共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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文中通过对农户灌溉用水调查情况的分析，表明大力推广农业节水技术、调整种植结构、在现状水价的基础上征收地下水资源费、提高农民节水意识等一系列措施是解决该地区干旱缺水、发展生产的主要出路。 相似文献
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本文对已有的浅井工程进行抽水试验、灌溉试验,经过理论分析,推导出了单井低压管道输水灌溉系统的最21-优出水量、最佳降深、最佳扬程、经济管径及田间多孔软管配水计算方法,确定了浅井灌溉费用最小、效益最大的浅井低压灌溉优化配套技术。 相似文献
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Gebrehaweria Gebregziabher Karen G. Villholth Munir A. Hanjra Muleta Yirga Regassa E. Namara 《国际水》2013,38(6):852-863
The government of Ethiopia has invested in groundwater development for smallholder irrigation in the Raya Valley and Kobo Valley, north-eastern Ethiopia, where the hydrogeological potential is large but not fully developed. A cost-benefit analysis shows that investment in deep groundwater irrigation development is viable at a 9.5% discount rate in 75% of the wells. Assuming full cost recovery of capital investment, the annual payment rates (annuity) that irrigation users should pay over the wells’ service life (25 years) were estimated. It is recommended that future investment be based on cost sharing rather than full cost recovery to facilitate uptake and address financial realities. 相似文献
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Dacheng Bian Ryan B. Williams Aaron Benson Eduardo Segarra 《Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Education》2016,158(1):34-45
Concerns about the high rate of depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer in the Southern High Plains of Texas (Texas High Plains) in recent years have led to the enactment of policies designed to slow down water extraction and increase the usable life of the aquifer. However, policy implementation has not been uniform across the aquifer, leaving some farmers in portions of the aquifer with no effective groundwater extraction restrictions only a short distance away from areas where farmers face regulatory limits. This study investigates the effects of policy implementation uncertainty on the extraction of groundwater. An econometric model is estimated for harvested acreage of the three major crops produced in the five representative counties of the Texas High Plains. Corn acreage (an irrigation‐intensive crop) is used as a proxy for groundwater use. After controlling for price and climate effects, it was concluded that there is strong evidence that groundwater use policy uncertainty is likely to increase groundwater extraction in the Texas High Plains region. The social desire to achieve perpetual sustainability of groundwater resources in the study region, or at the very least to prolong the life of the Ogallala Aquifer, has resulted in discussions about alternative groundwater management policies. Producers, in their concern about the implementation of policies to slow down groundwater extraction, increase their use of water in the short‐run in order to maximize profits before groundwater use restriction policies are enforced. 相似文献
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人工神经网络理论在井渠结合灌区地下水动态预报中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
周维博 《水资源与水工程学报》2003,14(2):5-9
地下水动态预报是井渠结合灌区地下水资源研究的重要内容。本文根据地下水位与其影响因素之间的关系 ,建立了人工神经网络模型 ,通过实例演算 ,表明该方法对地下水预报有较高的精度 相似文献
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灌溉农业的地下水保障能力评价方法研究——黄淮海平原为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在我国北方粮食主产区,尤其黄淮海平原农业区,地下水是农业灌溉的重要水源,地下水超采状况与灌溉农业对其依赖程度和地下水保障能力密切相关。本文以黄淮海平原为例,通过农业灌溉用水强度与降水量和农作物播种强度之间关系研究,以及灌溉农业用水对地下水依赖程度和对地下水超采影响特征研究,提出灌溉农业的地下水保障能力相应概念和评价方法。应用结果表明:(1)采用灌溉农业用水对地下水依赖程度、地下水对灌溉农业用水保障程度和灌溉农业的地下水保障能力的评价理论方法,能够客观阐明灌溉农业用水对地下水依赖状况、地下水保障能力的区域分布特征及其成因;(2)黄淮海平原西北部灌溉农业的地下水保障能力较弱,尤其河北平原已处于\"难以保障\"或\"无法保障\"状态;而黄河以南地区的地下水保障能力较强。 相似文献
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Groundwater is no longer an open-access resource in Kathmandu. Perceptions of groundwater are changing from an “infinite” to a “finite” resource and the role of the government from supply developer to caretaker of the resource. In this context, this paper aims to unfold how perceptions of groundwater in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, are changing from an open-access resource to an overexploited, depleted, degraded, vulnerable and state-controlled resource. In the process, it produces an aggregated picture of resource availability, development dynamics, impacts and responses in the area; suggests some “soft-path” approaches for groundwater management; and discusses implications of the experience for other areas. 相似文献
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我国水资源人均亩均占有水平均很低,水土资源分布组合极不合理,水资源污染严重,农业灌溉用水量大且浪费严重（灌溉用水占我国总用水量的８０％）。现有的农业节水灌溉措施主要有：制定科学的灌溉制度和灌水定额;开展渠道防渗,提高渠系水利用系数;采用先进的田间灌水技术以及综合措施节水技术。文章还分析了我国节水型灌溉农业存在的问题和面临的任务 相似文献
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吉林省西部常干旱少雨,有“十年九旱”之说,农田灌溉主要开采地下水为主;本言语通过对典型区地下水和水质的动态分析,提出了开采利用十水相关技术要求及建议。 相似文献
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通过分析比较国内外回灌浅层地下水的各种方法,简明阐述其具备的一些优点及不足,借鉴其中的一些成功经验,论述北方地区利用农村废弃井群回灌浅层地下水所具备的基本地质地理条件,并进一步分析论证在回灌过程中对水质控制的要求,为各项工程有效回灌地下水提供参考。 相似文献
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通过分析比较国内外回灌浅层地下水的各种方法,简明阐述其具备的一些优点及不足,借鉴其中的一些成功经验,论述北方地区利用农村废弃井群回灌浅层地下水所具备的基本地质地理条件,并进一步分析论证在回灌过程中对水质控制的要求,为各项工程有效回灌地下水提供参考. 相似文献
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大同市污水大都未经处理或处理不达标,直接排入河道用于灌溉农田,对农业生态环境造成严重的影响。文中着重分析了污灌对土壤、作物、地下水的危害,提出了加强对污灌的管理,达到对农业生态环境的有效保护,实现农业的可持续发展。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTIn India, of late, micro-irrigation has received considerable policy focus. However, as of 2017, only about 10% of the potential area is under micro-irrigation. The present study analyzes the pattern and equity issues of distribution of micro-irrigation in India and identifies the potential correlates. The regression analysis reveals that the stage of groundwater development and agro-climatic differences significantly influence the spread of micro-irrigation. The relatively low spread of micro-irrigation in states with over-exploited groundwater needs attention. Overall, the study points to the need to revamp the current micro-irrigation development programmes, which focus excessively on subsidy. 相似文献
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李全 《水科学与工程技术》2004,(4):4-6
不顾自然规律的决策产生的问题屡见不鲜,依据水资源“家底”就张家口市政府决策“一人一亩保浇地”实施的可行性,结合以水资源的可持续利用来适应全面建设小康社会的有关问题展开讨论。 相似文献