依靠科技创新发展食品工业

中国食品工业是国民经济的重要产业之一.在中国改革开放的历史进程中,中国食品工业获得了有目共睹的光辉业绩.2002年中国食品工业突破1万亿元的总产值,占国民经济总值的10%左右,连续8年位居工业部门之首.     

中国食品工业与科技蓝皮书（精华版）：依靠科技创新 发展食品工业

中国食品工业是国民经济的重要产业之一。在中国改革开放的历史进程中，中国食品工业获得了有目共睹的光辉业绩。2002年中国食品工业突破1万亿元的总产值，占国民经济总值的10％左右，连续8年位居工业部门之首。2003年上半年中国食品工业又再次告捷：1～6月完成工业总产值5959．21亿元，同比增长17．6l％；销售收入为5615．87亿元，     

保健食品产业中存在的问题及对策分析

随着我国社会矛盾的转变以及人口老龄化问题逐步加剧,保健食品市场得到了快速的发展,在保健食品急速发展的同时也出现了一些问题.该文简要介绍了我国保健食品的发展现状及自双轨制改革后各方面的政策变动,并系统分析了现阶段我国保健食品在产品、市场、监管审批等方面存在的问题.研究发现,现阶段我国保健食品功效的研究还主要集中在增强免疫...     

宏观经济政策对食品产业建设的影响--记糖业发展五十年

糖料作物是我国仅次于棉花、油料的大宗农业经济作物,新中国成立以来,中国制糖业所经历的兴衰、发展、变化过程对农产品加工业来说就极具代表性。同时,制糖工业五十多年的发展史也正是我国民族工业由弱到强发展壮大的一个缩影。这个行业的变迁同时也反映了国家各个时期宏观的政治、经济政策对各行各业所产生的巨大影响。     

Livestock and food security in the Arab region: policy framework

Livestock keeping constitutes a traditional and important economic activity in the Arab region. This paper aims to assess the role of the Arab livestock sector in food and nutritional security in terms of demand, supply, national policies and trade in the light of major environmental constraints, with data illustrations from Morocco (Mediterranean country) and Saudi Arabia (oil-rich country). Demand for livestock products is increasing in the Arab region driven by the growing population with different degrees of increased urbanization and wealth. On the supply side, local livestock production is largely based on rainfed mixed and pastoral livestock systems making it vulnerable to the effects of climate change and water scarcity. Intensive systems, where present, are mostly dependent on feed imports with an important water footprint. Livestock production is further conditioned by a history of arbitrary national policies that had a particularly negative effect on small producers and contributed to the degradation of national resources. Arab countries rely on trade from the world market to fill their gap in animal feed and livestock products with varying trading power based on wealth and the availability of free trade agreements. Following analysis of the sector, the paper concludes with the proposition of a pro-poor policy framework for the development of a sustainable Arab livestock sector.     

The importance of plant health to food security

Rapid food price rises have highlighted serious concerns about food security globally and have had a huge impact on achieving Millennium Development Goal 1. Since 2007, an estimated 100 million more people have fallen into absolute poverty. Most live in developing countries where low incomes (less than $1 per day) make it difficult to access food. Access to sufficient food for dietary needs and food preferences defines food security. However, whilst price rises have brought food security into sharp focus, underlying problems need to be addressed. Over the last three to four decades, there has been chronic under-investment in agriculture at all levels. Development aid to agriculture has declined and often in-country policies do not support the sector. Low crop yields are common in many developing countries and improved productivity is vital to reducing rural poverty and increasing food security. Whilst the causes of low productivity are complex, one major contributory factor is crop losses due to plant health problems. Often accurate information on the extent of these losses is missing but estimates of 30–40% loss annually from “field to fork” are common. Any future solution regarding improved global food security must address these losses and that means improving plant health. Two trans-boundary diseases, wheat stem rust race Ug99 and Coffee Wilt Disease of Coffea are highlighted. CABI has a number of plant health initiatives and one radical approach (Global Plant Clinic) involves partnership with in-country services to deliver plant health advice to farmers at the point of demand. Such innovations are entirely consistent with a proposed new “Green Revolution” which would need to be “knowledge intensive”.     

浅论科学技术在传统食品工业中的重要性

随着我国经济的不断发展以及人民生活水平的不断提高,人们在饮食、卫生等方面有了更高的要求。基于这种情况,如何利用现代先进的科学技术来提高食品加工以及食品制作水平,已经成为了当前非常重要的一个课题。结合现阶段在食品加工过程中存在的问题与现状,对科学技术在我国传统食品工业中的有效应用进行讨论。     

Hempseed in food industry: Nutritional value,health benefits,and industrial applications

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seeds have been consumed in Asian communities since prehistoric times. Recently, Australia, Canada, and the United States have legalized the cultivation and consumption of hempseed at low (<0.3%) tetrahydrocannabinol levels, and there's a growing interest in hempseed due to its nutritional value and pharmaceutical potential. This review aims to summarize the chemical composition, nutritional value, and potential health benefits of hempseed, as researched via in vitro and in vivo trials. The application of hempseed in the food industry is limited due to its poor performance on some functional properties, so the latest processing methods developed to improve these properties were compared. Additionally, manufacturing technologies incorporating hemp seeds into existing food products are also elaborated. This review would promote further in‐depth research on this recently approved food resources and maximize its utilization in new food product development.     

