Multi-robot-based intelligent security system

This article describes a multiple security module-based intelligent security system that has multiple communication interfaces which can be applied in home automation. The interfaces of the intelligent security system contain wired RS485, wireless RF, and Internet. The detection modules of the system have both active and passive security modules. The passive security modules contain wired security modules and wireless security modules. The control unit of all security modules is a HOLTEK microchip. Each security module has two different interfaces. They use voice modules to alarm users of an event, and to transmit real-time event signals to the supervising computer via the wired RS485 or wireless RF interface. If an event occurs, the supervising computer calculates its belief values using Dempster-Shafter evidence theory according to the passive wired and wireless security modules. If the belief value is over a set threshold, the supervising computer commands the mobile robot to move to the event location, and receives a signal from the mobile robot via the wireless RF interface. The supervising computer recognizes the final decision output using Dempster-Shafter evidence theory, and displays the detection and decision output values on the monitor of the user interface. Finally, we present some experimental results using wired passive security modules, wireless passive security modules, and active security modules for fire detection and gas leakage detection using the experimental platform of the intelligent security system.     

Developing a module-based security system for an intelligent home

The security system in a workplace or home is important to human life. Unlucky events are often caused by the negligence of humans. We have developed a modulebased security system for home automation. The structure of the security system contains many modules. Each module has two types of interface (wireless RF and speech). There are active and passive modules in the security system. The active security module is a smart robot. We have designed many types of smart robot for the security system. The passive security modules include a fire security module, an intruder security module, an environment security module, a gas security module, an AC power security module, and an appliance control module. In the security module, we use multisensor fusion algorithms to decide the exact output. In these modules, we use a two-wire communication method through the wireless RF interface, and a voice alarm for serious events, and transmit the real-time status to the supervised computer. In the smart robot system, we have designed many types of smart robot for the security system. We have designed a general user interface (GUI) for the intelligent security system. The user interface can supervise these modules and the smart robots via the wireless RF device, and supervise the security system via wireless, Internet, and cell phone.     

Path planning of a multiple mobile robot system

We present path-planning techniques for a multiple mobile robot system. The mobile robot has the shape of a cylinder, and its diameter, height, and weight are 8 cm, 15 cm, and 1.5 kg, respectively. The controller of the mobile robot is an MCS-51 chip, and it acquires detection signals from sensors through I/O pins. It receives commands from the supervising computer via a wireless RF interface, and transmits the status of the robots to the supervising computer via a wireless RF interface. The mobile robot system is a module-based system, and contains a controller module (including two DC motors and drivers), an obstacle detection module, a voice module, a wireless RF module, an encoder module, and a compass detection module. We propose an evaluation method to arrange the position of the multiple mobile robot system, and develop a path-planning interface on the supervising computer. In the experimental results, the mobile robots were able to receive commands from the supervising computer, and to move their next positions according to the proposed method.     

Motion planning for mobile robots using a laser range finder

We have designed a mobile robot with a distribution structure for intelligent life space. The mobile robot was constructed using an aluminum frame. The mobile robot has the shape of a cylinder, and its diameter, height, and weight are 40 cm, 80 cm, and 40 kg, respectively. There are six systems in the mobile robot, including structure, an obstacle avoidance and driving system, a software development system, a detection module system, a remote supervision system, and others. In the obstacle avoidance and driving system, we use an NI motion control card to drive two DC servomotors in the mobile robot, and detect obstacles using a laser range finder and a laser positioning system. Finally, we control the mobile robot using an NI motion control card and a MAXON driver according to the programmed trajectory. The mobile robot can avoid obstacles using the laser range finder, and follow the programmed trajectory. We developed the user interface with four functions for the mobile robot. In the security system, we designed module-based security devices to detect dangerous events and transmit the detection results to the mobile robot using a wireless RF interface. The mobile robot can move to the event position using the laser positioning system.     

Multilevel multisensory-based security system for an intelligent home

This article describes a multilevel multisensor-based security system that has multiple interfaces to be applied in an intelligent home. The security system contains four levels. There is a passive detection level, an active detection level, a system supervising level, and a remote supervising level. The control unit of these passive modules is a HOLTEK microchip. Each passive module has two different interfaces (wireless RF and voice). These modules can use a voice to alarm users than an event has occurred, and can transmit the real-time status and image signal to the active detection level and the system’s supervising level via the wireless RF interface. The active detection level can communicate with other levels via the wireless RF interface or the wireless Internet. The remote supervising level, the supervising level, and the active detection level can communicate with other levels via the wireless Internet. The status of these modules can also be displayed on the monitor of the supervising computer. Finally, we present some experimental results using passive and active detection modules in the security system.     

