭受攻击时, 提交作业和作业输出这2个业务流分别在400并发用户连续发起100次的请求下, 系统执行无误的响应时间仍在2 s以内; 在遭受5000 SYN包/s攻击时, 系统在上述请求下执行作业输出的异常率也只有3.62％. 在防范打印风险的同时, 仍具有良好的用户体验和健壮性.     

Data generation and representation method for 3D video conferencing using programming by demonstration

Video conferencing provides an environment for multiple users linked on a network to have meetings. Since a large quantity of audio and video data are transferred to multiple users in real time, research into reducing the quantity of data to be transferred has been drawing attention. Such methods extract and transfer only the features of a user from video data and then reconstruct a video conference using virtual humans. The disadvantage of such an approach is that only the positions and features of hands and heads are extracted and reconstructed, whilst the other virtual body parts do not follow the user. In order to enable a virtual human to accurately mimic the entire body of the user in a 3D virtual conference, we examined what features should be extracted to express a user more clearly and how they can be reproduced by a virtual human. This 3D video conferencing estimates the user’s pose by comparing predefined images with a photographed user’s image and generates a virtual human that takes the estimated pose. However, this requires predefining a diverse set of images for pose estimation and, moreover, it is difficult to define behaviors that can express poses correctly. This paper proposes a framework to automatically generate the pose-images used to estimate a user’s pose and the behaviors required to present a user using a virtual human in a 3D video conference. The method for applying this framework to a 3D video conference on the basis of the automatically generated data is also described. In the experiment, the framework proposed in this paper was implemented in a mobile device. The generation process of poses and behaviors of virtual human was verified. Finally, by applying programming by demonstration, we developed a system that can automatically collect the various data necessary for a video conference directly without any prior knowledge of the video conference system.     

Neural Networks Based Colour Measuring for Process Monitoring and Control in Multicoloured Newspaper Printing

This paper presents a neural networks based method and a system for colour measurements on printed halftone multicoloured pictures and halftone multi-coloured bars in newspapers. The measured values, called a colour vector, are used by the operator controlling the printing process to make appropriate ink feed adjustments to compensate for colour deviations of the picture being measured from the desired print. By the colour vector concept, we mean the CMY or CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) vector, which lives in the three- or four-dimensional space of printing inks. Two factors contribute to values of the vector components, namely the percentage of the area covered by cyan, magenta, yellow and black inks (tonal values) and ink densities. Values of the colour vector components increase if tonal values or ink densities rise, and vice versa. If some reference values of the colour vector components are set from a desired print, then after an appropriate calibration, the colour vector measured on an actual halftone multicoloured area directly shows how much the operator needs to raise or lower the cyan, magenta, yellow and black ink densities to compensate for colour deviation from the desired print. The 18 months experience of the use of the system in the printing shop witnesses its usefulness through the improved quality of multicoloured pictures, the reduced consumption of inks and, therefore, less severe problems of smearing and printing through.     

IMAGE ANALYSIS AND FUZZY INTEGRATION APPLIED TO PRINT QUALITY ASSESSMENT

ABSTRACT

We present an image analysis and fuzzy integration based option for the assessment of print quality in rotogravure printing. Values of several print distortion attributes are evaluated employing image analysis procedures and then are aggregated into an overall print quality measure using fuzzy integration. The experimental investigations performed have shown that the print quality evaluations provided by the measure correlate well with the print quality rankings obtained from the expert. The developed tools are successfully used in printing shops for routine print quality control.     