Plant stress physiology: opportunities and challenges for the food industry

We review and analyze the possible advantages and disadvantages of plant-stress-related metabolic and structural changes on applications in the fruit and vegetable processing industry. Knowledge of the cellular and tissue transformations that result from environmental conditions or industrial manipulation is a powerful means for food engineers to gain a better understanding of biological systems in order to avoid potential side effects. Our aim is to provide an overview of the understanding and implementation of physiological and biochemical principles in the industrial processing of fruits and vegetables.     

统健康食疗产业发展现状与展望

从传统健康食疗产业发展的角度,阐述了食疗产业在实行大健康战略中的重要地位和意义;概括了食疗产业的产品研究结果;介绍了食疗产业在全球的发展成效;对全球尤其是中国的食疗市场做出了分析,包括行业数据、市场竞争模式、供需分析等。最后依据上述的产业发展分析结果,提出了预测分析和发展建议。     

食品防腐剂的分类、安全性及应用研究

植物精油是一类天然的抑菌剂,能够有效抑制多种肉源腐败菌和致病菌,在肉类工业中应用前景广泛。纳米乳液作为一种纳米级包埋系统,在改善精油的水溶性、稳定性和抑菌活性方面有明显效果,目前已成为肉类防腐保鲜领域的研究热点。因此,本文介绍了植物精油纳米乳液的构建方法（乳化方式、乳化剂）、基本特性（稳定性和生物利用率）,重点探讨了植物精油纳米乳液对肉源腐败菌和致病菌的抑菌活性、影响因素（精油种类、乳化方式、乳化剂、乳液粒径和微生物种类）,及其通过靶向结合、持续释放、被动运输等提高纯精油抑菌活性的内在机制,以期为植物精油纳米乳液在肉制品防腐保鲜中的研究及开发利用提供理论参考。     

Crop health and its global impacts on the components of food security

The literature on the importance of plant pathogens sometimes emphasizes their possible role in historical food shortages and even in famines. Aside from such major crises, plant pathogens should also be seen as important reducers of crop performances, with impacts on system sustainability, from the ecological, agronomical, social, and economic standpoints – all contributing ultimately to affecting food security. These views need reconciliation in order to produce a clearer picture of the multidimensional effects of plant disease epidemics. Such a picture is needed for disease management today, but would also be useful for future policies. This article attempts to develop a framework that would enable assessment of the impacts of plant diseases, referred collectively to as crop health, on food security via its components. We have combined three different existing definitions of food security in order to develop a framework consisting of the following six components: (1) Availability. Primary production; (2) Availability. Import - Stockpiles; (3) Access. Physical and supply chain; (4) Access. Economic; (5) Stability of food availability; (6) Utility-Safety-Quality-Nutritive value. In this framework, components of food security are combined with three attributes of production situations: the nature of the considered crop (i.e. food- or non-food), the structure of farms (i.e. subsistence or commercial), and the structure of markets (i.e. weakly organized and local, to strongly organized and globalized). The resulting matrix: [Food security components] × [Attributes of production situations] provides a framework where the impacts of chronic, acute, and emerging plant disease epidemics on food security can be examined. We propose that, given the number of components and interactions at play, a systems modelling approach is required to address the functioning of food systems exposed to plant disease risks. This approach would have application in both the management of the current attrition of crop performances by plant diseases, and also of possible disease-induced shocks. Such an approach would also enable quantifying shifts in disease vulnerability of production situations, and therefore, of food systems, as a result of climate change, globalization, and evolving crop health.     

网络经济与皮革工业(Ⅱ)皮革行业中的网络信息

本文在总结我国互联网经济发展的历史与现状的基础上,结合我国皮革行业的特点,对在我国皮革企业中推行“上网运动”的可能性、皮革企业上网的应用以及皮革行业中的商业服务性网站的发展现状和可行商业模式进行了论述,并对互联网在我国皮革工业中的发展前景作了预测。     

公众评价下的食品安全公共政策制定模型研究

我国在加强食品安全公共政策制定的过程中取得了一定的成绩,但是近年食品安全问题的不断出现,说明我国在食品安全政策的制定和实施上还存在着政策不具有可持续性、多头管理、忽视公众评价的作用等问题。因此,本文提出建立基于公众评价的食品安全公共政策制定模型,该模型由一个沟通机制,公众、公共政策制定机构,政府决策机构,公共政策实施部门四个政策制定主体,以及采集评价信息、反馈评价结果、运用评价结果、回应评价结果四个环节共同构成。该模型的实施需要有效地甄别与组织公众评价主体,提高政策制定机构建设的科学性,有效监管政策决策机构,并不断提升公共政策实施部门的执行力等条件来保障。     

乳酸菌的保健功能及其在食品中的应用研究

文章结合乳酸菌的生物学特性及其功能、机理,综述了其在食品保藏、改善风味、加工乳品、腌制菜类、酿造酒类、酱油等食品方面的应用,并提出了展望.     

我国食用菌保健食品的发展现状与政策建议

食用菌味道鲜美、营养丰富,近年来,作为一种健康营养类食品,食用菌越来越受欢迎。食用菌富含丰富的风味物质,挥发性风味物质和非挥发性风味物质是构成其风味体系的主要呈味组成部分。本文综述了近年来食用菌中主要呈鲜甜风味的非挥发性呈味物质,包括游离氨基酸、可溶性糖、呈味核苷酸等,以及挥发性风味物质,包括呈蘑菇风味的含硫化合物及醇、酮类化合物,呈清香风味的醛类、酯类等的研究现状,并对电子鼻、电子舌、气相色谱联用技术等检测方法进行了归纳总结,并综述了食用菌在风味物质方向的应用研究进展,旨在为更好的研究食用菌风味物质提供参考。