考虑需求降维的个性化产品配置研究

随着时代发展和市场环境的变化，客户对产品个性化的追求不断提升。针对个性化产品配置进行客户满意度因素分析，通过需求降维对关键满意度因素进行去冗余处理，将筛选出的因素作为遗传算法中的用户评价项目，从而对不同类型的客户推荐最优的个性化产品配置方案。实验结果表明，个性化服务和产品质量是企业需要重点保障的两个方面，企业应当有针对性地对用户提供个性化产品和服务。本文方法有效减轻了用户疲劳，为企业推出个性化的产品服务配置提供指导和建议。     

大批量定制中的客户参与设计

介绍了大批量定制中客户参与设计的概念﹑意义﹑技术体系等,研究了客户参与设计的过程,包括客户需求获取、产品配置设计、产品变型设计等,并以Sony公司为例介绍了客户参与设计的应用现状.     

电动汽车电池热管理集成产品的模块化设计

基于电动汽车行业的市场与客户需求分析,提出了适用于某公司的快速高效的模块化设计方法.以电动汽车电池热管理集成产品为例,采用产品配置设计与变形设计方法,对模块化设计方法进行了可行性验证.该产品模块化设计方法包括:产品模块化分析,即对各整车厂的技术要求进行分析,提炼不同客户的共性需求,并根据共性需求对产品各项性能指标进行系列规划,划分产品的主要结构模块;产品模块化设计平台构建,即建立规范的产品编码和零部件命名体系,编制主要结构模块间接口的设计准则,建立标准模块,并以设计模板、准则和产品实例建立产品模块化设计平台.     

基于大数据和粗糙集的产品需求分析方法研究

随着产品互联网时代的到来,针对传统产品设计需求的获取方法单一、实时性差、主观性过强等问题,提出了一种基于大数据分析和粗糙集理论的产品需求分析方法.采用网路爬虫技术,实时获取存在于多种信息载体中的大体量用户需求;利用大数据分析工具和粗糙集获取不同语义层次的用户需求类型的权重,并通过质量功能配置(quality function deployment,QFD)质量屋将用户需求转换为相应的工程设计参数,从而为准确获取反映用户需求的产品设计方向提供依据.以三星手机Galaxy S6Edge为例,通过对该款手机在微博和京东商城的产品用户评论等数据进行大数据分析,并结合粗糙集理论的用户需求计算方法,验证了提出方法的有效性.     

面向客户需求的产品优化设计方法研究

面向客户需求是企业在当前竞争激烈的市场环境下成功的关键。本文提出了一种快速响应客户需求的产品优化设计方法,通过基于模糊相似理论的需求信息模糊聚类方法,对具有模糊性和多样性的原始客户需求信息进行精简分类处理,以获取客户需求集合;然后构建了一种综合联合分析法(CA)和质量功能展开(QFD)的全新CA-QFD需求转化方法,从客户需求到产品设计属性进行精确转化,并通过对实例产品的优化设计,实现快速响应客户需求;最后,通过锻压机主工作液压缸的优化设计实例,验证了本文方法的可行性和适用性。     

基于多方法融合的需求预测与分析

目的 全面准确地获取用户需求,并对需求类型的判断提出一种可靠的分析方法。方法 首先,利用问卷调查获取显性用户需求,然后结合专利分析与需求进化定律对动态发展的产品进行隐性需求的预测,进而通过模糊-Kano模型定量判断需求的类型,并用隶属函数对灰色区间的需求类型进行研究。结果 提出基于多方法融合的需求预测与分析方法,以桌面式清分扎把机为例,证实了方法的可行性。结论 运用此方法实现了对需求的全面获取、预测与分析,并为相关产品的设计提供了参考。     

基于模块化产品族与客户需求转化的产品配置

建立了模块化产品族结构,将产品族分解为类模块,为每一类模块建立一个模块模型,以属性变量表示各模块模型.利用QFD思想建立从客户需求到模块属性的映射,确定客户所需产品的各模块属性变量取值和权重.然后在同类模块的范围内检索出与客户需求最相近的模块实例集,再纳入各模块及属性之间的相关约束,有效地组合模块,避免大量无效配置,提高产品配置效率.     