面向传统图像水印算法的打印监控系统的改进与实现

针对传统图像水印算法在打印监控中的应用,本文设计并实现了面向传统图像水印算法的打印监控系统。研究打印监控技术的特点及优劣,根据系统需求对选定的打印监控技术进行改进;提出一套对缓冲池文件的处理方案,为传统图像水印算法提供统一的接口。测试结果表明该方案可应用于所有使用假脱机技术进行打印的Windows操作系统,具有一定的实用价值。     

传统印刷与数字印刷

互联网、手机、电子书等新媒体技术的发展,压缩了传统媒体的生存空间,印刷行业所受的冲击也不小。传统印刷面临的困境只能依靠发展新型印刷技术来解决,"数字印刷"是新型印刷技术之一,它与传统印刷不同之处在于数字印刷可以一张起印、边印边改,是利用印前系统将图文信息直接通过网络传输到数字印刷机上印刷出印品的一种新型印刷技术。     

荣宝斋木版水印的历史发展与传承

荣宝斋木版水印从1978年改革开放至今,它的发展主要体现在作品的选择与印制上。在30年多年的发展中,荣宝斋印制了大量精致的木版水印作品,1954年,荣宝斋成功印制了清代王云的绢本山水《月夜楼阁》,填补了1300年来雕版绢本印刷的空白。荣宝斋木板水印的传承也具有非常重要的意义,荣宝斋木版水印的主要传授方式有：师传、口述两种。荣宝斋的传承人分为首席技师、高级技师、中级与初级技师和高、中、初级学徒等几个级别。     

基于哈萨克文的文档镜像打印

为了解决在Word中哈萨克文的文档不能镜像打印的问题,本文提出了一种Adobe Acrobat虚拟打印技术,有效解决了这个难题。     

Optimized image resizing using flow-guided seam carving and an interactive genetic algorithm

In this paper, we introduce a novel method for content-aware image resizing based on flow-guided seam carving. It extends the existing seam carving framework by replacing the conventional energy field with a “structure-aware” energy field that takes into account the feature orientations in the image. Guided by this new energy field, our approach excels in preserving (i.e., avoiding the distortion of) important structures in the image, such as shape boundaries. We also present a simple user interface to further optimize the resizing result based on the genetic selection process among multiple resizing operators such as scaling, cropping, and flow-guided seam carving. We show that such simple user interaction, coupled with the genetic algorithm, dramatically increases the chances of producing the user-desired outcome.     

DRAT: A program for maintaining listings

DRAT is a program that helps maintain listings for a large system. It can print just those pages that have changed since the last time it listed the system. It is interesting for three reasons: its functionality saves significantly on the cost of keeping track of a large set of listings, its user interface required careful design despite its simple functionality, and its design is a practical example of using information hiding. The DRAT virtual printer module hides details of a wide variety of printing engines. The user interface includes a carefully designed inheritance mechanism for options, allowing flexibility for the user while minimizing the effort of specifying options.     

Carving and Replaying Differential Unit Test Cases from System Test Cases

Unit test cases are focused and efficient. System tests are effective at exercising complex usage patterns. Differential unit tests (DUT) are a hybrid of unit and system tests that exploits their strengths. They are generated by carving the system components, while executing a system test case, that influence the behavior of the target unit, and then re-assembling those components so that the unit can be exercised as it was by the system test. In this paper we show that DUTs retain some of the advantages of unit tests, can be automatically generated, and have the potential for revealing faults related to intricate system executions. We present a framework for carving and replaying DUTs that accounts for a wide variety of strategies and tradeoffs, we implement an automated instance of the framework with several techniques to mitigate test cost and enhance flexibility and robustness, and we empirically assess the efficacy of carving and replaying DUTs on three software artifacts.     

Quality evaluation of ink-jet paper with principal components analysis

Non-impact printing techniques have in many fields of application replaced traditional printing methods. Apart from factors such as the type and conditions of ink/paper transfer and ink properties, the quality of the image produced with an office ink-jet printer depends decisively on paper characteristics. In this study, various medium- and photo-quality ink-jet paper sorts were examined for their general, optical, surface and printing properties. Based on these results, the ranking of tested paper properties according to their significance for ink-jet paper quality on one hand and the suitability of individual paper sorts for this printing technique on the other was determined using multivariate tool principal components analysis.