PP非织造布的生物大分子接枝改性

采用环氧型交联剂乙二醇二缩水甘油醚(EGDE)及生物大分子(壳聚糖或胶原蛋白)对氨气低温等离子体处理后的聚丙烯(PP)非织造布进行表面接枝改性,探讨了接枝反应条件及改性PP非织造布的染色性、亲水性及抗菌性能。结果表明:氨气低温等离子体处理后的PP非织造布表面产生了可参与接枝反应的活性基团;EGDE具有较好的交联效果,壳聚糖的接枝效果高于胶原蛋白,较佳的接枝反应条件为交联剂0.15 g,壳聚糖质量浓度12 g/L,反应温度45℃,反应时间8 h;壳聚糖接枝改性后PP非织造布的染色性、亲水性及抗菌性能均得到改善,其酸性染料上染率约49%,芯吸高度0.8 cm,对金黄色葡萄球菌及大肠杆菌的抗菌率分别达96.9%和93.4%。     

生物大分子接枝改性丙纶非织造布研究

采用低温氧气等离子体处理聚丙烯(PP)非织造布,利用交联剂将处理后的PP非织造布与生物大分子壳聚糖或胶原蛋白进行接枝反应,探讨了接枝反应条件及改性PP非织造布的性能。结果表明:在环氧交联剂的架桥作用下,等离子体处理后的PP非织造布可接枝壳聚糖或胶原蛋白,适宜的接枝反应条件为0.1 g交联剂,45℃下12 g/L壳聚糖溶液中反应8 h,或35℃下15 g/L胶原蛋白溶液中反应6 h;经氧气等离子体处理后,PP非织造布表面引入了大量的羟基和羧基,并参与接枝反应,壳聚糖的接枝效果优于胶原蛋白;接枝改性后PP非织造布的亲水性、染色性、抗菌性及伤口愈合能力均得到提高。     

PP膜表面等离子体活化接枝改性

采用Ar-O2等离子体技术,以聚丙烯(PP)为基膜,用二乙烯三胺(DETA)作为改性剂,对PP膜进行表面活化接枝改性.利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、水接触角测量仪、扫描电子显微镜表征改性前后PP膜表面的官能团变化、亲水性、形貌以及时效性.结果表明,与未改性PP膜FTIR图谱相比,改性PP膜表面存在—NH2官能团,...     

聚丙烯非织造布表面的紫外光固化改性

为了改善聚丙烯(PP)非织造布的亲水性能，提高水通量，通过照射紫外光(UV)引发自由基聚合法，使丙烯酸树脂与HEMA在PP非织造布表面发生交联聚合反应，进行紫外光固化亲水改性。研究了亲水单体和光引发剂的浓度以及紫外光照射时间对聚丙烯非织造布亲水性能的影响。利用红外光谱和扫描电镜对改性PP非织造布表面的化学组成和形貌结构进行表征，通过接触角和水通量分析了改性后PP非织造布的亲水性和耐久性。结果表明，当丙烯酸树脂与HEMA的质量比为2∶1、固含量占亲水改性溶液总量的20%、光引发剂184的含量为2%、光照时间为15 s时，达到改性后PP非织造布的最优亲水性能，接触角由初始的126°下降至42°,水通量由5 543 L/(m²·h)提升至6 035 L/(m²·h),并且，具有良好的耐久性。     

PP织物的亲金属离子功能化改性

利用低温等离子体技术改善聚丙烯(PP)织物的亲金属离子性。采用氧气等离子体预处理PP织物使其表面引入活性官能团,预处理后的PP织物在三羟甲基丙烷三[3-(2-甲基氮丙啶基)丙酸酯](TTMAP)的交联作用下与螯合剂三乙烯四胺(TETA)或聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)进行接枝反应,以提高PP织物的亲金属离子性。结果表明:在交联剂TTMAP的作用下,等离子体处理后的PP织物可接枝螯合剂TETA或PEI;适宜的接枝反应条件为交联剂质量分数15%,等离子处理后的PP织物在70℃下0.04 mol/L螯合剂PEI溶液中反应2 h,接枝率达1.43%;接枝改性PP织物的亲金属离子性明显提高,PP织物的吸湿性和染色性能也得到改善。     

不同膨润剂对聚丙烯塑料膨润效果的研究

采用不同膨润体系对聚丙烯塑料(PP)进行膨润处理,在一定的条件下对膨润后的PP基体进行微蚀处理。通过研究膨润剂种类、膨润剂含量和膨润时间对PP基体微蚀效果的影响,确定合理的膨润条件。研究结果表明：膨润温度为70℃,纯四氯化碳(CCl₄)膨润处理80 min,膨润和微蚀处理后,PP基体表面形成分布均匀致密的微小孔洞,PP基体表面接触角由91.3°降低为57.9°,亲水性明显改善,微蚀效果较好。因此,CCl₄是一种性能优良有效的PP基体表面膨润体系。     

