A Data Flow Oriented Program Testing Strategy

Some properties of a program data flow can be used to guide program testing. The presented approach aims to exercise use-definition chains that appear in the program. Two such data oriented testing strategies are proposed; the first involves checking liveness of every definition of a variable at the point(s) of its possible use; the second deals with liveness of vectors of variables treated as arguments to an instruction or program block. Reliability of these strategies is discussed with respect to a program containing an error.     

一种基于规范和程序域分析的软件测试方法

虽然软件规范规定了输入变量的定义域(功能域)，但程序实现本身也定义了其定义域(运行域)．如果二者不能完全重合，那么某些软件故障就可检测出来．为此，提出了一种基于规范和程序域分析的软件测试方法，介绍了一个运行域自动确定系统ADSOD，并讨论了边界测试数据的选取原则．对特殊表达式，采用程序切片技术，构造基于表达式的可执行模块，通过执行该模块，识别其输入变量的奇异值，进而确定其输入变量的取值范围．通过分析功能域和运行域的边界测试数据集，检测二者的重合性，并根据其分析结果产生测试用例．实验表明：所提方法产生的测试用例，可以有效地提高测试效率．     

硅雪崩光电二极管的计算机自动测试

本文根据硅雪崩光电二极管(Si-APD)的测试原理,设计了一套计算机测试系统,包括光源部分、直流偏置扫描电源、二进制权电阻器、XF-01选频放大器、A/D,D/A接口转换器和JS-10小型计算机.文中对设计的合理性、使用的可靠性及测试误差进行了分析和讨论.实践证明,该测试系统能满足计算机自动测试Si-APD直流或低频参数的要求.     

A Close Look at Domain Testing

White and Cohen have proposed the domain testing method, which attempts to uncover errors in a path domain by selecting test data on and near the boundary of the path domain. The goal of domain testing is to demonstrate that the boundary is correct within an acceptable error bound. Domain testing is intuitively appealing in that it provides a method for satisfying the often suggested guideline that boundary conditions should be tested.     

内联网安全策略的一种实施方案

本文详细阐述了国内各单位内部网络的现状和存在的安全性问题,并结合"网络守护神"的设计思想,提出了一个切合实际的解决内部网络安全的策略.     

一种用于软件测试的程序结构划分方法

软件测试中的结构性测试是以程序的结构为基础生成测试用例，以测试准则为判定测试的充分性，由于程序结构的复杂性，难于保证对程序进行充分而高效的测试，本文提出了一种基于程序依赖图的程序结构划分的测试方法，即程序块划分法。该方法难过对程序进行结构划分，将复杂的程序分解为若干程序块，并通过程序块间的数据依赖关系导出各程序块的语义，从而使测试可以在程序块的级别的基础上独立进行。     

Program Testing

Nearly everyone in the computer business is concerned about quality. It's probably fair to say there'll be a pot of gold or its currency equivalent awaiting the first person to figure out how to package up some "software quality" and provide it in large quantities at substantial OEM discounts!     

面向Java的分布式程序测试系统

由于程序的分布运行,测试分布式程序必须同时考虑并发特性和运行环境.介绍了一个面向Java语言的分布式程序测试系统JDPT(Java-oriented distributed program testing system).JDPT基于运行环境定义事件,通过事件序列记录分布式程序的运行过程,并定义事件约束检测可行事件序列集的有效性.通过该技术,JDPT可以有效地判断程序在运行环境中并发执行的正确性,适用于跨平台的Java程序测试.     

小型加氢试验装置计算机控制系统

介绍了小型加氢试验装置计算机控制系统的硬件配置，软件设计和系统的控制方案及控制算法，采用IMP数据采集器完成现场信号的实时采集工作，有效地保证了信号检测的精度和可靠性，应用采样控制算法和偏差累加法分别对反应器内温度和进油量闭环控制，取得了满意的控制效果。     

A Computer Program for Estimating Individualized Probabilities of Breast Cancer

A computer program is presented for estimating the absolute risk of developing breast cancer over a specified age interval for women with combinations of five risk factors, namely age at menarche, age at first live birth, family history of breast cancer, number of previous breast biopsies, and presence of atypical hyperplasia in biopsy specimens. Statistical methods have been developed and applied to data from the Breast Cancer Detection and Demonstration Project to obtain (i) point estimates of absolute risk by combining relative risk estimates from case-control data and estimated composite incidence rates from cohort data, and (ii) confidence intervals by using implicit delta-method arguments. The program is interactive and easy to use and is therefore well suited to assist in medical counseling. For instance, women with high estimated risk might be advised to undergo a program of frequent surveillance with mammography. An executable version for IBM-compatible PCs is available from the author upon submission of a PC diskette formatted with MS-DOS.     