模糊德菲法和熵权重法在不确定环境下产品设计中功能选择的应用

为提高客户需求信息获取的速度和准确性,以产品内部功能需求分析为基础,采用模糊德尔菲法对产品内部功能需求进行筛选,结合问卷调查得到客户需求信息,用熵权重法对客户需求信息进行赋权,采用专家打分的方式衡量每个功能需求与客户需求之间的相关程度,计算各个功能需求的重要度并进行排序,从而找出开发设计阶段应首先满足的关键功能需求项目,为工程设计人员迅速找准市场定位、缩短研发周期提供一个很好的方法和途径.     

开放式结构产品的模块规划

 产品的多元化和市场竞争使客户对产品的个性化需求不断增加,传统的产品结构难以满足低成本和个性化的需求．开放式结构产品使得产品既拥有大批量定制的优点又能满足客户个性化的需求．开放式结构产品将产品的模块分为通用模块、定制模块和个性化模块．模块划分和模块类型规划是开放式结构产品设计的重要步骤．针对开放式结构产品的设计,提出了一种以公理设计为分析框架、以质量功能展开（QFD）为基本模型的模块划分和分类方法．该方法采用公理设计建立功能需求与概念结构之间的映射关系,通过分析概念结构之间的功能、空间和信息流关系建立了设计关联矩阵,运用系统聚类法对设计关联矩阵进行聚类模块划分,利用QFD规划产品中零部件的类型并建立模块类型规划准则,最后根据零部件类型确定了开放式结构产品的模块类型．应用所提出的方法对玩具喷漆机进行了模块规划,得出了开放式结构玩具喷漆机的结构方案,验证了该方法的有效性和可行性．     

面向人体的个性化设计技术研究

目的 研究和总结面向人体的个性化设计的相关技术方法,主要包括借助三维人体测量技术为用户提供特有的身体数据,在此基础上设计个性化产品的可配置模块,从而快速定制出属于用户自身的个性化产品。方法 研究面向人体的数据获取方法和针对人体特征的三维建模方法,为个性化设计提供数据支撑;提出与人体特征相匹配的个性化设计流程,以及面向大批量定制的设计需求,通过定义模块化产品的配置信息,达到设计重用的目的,从而实现针对不同用户的个性化产品快速定制。结论 个性化设计针对人体形态存在的差异性,向不同用户提供符合特定需求的设计产品,是产品设计的重要发展趋势,也对设计方法提出了新的要求。通过研究面向人体的个性化设计技术,实现针对不同个体形态的快速定制,促进该领域的进一步发展。     

Attribute selection for product configurator design based on Gini index

Customer needs play a critical role in product design. Matching diversified customer needs with a company’s product offerings has been a challenge for academia and industry. To this end, product configurator systems have been accepted as important tools to elicit customer needs to meet the challenge. However for complex products with many product possibilities and intricate inter-product relationships, current product configuration systems may become tedious and time consuming for customers’ choice navigation process. They cannot adapt to each individual customer’s preferences by leveraging on the attribute specification information captured in previous configuration steps. This paper presents a Gini index-based attribute selection approach for configurator design. Product configuring is modelled as a sequential query–answer process. In each configuring step, the Gini index is deployed to quantify the clarity of the designer’s beliefs about the customer’s needs. The attribute which contributes most to the clarity will be selected for the customer to configure. A product recommendation module is also integrated with the configurator to further improve the efficiency. As a result, designers obtain clarification on the customer’s needs and preferences in an accelerated manner. An example is presented to test the viability of the method.     

Web-based configuration design system for product customization

In mass customization, web-centric knowledge-based configuration systems have become an important tool to help customers configure products that satisfy their different needs and the complex configuration constraints of a product family (PF). An effective knowledge representation scheme and the associated reasoning mechanisms are essential for the success of these systems. This paper presents an object-oriented approach that integrates the functional and structural models of a PF with design process knowledge. Invasion-based search algorithms are proposed to deal with different situations in product customization and heuristic knowledge is introduced in these algorithms to improve the search efficiency. Optimization models have been constructed in terms of customers’ preferences to provide them with the highest satisfaction in product customization. Based on the representation scheme and reasoning algorithms, a web-based configuration system prototype is developed to support product customization. An example of a bicycle family is used as a study case and described in details.     

面向在线大规模定制的产品配置元类型识别方法

产品在线大规模定制模式已经成为可能和未来发展的趋势.从顾客产品需求分类入手,探讨了各类配置元的识别方法和模型.给出产品配置元类型结构的几何解释,并综合考虑产品类型和企业在线大规模定制综合能力的影响,提出了在线定制服务提供商的产品配置元结构优化策略.最后以一款摩托车产品为例,详细探讨了产品各类配置元的识别过程,证明了所述...     