增容作用对PET在PP中原位成纤及增强效果的影响

以接枝极性官能团的聚丙烯为增容剂,在保持一定拉伸比的条件下,与聚丙烯(PP)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)共混挤出。通过改变增容剂的用量,控制PET在PP中的形态结构。当增容剂含量为3%时,PET以纤维状分散在基体PP中,达到了较好的增强效果。     

反应性挤出聚丙烯接枝偶联马来酸酯的研究

在过氧化物的存在下,聚丙烯(PP)易于降解,因而进行反应性挤出接枝是很困难的。选用偶联马来酸酯(CMAE)为单体,通过反应性挤出加工使PP分子链接枝上极性官能团,从而防止了PP的降解。其产物接枝率较高,外观光滑、无气泡,具有广泛的应用价值。     

等离子体紫外接枝对聚四氟乙烯表面改性的研究

聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜经Ar低温等离子体预处理,无光引发剂紫外光照接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)。通过接触角测量,考察了等离子体不同处理时间、接枝GMA的体积分数、接枝时间对PTFE膜亲水性的影响。以X光电子能谱(XPS)为手段,探讨并比较了PTFE膜表面改性前后的表面组成。结果表明,PTFE膜用Ar等离子体预处理,再进行紫外光照接枝GMA,其表面对水的接触角由110°可以降低到65°左右,亲水性得到大幅度改善。     

基于砂浆流动性的改性胶粉微观界面机理的研究

以NaOH溶液和表面活性剂分别对胶粉进行改性,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)与液-固界面视频接触角分析仪对改性胶粉表面进行表征分析,在二次改性体系下研究两种胶粉改性途径对水泥胶砂工作性能的影响.研究表明:表面改性可以不同程度减小胶粉与水的接触角,增强胶粉的亲水性,提高水泥基胶凝材料的流动性能,有利于其工作性能的改善;同时,NaOH溶液可以祛除胶粉表面的杂质使其更加圆滑,但过多的NaOH不利于其亲水性能的改善,表面活性剂可使胶粉表面引入含氧官能团,提升亲水性,但二次改性效果并不能加成;两种改性途径中,减少胶粉表面杂质对亲水性能的提升大于表面改性剂含氧官能团的引入作用.实验研究为胶粉改性方法的探索提供了理论基础,对胶粉改性混凝土的工业化生产提供了依据.     

Effect of fiber surface morphology on the hydrophilicity modification of cold plasma‐treated polypropylene nonwoven fabrics

Cold oxygen plasma was employed to give hydrophilicity modification to polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric (NWF). It was found that, after plasma treatment, PP NWF made from fibers with smooth surfaces can only keep its hydrophilicity for a short time and then shows a quick hydrophobic recovery at room temperature. However, this hydrophilic property can last for a long time in the case of the PP NWF made from fibers with rough surfaces. To prove the contribution of the rough surface to the long‐term hydrophilicity, this PP NWF was treated in an organic solvent to smooth the fiber surface. The hydrophilic feature of this PP NWF no longer lasts for a long time after the same plasma treatment. This observation strongly supports our opinion that the fiber surface morphology of PP NWF is a critical factor for long‐term hydrophilicity improvement after plasma treatment, which gives a positive solution to overcoming the aging effect of hydrophilicity modification often found in this technique. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Investigation on decontamination mechanism of moisture-wicking fabrics during home laundry

Moisture-wicking clothes are widely consumed in various leisure or sports activities due to their function of moisture absorption and perspiration, which can provide consumers with a good comfortable experience. In this investigation, the stain removal performance of moisture-wicking fabric was investigated, especially the influence of surfactants and hydrophilic finishing agents on its decontamination ability. The results show that moisture-wicking fabric has better decontamination performance than ordinary polyester fabric. The binding force between stains and fibers is calculated by density functional theory (DFT). Compared with ordinary polyester fabric, the binding energy between moisture-wicking fabric and sebum is lower, resulting in stain is more easily to be removed during washing. Different surfactants have a great influence on the decontamination of fabrics, among which the nonionic surfactants with longer carbon chains have the best decontamination performance. Moreover, after finishing with hydrophilic silicone agent, the hydrophilicity of the fabric is significantly improved, and its decontamination performance is also improved. However, this hydrophilic silicone agent will be gradually removed in the subsequent washing process, especially after the first washing, the removal rate reached 75.70%. Therefore, hydrophilic silicone agent can be supplemented in detergent formulation to improve the stain removal performance of moisture-wicking cloths during home laundry.     

一种亲水性氨基硅油的合成与性能研究

用线性硅油(WS-62M)、N-(β-氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二甲基硅烷(DB-602)和活性聚醚(ZC-16)为原料,通过酯交换、开环和聚醚改性反应制得了具有自乳化功能的亲水性氨基硅油。考察了亲水性氨基硅油的应用性能,通过与市售的柔软剂相比表明,该产品具有优良的整理性能。     

聚乳酸表面羧基化改性及细胞相容性研究

采用紫外活化二氧化氯自由基(ClO2·)氧化甲基的方法,在聚乳酸(PLA)表面接枝了羧基等含氧官能团,以增加PLA表面的亲水性和生物相容性.通过X射线光电子能谱分析和接触角分析,探究了改性后PLA表面元素组成的变化、最佳的氧化条件及氧化反应对PLA表面亲水性的影响.通过拉伸实验分析了氧化过程对PLA力学性能的影响.通过...     