Multisensor fusion-based gas detection module

This article develops a gas detection module for the intelligent home. The module uses eight gas sensors to detect the environment of the home and building. The gas sensors of the module have an NH₃ sensor, an air pollution sensor, an alcohol sensor, an HS sensor, a smoke sensor, a CO sensor, an LPG sensor, and a natural gas sensor, and can classify more than eight types of gas using multisensor fusion algorithms. In the logical filter method, either AND or OR filters can be implemented in the gas detection module. Then we can calculate the system’s reliability using the AND and OR filters, and classify the type of gas in the environment. The controller of the gas detection module is a HOLTEK microchip. The module can communicate with the supervised computer via a wire interface or a wireless RF interface, and can caution the user via a voice module. Finally, we present some experimental results to measure unknown gases using the gas detection module on the security system of an intelligent building and home.     

Computer architecture for intelligent robots

This article proposes a computer architecture suitable for intelligent robots, especially for self-contained intelligent mobile robots. The main principles proposed by the authors are: (1) The robot should be a multiprocessor system with a master, several slave modules and a console. A simple star connection is employed. (2) The master carries user's programs written in a high level language with which a programmer is able to use all basic functions in the robots. It should have a special purpose operating system. (3) Each module is an independent microcomputer system loosely coupled to the master and dedicated to an elementary function such as manipulation, locomotion, sensing, or planning. (4) A serial TTL level or RS232C interface is employed between the master and each module. Two self-contained robots, Yamabico 9 and 10, constructed under these design principles have demonstrated the effectiveness of this proposed architecture.     

Path planning of fire-escaping system for intelligent building

We present the path-planning techniques of the fire-escaping system for intelligent building, and use multiple mobile robots to present the experimental scenario. The fire-escaping system contains a supervised computer, an experimental platform, some fire-detection robots and some navigation robots. The mobile robot has the shape of a cylinder, and its diameter, height and weight are 10?cm, 15?cm and 1.5?kg, respectively. The mobile robot contains a controller module, two DC servomotors (including drivers), three IR sensor modules, a voice module and a wireless RF module. The controller of the mobile robot acquires the detection signals from reflective IR sensors through I/O pins and receives the command from the supervised computer via wireless RF interface. The fire-detection robot carries the flame sensor to detect fire sources moving on the grid-based experiment platform, and calculates the more safety escaping path using piecewise cubic Bezier curve on all probability escaping motion paths. Then the user interface uses A* searching algorithm to program escaping motion path to approach the Bezier curve on the grid-based platform. The navigation robot guides people moving to the safety area or exit door using the programmed escaping motion path. In the experimental results, the supervised computer programs the escaping paths using the proposed algorithms and presents movement scenario using the multiple smart mobile robots on the experimental platform. In the experimental scenario, the user interface transmits the motion command to the mobile robots moving on the grid-based platform, and locates the positions of fire sources by the fire-detection robots. The navigation robot guides people leaving the fire sources using the low-risk escaping motion path and moves to the exit door.     

Multisensor based security robot system for intelligent building

Intelligent building can provide safety, convenience, efficiency and entertainment for life in the 21st century. The most importance role of the intelligent building is the security system. We develop a multi sensor-based intelligent security robot (ISR) that is widely employed in intelligent buildings. The intelligent security robot can detect abnormal and dangerous situations and notify users. The robot has the shape of cylinder and its diameter, height, and weight are 50 cm, 130 cm and 100 kg respectively. The function of the ISR contains six parts. There is the software development system; avoiding obstacle and motion planning system, image system, sensor system, remote supervise system and other systems. We develop a multi sensor-based sensor system in the ISR. We use multiple multisensor fusion algorithms to get an exact decision in the detection subsystem of the sensor system. There is an adaptive fusion method, a rule based method, and a statistical signal method. We demonstrate the remote supervisory system to control the ISR using a direct control mode and a behavior control mode. We think that the man–machine interface in a security robot system must have mobility and convenience. Therefore, we use a touch screen to display the system state, and design a general user interface (GUI) to service the user and visitors. The user can remotely control the appliance using a cell phone through a GSM modem, too. The appliance module can feedback reaction results to the user through a cell phone. Finally, we implement the fire detection system in the intelligent security robot (Chung-Cheng-I). If a fire occurs, the intelligent security robot can find out the fire source using the fire detection system. In intruder detection, we program the same scenario to detect the intruder using the intelligent security robot. The intelligent security robot transmits the message of the detection result to the user using a GSM modem for a fire event or intruder, and transmits the detection result to a client computer through the internet.     