Identification of the optimal product configuration and parameters based on individual customer requirements on performance and costs in one-of-a-kind production

One-of-a-kind production (OKP) aims at manufacturing products based on the requirements from individual customers while maintaining the high quality and efficiency of mass production. This research addresses the issues in identifying the optimal product configuration and its parameters based on individual customer requirements on performance and costs of products. In this work, variations of product configurations and parameters in an OKP product family are modeled by an AND-OR tree and parameters of the nodes in this tree. Different product configurations with different parameters are evaluated by performance and cost measures. These evaluation measures are converted into comparable customer satisfaction indices using the non-linear relations between the evaluation measures and the customer satisfaction indices. The optimal product configuration and its parameters with the maximum overall customer satisfaction index are identified by genetic programming and constrained optimization. A case study to identify the optimal configuration and its parameters of window products in an industrial company is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the introduced approach.     

面向DLM模式的商品族架构和商品配置管理模型

为解决制造商主导的在线大规模定制模式无法满足顾客在线比较不同品牌商品功能和结构各类属性等问题。提出了经销商主导的在线大规模定制模式,从探讨顾客表达需求的方式和习惯入手,引入了功能配置元和结构配置元的概念,搭建顾客需求与产品功能结构之间的信息依赖模型。基于经销商视角构建商品族架构模型和客户化商品配置管理模型,定义出经销商商品配置模型和在线配置过程之间的依赖关系,构建出在线配置过程模型。通过案例证明了模型的可行性和有效性。     

An approach to rule extraction for product service system configuration that considers customer perception

At present, manufacturers tend to bundle a product with its related services as a product service system, to meet customer needs and achieve competitive advantage. Configuring a product service system involves selecting and combining appropriate product and service components, to satisfy individual customer needs. One crucial step to rapidly configure a product service system is to develop formalised configuration rules, which show the relationships between product service components and customer needs, including those expressed as perception needs. In this study, a rough set-based approach is proposed to acquire configuration rules. First, an information table is built by combining the results of factor analysis and questionnaire survey. Then, customer segmentation is accomplished by clustering. Based on the information table and customer segmentation, a dominance-based rough set approach is used to extract the configuration rules. Finally, a weighbridge is selected for the case study to validate the proposed approach.     

Optimal concurrent product design and process planning based on the requirements of individual customers in one-of-a-kind production

One-of-a-kind production is a new manufacturing paradigm for producing customised products based on the requirements of individual customers while maintaining the quality and efficiency of mass production. This research addresses the issues in optimal concurrent product design and process planning based on the requirements of individual customers. In this work, a hybrid AND-OR graph is developed to model the variations of design configurations/parameters and manufacturing processes/parameters in a generic product family. Since different design configurations and parameters can be created from the same customer requirements, and each design can be further achieved through alternative manufacturing processes and parameters, co-evolutionary genetic programming and numerical optimisation are employed to identify the optimal product design configuration/parameters and manufacturing process/parameters. A case study is introduced to identify the optimal design configuration/parameters and manufacturing process/parameters of custom window products of an industrial company to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method.     

包装造型设计艺术

包装造型设计是长期研讨的问题,造型设计是根据被包装产品的特征、环境因素和用户的要求等选择一定的材料,采用一定的技术方法,设计出内外结构合理的容器或制品,并根据使用材料的不同特点分软质和硬质包装容器两种。造型设计中的形、线、装饰、肌理是决定构成容器外形轮廓的元素之一,包装造型设计的最终目的促使消费者产生购买行为。     

A stochastic model of a reconfigurable manufacturing system Part 3: Optimal selection policy

Products required by customers are classified into several product families, each of which is a set of similar products. A reconfigurable manufacturing system (RMS) satisfies customer requirements by ensuring that each family corresponds to one configuration of the RMS. Products belonging to the same family will be produced by the RMS under the corresponding configuration. The manufacturing system is reconfigurable for different families. To utilize the RMS, a selection policy that is an action rule is needed, by which the manufacturer selects a family to produce ordered products belonging to the selected family. Thus, an important issue for an RMS is the optimal selection policy. Based on a stochastic model, an optimization problem stemmed from the issue is formulated. Two solution procedures are devised to solve the optimization problem. Numerical examples are presented for evaluating the efficiency of the algorithms.