聚苯胺/涤纶导电织物的制备

将导电聚合物聚苯胺采用现场吸附聚合法吸附到涤纶织物表面上制备复合导电织物,通过单因素分析得出第一次聚合并掺杂的较优工艺条件为:苯胺浓度0.25mol/L,氧化剂过硫酸铵质量浓度0.02g/mL,掺杂剂盐酸浓度2.5mol/L,反应时间2h,反应温度20℃。若将经第一次聚合掺杂处理的织物在相同工艺参数条件下再经过第二次掺杂,则能显著提高导电织物的电学性能。从光学显微镜里可以看到聚苯胺沉积在纤维表面上,形成致密且均匀分布的连续导电膜。     

Mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene/modified basalt fabric composites

Basalt fabric (BF) was first treated with silane coupling agent KH550, modified basalt fabric (MBF) was obtained. Then MBF were molded with polypropylene (PP) matrix, and polypropylene/modified basalt fabrics (PP/MBF) composites were obtained. The influence of concentration and treating time of KH550 on MBF were characterized by hydrophilicity and lipophilicity. The tensile strength and morphology of basalt fabric were tested by single filament strength tester and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of composites were measured with electronic universal testing machine and impact testing machine, and the thermal properties were tested by thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis. The results showed that the lipophilicity of MBF is improved significantly by KH550 while the tensile is nearly damaged. The mechanical properties of composites are larger than that of pure PP, among which the impact property was improved the most, showing 194.12% enhancement. The thermal stability and dynamic viscoelasticity were better than pure PP; furthermore, the concentration of KH550 virtually had no effect on the thermal stability. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42504.     

发泡剂BIH40对PP和LDPE化学发泡性能影响的研究

本文以BIH40作为发泡剂,使用注塑方法化学发泡成型制备了PP、LDPE发泡材料,探讨了发泡剂含量对PP和LDPE发泡制品的密度、拉伸强度、缺口冲击强度等力学性能的影响,并用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观测了断面的泡孔形貌。实验结果表明,随着发泡剂含量的增加,发泡试样的拉伸强度、冲击强度、断裂伸长率和密度等与未发泡试样相比总体呈现下降趋势,LDPE的断裂伸长率在发泡剂含量为1.0%（重量百分比wt.）时较其他发泡组分有所增加,PP的冲击强度在发泡剂含量为0.5%（重量百分比wt.）时与其他发泡组分相比有所提高。综合实验测试结果显示,发泡剂含量在1.0%（重量百分比wt.）时所得到的发泡制品力学性能较好。     

Production scale plasma modification of polypropylene baselayer for improved water management properties

Through its hydrophobic properties, polypropylene (PP) offers unique potential as a functional fiber for a wide range of applications, for example, in nonwovens for hygiene applications or as a baselayer in sports textiles. Current work is focused on the modification of PP presently used in baselayers for sports textiles to increase the hydrophilicity by use of a production scale plant for low pressure plasma treatment. Attention was directed toward an increase in hydrophilicity and time stability of the achieved modification during storage. Changes in the fabric were characterized by sorption of the cationic dye (methylene blue), water retention value, water transport properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and color measurement. The obtained results indicate an improved wettability and wicking. The extent of modification decreased with storage time and parallel yellowing of treated samples was observed. This indicates chemical rearrangement of the products initially formed on the fiber surface. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41294.     

成核剂YS-688改性抗菌PP薄膜的研究

以聚丙烯（PP）为基体树脂,改性载银磷酸锆为抗菌剂,YS-688（二苄叉山梨醇衍生物）为成核剂,制备抗菌剂母粒、成核剂母粒和抗菌PP薄膜,研究了成核剂改性抗菌PP薄膜性能。结果表明：经YS-688改性的抗菌PP薄膜,球晶尺寸减小,结晶密度增大,结晶温度提高;含0．9％改性载银磷酸锆和0.3％YS-688的PP薄膜,其拉伸强度（纵向／横向）51．16／31．88MPa,透光率88．8％,雾度2．9％,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌抗菌率为99．26％和99．57％,物理力学性能和抗菌性能优良。     

聚丙烯共混改性对其聚结除油性能的影响

采用不同性质的添加剂(CPB、CTAB、PVDF、硅蜡和长链烷基硅油)对聚丙烯进行共混改性,研究了不同改性剂对聚丙烯材料表面亲油亲水性的影响,以及改性材料在油水分离过程中的聚结除油性能。结果表明,除PVDF外,同样添加量下的不同改性剂,或同一添加剂的不同添加量,改性聚丙烯的亲水角和亲油角之差越小,越有利于聚丙烯聚结除油性能的提高;由于PVDF的疏水疏油性,有利于改性材料表面油膜的流动、脱落,以及水中油滴的聚结,其对除油效率的提高要明显高于其它的改性剂。