TWI总线模块化设计在智能机器人中的应用

利用AVR单片机的TWI(Two-Wire Serial Interface)总线构建了智能机器人系统的模块化构架。利用TWI总线实现了主控模块与扩展模块之间的双向多字节通信,介绍了软件编程方法,可以将机器人各传感器模块采集到的数据实时发送至主控制器进行处理。有效提高了程序的运行效率,使得智能机器人整体架构灵活、调试方便、扩展性强。     

Speech-based formation control of the multi-robot system

The article presents multiple pattern formation control of the multi-robot system using A* searching algorithm, and avoids the collision points moving on the motion platform. We use speech recognition algorithm to decide the various pattern formations, and program mobile robots to present the movement scenario on the grid-based motion platform. We have been developed some pattern formations to be applied in game applications, such as long snake pattern formation, phalanx pattern formation, crane wing pattern formation, sword pattern formation, cone pattern formation and so on. The mobile robot contains a controller module, three IR sensor modules, a voice module, a wireless RF module, a compass module, and two DC servomotors. The controller of the mobile robot can acquire the detection signals from reflect IR sensor modules and the compass module, and decide the cross points of the aisle. The mobile robot receives the command from the supervised computer, and transmits the status of environment to the supervised computer via wireless RF interface. We develop the user interface of the multi-robot system to program motion paths for various pattern formation exchanges using the minimum displacement. Users can use speech to control the multiple mobile robots to execut pattern formation exchange. In the experimental results, users can speak the pattern formation. The speech recognition system receives the signal to decide the pattern formation. The multiple mobile robots can receive the pattern formation command from the supervised computer, and arrange the assigned pattern formation on the motion platform, and avoid other mobile robots.     

Developing a vision-based auto-recharging system for mobile robots

This article describes a vision-based auto-recharging system that guides a mobile robot moving toward a docking station. The system contains a docking station and a mobile robot. The docking station contains a docking structure, a control device, a charger, a safety detection device, and a wireless RF interface. The mobile robot contains a power detection module (voltage and current), an auto-switch, a wireless RF interface, a controller, and a camera. The controller of the power detection module is a Holtek chip. The docking structure is designed with one active degree of freedom and two passive degrees of freedom. For image processing, the mobile robot uses a webcam to capture a real-time image. The image signal is transmitted to the controller of the mobile robot via a USB interface. We use an Otsu algorithm to calculate the distance and orientation of the docking station from the mobile robot. In the experiment, the proposed algorithm guided the mobile robot to the docking station.     

Man-machine interface for modular robot systems

A modular robot is composed of multiple modules, each comprising a sensor, an actuator, and a control system. Each module accumulates information about its own sensor, actuator, and connections to other modules, as well as communication information between adjoining modules. The user obtains this information via an interface, and can thus recognize the state of the robot and issue commands. However, when the number of modules becomes large, the amount of information sent from the modules becomes too much for the user to deal with effectively. Naturally, it also becomes more difficult for the user to issue commands to the modular robot as the number of modules increases. In this study, we developed an interface to present, in a simple manner, information aggregated in a certain module from other modules, and we examined its effectiveness in a modular robot composed of these modules.     

Develop a multi-detection security system using multi-sensor fusion algorithms

The paper develops the multi-detection system using multi-level surveillance structure. The system contains active detection modules, passive detection modules, a supervised computer, an image system and an intelligent home. The passive detection modules contain wire/wireless detection modules and appliance control modules, and decide the event to be true or not using fusion algorithms, and transmit detection signals to the supervised computer via wire/wireless interface. Mobile robots are active detection modules and carry various sensors to search dangerous events. Each mobile robot transmits the real-time event signal to the supervised computer and the other mobile robots via wireless RF interface. The image system detects fire source using Otsu algorithm. The system integrates wire/wireless passive detection modules, mobile robots and image system to detect fire source using weighted average method. If the fire event occurs, the supervised computer calculates the dangerous grade using logical filter method according to the signals of detection modules in the first step, and transmits the position of the fire event to the other mobile robots. The assigned mobile robots move to the event location for double check autonomously, and transmit the detection results to the supervised computer. The supervised computer gives the final decision according to the feedback signals in the second step. Finally, we present some experimental scenarios using passive detection modules, active detection modules and image system for the fire detection in the intelligent home.     