Testing for Perturbations of Program Statements

Many testing methods require the selection of a set of paths on which tests are to be conducted. Errors in arithmetic expressions within program statements can be represented as perturbing functions added to the correct expression. It is then possible to derive the set of errors in a chosen functional class which cannot possibly be detected using a given test path. For example, test paths which pass through an assignment statement "X := f(Y)" are incapable of revealing if the expression "X -f( Y)" has been added to later statements. In general, there are an infinite number of such undetectable error perturbations for any test path. However, when the chosen functional class of error expressions is a vector space, a finite characterization of all undetectable expressions can be found for one test path, or for combined testing along several paths. An analysis of the undetected perturbations for sequential programs operating on integers and real numbers is presented which permits the detection of multinomial error terms. The reduction of the space of (potential undetected errors is proposed as a criterion for test path selection.     

A Recursion Theoretic Approach to Program Testing

Inductive inference, the automatic synthesis of programs, bears certain ostensible relationships with program testing. For inductive inference, one must take a finite sample of the desired input/output behavior of some program and produce (synthesize) an equivalent program. In the testing paradigm, one seeks a finite sample for a function such that any program (in a given set) which computes something other than the object function differs from the object function on the finite sample. In both cases, the finite sample embodies sufficient knowledge to isolate the desired program from all other possibilities. These relationships are investigated and general recursion theoretic properties of testable sets of functions are exposed.     

一种基于校园网考试系统的设计及实现

本文给出了一个基于Linux平台和Oracle数据库的校园网上计算机考试系统的设计思想及实现。该系统以B／S结构为主，以C／S结构为辅，是一种分布式、易维护、通用性较强的计算机网上考试系统。     

网络测试命令Ping的应用技巧

主要介绍一种实用网络检测技术及其应用的特殊要点，得出Ping命令应用于网络架构及其实用价值。本文研究的网络检测Ping命令的应用，对各类局域网（LAN），对不同类型的广域网（WIAN）同样具有实际应用意义。     

Functional Program Testing

An approach to functional testing is described in which the design of a program is viewed as an integrated collection of functions. The selection of test data depends on the functions used in the design and on the value spaces over which the functions are defined. The basic ideas in the method were developed during the study of a collection of scientific programs containing errors. The method was the most reliable testing technique for discovering the errors. It was found to be significantly more reliable than structural testing. The two techniques are compared and their relative advantages and limitations are discussed.     

企业级计算机防病毒策略

网络已经成为各类企业在工作中必备的工具，计算机病毒在网络上的快速蔓延是所有企业必须认真面对的问题。该文用一个跨地区企业网络的实例，阐述了实施企业计算机防病毒策略的几个重要方面。     

Interactive Graphics for Computer Adaptive Testing

Interactive graphics are commonly used in games and have been shown to be successful in attracting the general audience. Instead of computer games, animations, cartoons, and videos being used only for entertainment, there is now an interest in using interactive graphics for ‘innovative testing’. Rather than traditional pen‐and‐paper tests, audio, video and graphics are being conceived as alternative means for more effective testing in the future. In this paper, we review some examples of graphics item types for testing. As well, we outline how games can be used to interactively test concepts; discuss designing chemistry item types with interactive 3D graphics; suggest approaches for automatically adjusting difficulty level in interactive graphics based questions; and propose strategies for giving partial marks for incorrect answers. We study how to test different cognitive skills, such as music, using multimedia interfaces; and also evaluate the effectiveness of our model. Methods for estimating difficulty level of a mathematical item type using Item Response Theory (IRT) and a molecule construction item type using Graph Edit Distance are discussed. Evaluation of the graphics item types through extensive testing on some students is described. We also outline the application of using interactive graphics over cell phones. All of the graphics item types used in this paper are developed by members of our research group.     

一种基于变分方法的多分辨率域融合策略

针对常规多分辨率域融合策略的处理过于直接可能会降低融合图像质量的现象,提出了一种多分辨率域变分融合策略.该策略根据源图像分解系数的梯度信息构造目标系数梯度场,寻找梯度最接近目标梯度场的系数作为融合图像的分解系数.为了保持与源图像的相似性,对高、低频系数分别加入了约束条件.针对高频系数对噪声敏感的特点,还引入了全变分项来保证解的平滑性.在多聚焦图像、红外图像与可见光图像上的融合实验结果表明:与常规融合策略相比,提出的融合策略能够注入更多的空间细节信息,同时能更有效地保留源图像的结构信息.     

Java多线程动态测试中的插装

软件测试是保证软件质量的重要手段,软件测试工具可以使测试过程变得自动化,覆盖分析为测试提供了可信度测量。该文研究了Java多线程动态测试中的覆盖率分析和线程分析一些度量标准,实现覆盖分析自动化和线程分析自动化的关键技术是程序插装。文章给出了实现此测试所需要的插装。