HF酸电解液浓度对TiO2纳米阵列结构的影响

TiO2纳米阵列(纳米管、纳米棒)结构具有良好的力学性能、化学稳定性以及抗腐蚀性能,在许多技术领域具有广阔的应用前景。采用阳极氧化法在工业纯钛片表面制备出高度有序的TiO2纳米管阵列和纳米棒阵列,研究了电解液浓度和阳极氧化时间对TiO2纳米阵列结构的影响,并对其形成机理进行了初步探讨。结果表明,低浓度的HF酸电解液有利于制备纳米管阵列,高浓度的HF酸电解液有利于制备纳米棒阵列。     

Directional laser generation and detection of ultrasound with arrays of optical fibers

Some aspects of the generation and detection of ultrasound with laser beams are presented. The objective of the study is (1) to present some experimental results on the generation of ultrasound with an array of optical fibers, (2) to discuss the possibility of generating directional surface waves with acousto-optic scanning in a very narrow frequency band, thus increasing the signal-to-noise ratio, and (3) to discuss the feasibility of the directional detection of ultrasound by using an array of optical fibers as a receiver, also with the goal of increasing the signal-to-noise ratio.     

A simple scheme for self-focusing of an array

A self-focusing technique and its application to a linear array system are presented in this paper. By application of the technique the system is capable of both sonification and reception focusing. The array is first excited as an unfocused array. Next a cross-correlation technique is used to determine time delays of reception of the largest amplitude backscattered signals at the elements of the array. The original transducer signal is then reemitted with the appropriate time delays to achieve sonification focusing on the scatterer producing the largest signal. This process is repeated in an iterative mode to focus energy on the strongest scatterer. Once insonification focusing has been achieved the last time-delay calculations are used once more for reception focusing, i.e., to correct the signals received by the individual elements for differences in arrival times. A low cost linear array has been constructed to implement the self-focusing technique. Examples demonstrate the capability of the technique to focus on the largest hole of sets of three holes in an aluminum specimen.     

氧化锌纳米棒有序阵列的制备及表征

氧化锌是一种重要的化合物半导体,其低维结构在微电子器件领域具有潜在的应用前景.在温和的条件下利用软化学方法在沉积了单层ZnO颗粒膜的玻璃衬底上制备了直径为70～300nm,长约1μm的氧化锌纳米棒有序阵列,讨论了颗粒膜对阵列生长的作用以及水浴温度对晶体结构和形貌的影响.结果表明,产物为纤锌矿结构;ZnO颗粒膜为阵列的生长提供了分布均匀且固定的形核中心,对阵列的有序生长起诱导作用;随着反应温度的升高,阵列直径变小且排列更加有序,但过高的温度会抑制ZnO晶体内部的c轴择优取向作用.研究了ZnO阵列的光致发光特性,初步讨论了其发光机理.     

碳纳米管阵列制备及结构与光学特性研究

以乙烯为碳源,铁为催化剂,通过调节碳源气体的供给时间来控制碳纳米管阵列的生长过程,最终在负载有催化剂膜层的硅基底上生长出不同高度的碳纳米管阵列,经sEM、TEM、激光拉曼和紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计对其结构和特性进行分析,结果表明,碳纳米管阵列在300nm-2000nm范围可以达到小于0．238％的超低反射率,不同结构和高度的碳纳米管阵列表现出不同的紫外-可见-近红外反射特性。     

二维光纤列阵接口器件及其在光互连网络模块中的应用

提出了一种适用于光电子集成ＣＭＯＳ－ＳＥＥＤ灵巧像素光互连网络的二维光纤束列阵结构和制作方法, 采用精密加工的光纤列阵定位槽和光学监控系统, 成功地研制出３２×２ 的单模和多模光纤列阵Ｉ／Ｏ接口器件, 光纤列阵层内及层间位移误差均小于２μｍ , 角向差小于０．０２°。实验中, 已将二维光纤列阵Ｉ／Ｏ接口器件用于１６×１６ ＣＭＯＳ－ＳＥＥＤ灵巧像素光电子集成Ｃｒｏｓｓｂａｒ光互连模块中, 实验结果表明, 该光纤束列阵Ｉ／Ｏ接口器件完全满足光互连系统的高精度要求。     

Designing Heterogeneous 1D Nanostructure Arrays Based on AAO Templates for Energy Applications

In order to fulfill the multiple requirements for energy production, storage, and utilization in the future, the conventional planar configuration of current energy conversion/storage devices has to be reformed, since technological evolution has promoted the efficiency of the corresponding devices to be close to the theoretical values. One promising strategy is to construct multifunctional 1D nanostructure arrays to replace their planar counterparts for device fabrication, ascribing to the significant superiorities of such 1D nanostructure arrays. In the last three decades, technologies based on anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) templates have turned out to be valuable meaning for the realization of 1D nanostructures and have attracted tremendous interest. In this review, recent progress in energy‐related devices equipped with heterogeneous 1D nanostructure arrays that fabricated through the assistance of AAO templates is highlighted. Particular emphasis is given on how to develop efficient devices via optimizing the componential and morphological parameters of the 1D nanostructure arrays. Finally, aspects relevant to the further improvement of device performance are discussed.     

Investigation of ZnO nanorods synthesized by a solvothermal method, using Al-doped ZnO seed films

ZnO nanorods were successfully grown on common glass substrates using a simple solvothermal method via the precursors of zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH₃COO)₂·2H₂O) and Hexamethylenetetramine (C₆H₁₂N₄) with equal molar concentration at 0.01 mol/l, 0.025 mol/l, 0.05 mol/l, and 0.075 mol/l. The ZnO nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy, UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometer and photoluminescence (PL) spectrometer. XRD results indicated that all the ZnO nanorods were preferentially grown along [0 0 0 1] direction (c-axis). With an increase of Zn(CH₃COO)₂·2H₂O and C₆H₁₂N₄ concentration, the diffraction intensity of ZnO nanorod along c-axis also increased. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the well-faceted hexagonal ZnO nanorods were grown vertically from the common glass substrates. In addition, with the increase of Zn(CH₃COO)₂·2H₂O and C₆H₁₂N₄ concentration, the exciton band of ZnO nanorods determined by UV-Vis absorption spectra gradually became narrow and the intensity of exciton band also remarkably augmented. Photoluminescence spectra showed that with the increase of Zn(CH₃COO)₂·2H₂O and C₆H₁₂N₄ concentration, the position of emission peak of ZnO nanorod blue-shifts towards shorter wavelength in UV region and the luminescence intensity remarkably enhances in visible emission range (470-630 nm).     

碳纳米管阵列研究进展

在介绍CNT阵列性能的基础上,对国内外直接合成CNT阵列的方法进行了评述,重点阐述了各种方法的基本特点及CNT阵列的生长机理、结构控制和批量制备问题。进而探讨了CNT原生阵列、抽丝形成的CNT丝、以及CNT阵列分散后得到的CNTs在复合材料、力学增强、功能器件等方面的初步应用,展望了CNT阵列的发展趋势,指出低成本、大批量可控制备CNT阵列仍然是未来一段时间内国际研究热点。