基于CPLD控制模块的智能机器人控制系统研究

为提高物流周转智能机器人的环境感知能力和避障能力,降低智能机器人运行中碰撞障碍物的概率,设计了一种基于CPLD控制模块的物流周转智能机器人控制系统;以CPLD控制器为核心,调整A/D模拟采集接口模块信号的连接形式,并设置与PWM寄存器相关的连接参数;给出了主机智能程序的决策流程,并适时调整PWM寄存器的整流参数,提升控制指令执行向量的匹配精度,以实现对智能机器人运动轨迹的精确控制;与传统机器人控制系统相比,基于CPLD控制模块的智能机器人能够更准确地感知外界环境的变化,精确规避障碍物。     

微型四旋翼飞行侦察机器人控制系统设计

针对微型四旋翼飞行侦察机器人控制系统进行研究和设计,采用基于Cortex-M4内核的32位高性能单片机STM32F405RG为控制器进行了模块化设计,主要包括动力模块、姿态检测模块、无线通信模块和无线视频传输模块,分别对各模块的硬件和软件设计进行了详细介绍.实验验证,本控制系统运行可靠、稳定.     

语义地图导航的智能化服务机器人研究

基于语义地图导航的智能化服务机器人系统,以搭载深度相机和二维激光雷达的差分轮智能车的形式呈现.系统以树莓派作为主控制器,利用OpenCR控制电机驱动和辅助驾驶传感器,通过ROS机器人操作系统将机器人控制器、智能信息处理模块和各类传感器融合成一个有机整体.所构建的机器人系统在服务过程中,通过感知周围环境、收集数据完成静态...     

An autonomous stereovision-based navigation system (ASNS) for mobile robots

Recently, stereovision has appeared in robotics as a source of information for real-time mapping and path planning. In this paper, an intelligent motion system for mobile robots is designed and implemented using stereovision. The proposed system uses stereovision as a primary method for sensing the environment, and the system is able to navigate intelligently in an indoor environment with varying degrees of obstacle complexity. It creates noiseless and high-confidence 3D point clouds and uses these point clouds as an input for the mapping and path-planning modules. The proposed system was built by developing, enhancing, and integrating various techniques, modules and algorithms. The Stereovision-based Path-planning module is the integration of three main enhanced techniques: (1) the multi-baseline multi-view stereovision filter (MMSVF), (2) accurate floor detection and segmentation (AFDS), and (3) the intelligent gazing module (IGM). This Stereovision-based Path planning (MMSVF, IGM, and AFDS) was integrated with the Fuzzy Logic Motion Controller (FLMC). All techniques, modules and algorithms are implemented using a multi-threaded and client–server-based architecture. To prove the viability and robustness of our proposed system, we have integrated all components of the system into a fully functional mobile robot navigation system. We compared the performance of the main modules with that of similar modules in the literatures, and showed that our modules had better performance. Testing the whole system is more important than just testing each module individually. To the best of our knowledge, the literatures lack such testing. Hence, in this paper we present the performance of our complete integrated system in different environments using different parameters and different architectures.     

基于CoDeSys平台的六自由度工业机器人运动控制器设计

针对ER50六自由度工业机器人,基于CoDeSys软件平台开发了一款机器人运动控制器。采用ARM+CoDeSys架构和PLCopen规范进行六自由度工业机器人控制系统软件开发以及人机交互界面设计。首先根据D-H参数对ER50机器人进行运动学建模,并在此基础上封装ER50机器人正逆运动学功能块;然后对控制器的示教模块、点动模块以及在线编程模块进行软件开发并设计各个模块的人机交互界面。在ER50机器人上实现了运动控制器在线示教、点动以及在线编程等功能;最后通过直线和圆弧轨迹跟踪实验验证了运动控制器设计的有效性。     

基于ARM11和Linux的环境智能模块开发与设计

基于三星公司生产的ARM11内核的S3C6410,在移植后的Linux系统下开发设计了环境智能监测模块,具体开发了基于Qt的底层应用程序界面,完成模块与现场传感器的串口通信,获得农作物大棚的温度、CO₂、湿度和光照度等参数.利用双缓冲技术,以像素映射的方式编写了具有缩放功能的曲线显示控件,实时反映各类参数的整体和局部变化趋势.通过开发字符设备驱动程序,控制现场继电器设备使环境指标到达适宜标准.利用ASP.NET技术和异步刷新方式在服务器上编写并发布监测网页,以socket的通信方式完成与智能模块的数据交互,供用户远程登录访问,确保农作物生长环境的适宜性和设备运行的安全性.